资源描述
Unit5Unit5EuropesInternetRevolt:EuropesInternetRevolt:ProtesterSeeThreatsinProtesterSeeThreatsinAntipiracyTreatyAntipiracyTreatyUnit5EuropesInternetRevol1ContentsACTA1EuropeanProtest2EffectsofProtest34TopicsfordiscussionContentsACTA1Europea2Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement(ACTA)ACTAisamultinationaltreatyforthepurposeofestablishinginternationalstandardsforintellectualpropertyrightsenforcement.Theagreementaimstoestablishaninternationallegalframeworkfortargetingcounterfeitgoods,genericmedicinesandcopyrightinfringementontheInternet,andwouldcreateanewgoverningbodyoutsideexistingforums,suchastheWorldTradeOrganization,theWorldIntellectualPropertyOrganization,andtheUnitedNations.Anti-CounterfeitingTradeAgr3TheagreementwassignedinOctober2011byAustralia,Canada,Japan,Morocco,NewZealand,Singapore,SouthKorea,andtheUnitedStates.In2012,Mexico,theEuropeanUnionand22countrieswhicharememberstatesoftheEuropeanUnionsignedaswell.Onesignatory(Japan)hasratified(formallyapproved)theagreement,whichwouldcomeintoforceincountriesthatratifieditafterratificationbysixcountries.TheagreementwassignedinOc4SimilarUSActsSOPA:TheStop Online Piracy Act wasaUnitedStatesbillintroducedbyU.S.RepresentativeLamarS.Smith(R-TX)toexpandtheabilityofU.S.lawenforcementtocombatonlinecopyrightinfringementandonlinetraffickingincounterfeitgoods.Provisionsincludedtherequestingofcourtorderstobaradvertisingnetworksandpaymentfacilitiesfromconductingbusinesswithinfringingwebsites,andsearchenginesfromlinkingtothewebsites,andcourtordersrequiringInternetserviceproviderstoblockaccesstothewebsites.SimilarUSActsSOPA:TheStop5OnJanuary18,2012,theEnglishWikipedia,Google,andanestimated7,000othersmallerwebsitescoordinatedaserviceblackout,inprotestagainstthebill.Wikipediasaidmorethan162millionpeoplevieweditsbanner.OtherprotestsagainstSOPAandPIPAincludedpetitiondrives,withGooglestatingitcollectedoversevenmillionsignatures,boycottsofcompaniesandorganizationsthatsupportthelegislation,andanoppositionrallyheldinNewYorkCity.OnJanuary18,2012,theEngli6PIPA:ThePROTECT IP Act(Preventing Real Online Threats to Economic Creativity and Theft of Intellectual Property Act,orPIPA)wasaproposedlawwiththestatedgoalofgivingtheUSgovernmentandcopyrightholdersadditionaltoolstocurbaccesstoroguewebsitesdedicatedtothesaleofinfringingorcounterfeitgoods,especiallythoseregisteredoutsidetheU.S.ThebillwasintroducedonMay12,2011,bySenatorPatrickLeahy(D-VT)and11bipartisanco-sponsors.TheCongressionalBudgetOfficeestimatedthatimplementationofthebillwouldcostthefederalgovernment$47millionthrough2016,tocoverenforcementcostsandthehiringandtrainingof22newspecialagentsand26supportPIPA:ThePROTECTIPAct(P7InthewakeofonlineprotestsheldonJanuary18,2012,SenateMajorityLeaderHarryReidannouncedthatavoteonthebillwouldbepostponeduntilissuesraisedaboutthebillwereresolved.Inthewakeofonlineprotests8EuropeanProtestThesignatureoftheEUandmanyofitsmemberstatesresultedinwidespreadprotestsacrossEurope.TheEuropeanParliamentsindependentmonitorfortheAnti-CounterfeitingTradeAgreement(ACTA)resignedFridayinprotestafter22EuropeanUnionmemberstatessignedtheanti-piracytreatyThursday.EuropeanProtestThesignature9Polandwastosignit.AnonymousattacksonPolishgovernmentsitesandweeksofstreetprotests.Polandwastosignit.10ProtestinSwedenProtestinSweden11ProtestinUKProtestinUK12WhyDoPeopleProtest?WhyDoPeopleProtest?13ThisthreatenstheentirefoundingideaoftheInternetthefreesharingofinformation.ButACTAdoesntstopthere.ItgoesbeyondtheInternet,bearingdownongenericdrugsandfoodpatents.Ifpassed,ACTAwillenforceaglobalstandardforseedpatenting,whichwouldwipeoutindependent,localfarmersandmaketheworldcompletelydependentonthepatentowners(readbigcorporations)forsupplies.Thisthreatenstheentirefoun14AccordingtotheBBC,KaderArifsaidthathecondemns“thewholeprocesswhichledtothesignatureofthisagreement:noconsultationofthecivilsociety,lackoftransparencysincethebeginningofnegotiations,repeateddelaysofthesignatureofthetextwithoutanyexplanationgive,rejectofParliamentsrecommendationsasgiveninseveralresolutionsofourassembly.AccordingtotheBBC,KaderAr15Allnegotiationswereheldbehindcloseddoors.Whiletheprovisionsarecurrentlypublic,theirgenesiswashiddenfromdemocraticscrutiny,andmostnationssignedontoACTAwithoutanychancefortheircitizenrytorevieworcommentontheprocess.Allnegotiationswereheldbeh16Beyonditsundemocraticorigins,itsoftenunclearhowACTAsrequirementswouldbeimplemented,orcouldbeimplementedwithoutcreatingatechnicalarchitectureonlinethatrestrictsspeech.ItsnotworththepaperitswrittenonbecauseBrazil,India,ChinaandRussiaarentinvolvedinit.Itwillkillinnovation.Settingupbusinesswillbemoredifficult.Beyonditsundemocraticorigin17EffectsofProtestsEuropeanParliamentrapporteurKaderArifresigned.Hisreplacement,BritishMEPDavidMartin,recommendedthattheParliamentshouldrejectACTA,stating:Theintendedbenefitsofthisinternationalagreementarefaroutweighedbythepotentialthreatstocivilliberties.On4July2012,theEuropeanParliamentdeclineditsconsent,effectivelyrejectingit,478votesto39,with165abstentions.EffectsofProtestsEuropeanPa18PrimeMinisterDonaldTuskofPolandsentalettertohisfellowleadersintheEUFridayurgingthemtorejectACTA,reversingPolandscoursewiththecontroversialintellectual-propertytreaty.PrimeMinisterDonaldTuskof19TopicsforDiscussion1.DoyouagreetoACTA?Whyorwhynot?2.Ifyouwereapatentholder,wherewoulddoyoustand?TopicsforDiscussionDoyouag20KeyA.1.bailouts2.excluded3.virtual4.niche5.trivialize6.enforce7.allay8.mine9.endorses10.liabilitiesB.1.tomakepeoplegotothestreetstodemonstrateorprotestagainstsomething2.toprevail3.torevealthetruth;tobreakthemyth4.togivesupportoronesapprovalto5.afocused,targetableportionofamarket6.asuddenintensehappening7.somethingthatisafrequenttargetofnegativereactionsandservestodistractattentionfromanother8.makegooduseofKeyA.21C1.尽管恶劣天气横扫欧洲大陆，今天扔将有数万民众走上街头进行抗议。他们抗议的不是财政紧缩措施、救助问题，也不是中东问题。2.昨天，德国、波兰、捷克、斯洛伐克和拉脱维亚几个国家暂停批准这项协议，欧洲议会最早可能于5月份对此协议进行投票，有可能会使这项协议搁置。3.反仿冒贸易协定会改变现有的欧洲法律。目前欧洲法律要求互联网服务供应商应先得到法院命令才能够采取措施反对非法网上资料。4.反仿冒贸易协定将仿冒和未经授权的复制两个问题混为一谈，可能会淡化假冒药品的危害，从而导致对健康的伤害。5.我们欢迎对这一问题进行公开的辩论，当然是基于事实的辩论。但是现在有太多的担忧和错误认识。C226.他们对那些成为百万富翁却还抱怨由于非法下载而带来损失利益的演员和公司管理者们极为蔑视，但是谋生问题是人数日益增多的年轻艺术家和录制唱片的专业技术人员所面临的困难。7.他们成功地宣扬了善与恶的斗争，媒体公司就扮演了恶的角色。事实上，对双方都存在着合法的利益。8.他说，已经无法再把文件共享这个妖怪重新放回魔瓶之中。9.欧盟已经对假冒行为做好了抵抗的准备，对数字产业的主要挑战是如何更好地保护他们在国外的权利。10.他们正在利用你的信息进行有针对的广告投放。或者在某些情况下，你成为恶意软件攻击的目标。你可能免费享用某些信息，但是它从来就不是免费的。6.他们对那些成为百万富翁却还抱怨由于非法下载而带来损失利23
展开阅读全文