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BabyHemingwayAyoungHemingwayinhisWorldWarIuniformHemingwayinParisnGertrudeStein(picturedhereinaportraitbyPabloPicasso).HemingwaysfavoriterestaurantinParisLifeexperiencenborninOakpark,inawell-to-dofamilyinsuburbofChicagonHisfatherwasahighlyrespectedphysician,andalsoanoutdoorsportslover.nacquaintedhimselfearlywithsuchvirtuesascourage and endurance ofasportsman.nHismotherwasanartist.nfifteen,heranawayfromhome.nthereafter,heworkedasareporterfortheKansasCityStarnewspaper.nThisexperiencetrainedhimtowriteshortlyandexactly.nin1918,ErnestHemingwaytriedtoenlistbutwasrejectedbecauseofpooreyesight.nLaterhevolunteeredtobean ambulance driverontheItalianfrontandwasseverelywounded.nIn1921,hewenttoFranceandsettleddowninParisnHebecameonememberof“LostGeneration”.nInhislastyearshesufferedfromemotionalbreakdownandseriousphysicalillness.nIndespairhekilledhimselfwiththesamegunhisfatherhadusedforsuicide.HemingwaysWritingCareernThe Torrents of Spring(1925)nThe Sun Also Rises(1926)nA Farewell to Arms(1929)nTo Have and Have Not(1937)nFor Whom the Bell Tolls(1940)nAcross the River and Into the Trees(1950)nThe Old Man and the Sea(1952)nAdventures of a Young Man(1962)MajorWorksnIn1952hepublishedhisnovel“The Old Man and the Sea”ItwonhimthePulitzerPrize(1953).nIn 1954,he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature.spokesman of the“Lost Generation”n1.G.SteinsremarktoHemingway:“youareallalostgeneration.”n2.Hemingwayusedthesentence“youareallalostgeneration”asanepigraphforhisfirstnovel,The Sun Also Rises,which depicts a“lostgeneration”ofpostwarAmericandriftersinFranceandSpain.n3.AlmostallofHemingwaysworksdealwiththe disillusionment of“the lost generation”,almostallhisheroesaremembersof“thelostgeneration.”nnHisnovelsdramatizedthesocialhistoryof“thelostgeneration.”n4.Intimate connection between Hemingway andhisheroes:hedescribeshimselfwhenhetellsusthestoryofhisheroes;Hemingway,“thelostgeneration,”andHemingwaysheroessharecommonfeatures.n5.Hemingwayspeaksfor“thelostgeneration”throughhischoiceofthemesandwritingstyle;histhemesfocuson“thelostgeneration”,hisstylefitsfor“thelostgeneration.”Page202n“Iwasalwaysembarrassedbythewordssacred,glorious,andsacrificeandtheexpressioninvainIhadseennothingsacred,andthethingsthatwereglorioushadnoglory”Havinglosthistraditionalorientationandfailingtoestablishanewone,hebecomesoneofthe“LostGeneration”.Subject Matternhe expressed the feelings of a war-wounded people,revealedtheirfrustration,loneliness anddisillusionment.nMany of his works concerned with war or injury and its effect on people,expressed the feelings of the war-wounded people TheOldManandtheSeanSantiago,aCubanfishermann84days,gotnothingn85,hesetouthissmallboatalone.nHecaughtahugemarlinfish.nTheintensestrugglebetweenthemanandthefish.nTheoldmanfinallyharpoonedthefish.nApackofsharksfollowedafterthemarlinandtookhugebitesoutoftheMarlinoneafteranother.nafightbetweentheoldmanandtheshark.nHefeltverytired,hungry,thirty,sleepy.TheOldManandtheSeanSowhentheoldmangotashore,onlyskeletonremained.nTheoldmanwassoexhausted,andhestaggeredbacktohishut,andfellintobed.TheOldManandtheSeanQuestionfordiscussion:n1.What kind of spirit impresses you?nthebravery,toughness,firmnessandpersistenceandtheindomitablespiritnTough guy nTheCodeHeron“But man is not made for defeat”n“A man can be destroyed but not defeated”nTheymaybephysicallydestroyed,buttheycanneverbespirituallydefeated.2.IsSantiagoavictororafailure?AppreciationofHemingwaysshortstoriesHillsLikeWhiteElephantQuestionsforDiscussionn1.Whatstherelationshipbetweenthegirlandtheman?n2.Whataretheytalkingabout?n3.Whatkindofoperationisit?n4.Whatkindofpersonistheman?nIrresponsible,selfish,hypocritical,self-centeredn5.Whatkindofpersonisthewoman?nTough,calmdespiteagony,disappointment,sadnessn7.Whatdoesthetitlesuggest?nHills,whiteelephantnCostlyortroublesome,uselessthingsnheavyburdenn8.Whatdoyouthinkofthewriterswritingstyle?nHeavyuseofdialogues,simple,brieflanguagenMorespaceforreaderstothinkAppreciationofA Days WaitnQuestionforDiscussion:n1.Whatisthemainideaofthisstory?n2.Whatdoyouthinkoftheboy?nToughguyn3.Whatdoyouthinkofthewriterswritingstyle?nUseofdialogues,nConcise,brief,simplelanguageCharacterizationnTheycanboldlyandcourageouslyfacethereality.nTheCodeHeronItisaphraseusedtodescribethemaincharacterinmanyofHemingwaysnovels.ngrace under pressurenThephrase“graceunderpressure”isoftenusedtodescribetheconductofthecodehero.nNomatterhowhard,howcruel,howharshtherealityis,theyarereadytofacethecruelreality.Theycanalwayskeeptheirdignity,courage,andhonorevenbeforethethreatofdeath.nIndoingso,hefindsfulfillment:heprovesamanorproveshismanhoodandhisworth.Stylen“telegram style”nbrief,simplewords,briefsentences,shortconversation,nounnecessaryadverbsandadjectives,nodetaileddescriptionn“Iceberg theory”nHemingwaydescribeshisaestheticprincipleasanalogoustoaniceberg,seven-eighth of which is concealed beneath the surface of the water in which it floats.nHe believes that a good writer does not need to reveal every detail of a character or action.nHemingway leaves a lot of room for the readers to understandthroughapplyinghisownexperiences.nn
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