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Unit OneText I Two Words to Avoid,Two Words to Remember2012/9/5Unit OneText I Two Words to 1I.Library Work1.Manhattan,an island near the mouth of the Hudson River,is a borough of New York City,in southeastern New York State,U.S.A.Commercial and cultural heart of the city,Manhattan is the site of the Metropolitan Opera House,Carnegie Hall,the City Center of Music and Drama,I.Library Work2I.Library Workand numerous other music institutions.Main museums and art galleries of Manhattan include the Metropolitan Museum of Art,and American Museum of Natural History,etc.Columbia University and New York University are also located here.Among other points ofI.Library Workand numerous ot3I.Library Workinterest are the Rockefeller Center,the Empire State Building.A psychiatrist is a medical practitioner specializing in the diagnosis,and treatment of mental illness.Generally,after completion of medical training,physicians take a three-year residency in psychiatry to become qualified I.Library Workinterest are th4I.Library Workpsychiatrists.As psychiatry is an area of medicine,psychiatrists tend to view and conceptualize disordered behavior as types of mental illness.Those who have mental illness,psychological and emotional disorders consult psychiatrists.I.Library Workpsychiatrists.5I.Library WorkSigmund Freud/zikmunt froit/(1856-1939)is an Austrian physician and the founder of psychoanalysis.Freud explored the workings of the human mind and developed psychoanalysis as a therapeutic technique to treat neurosis or mental disturbances.His idea of the unconscious mental processes and hisI.Library WorkSigmund Freud/6I.Library Worktheory that a principal cause of neurosis is the repression of painful memories into the unconscious hold a central place in psychology and psychiatry today.I.Library Worktheory that a p7II.Organization of the TextI.Setting of the story(Paragraphs 1 3)The instructive significance of the story(1)Setting(2 3)II.Development of the story(Paragraphs 4 31)In the little French restaurant(4 8)II.Organization of the TextI.8II.Organization of the Text In the Old Mans office(9 26)Outside the office(27-31)III.Denouement or conclusion(Paragraphs 32 33)II.Organization of the Text 9III.Key Points of the TextParagraph 1rewarding:worth doing;satisfyingchange for the better:improve something that already exists or that has gone before 向着较好的情向着较好的情况转变；为了取得更好的结果况转变；为了取得更好的结果III.Key Points of the TextPar10Paragraph 1E.g.:His health has changed for the better.他的健康状况已有好转。他的健康状况已有好转。make alterations for the better in the design of a house 修改房屋的设计使之更修改房屋的设计使之更趋完善趋完善Paragraph 1E.g.:His health ha11Paragraph 1c.f.:change for the worse:make worse something that already exists or that has gone before 向着较坏的情况转变，向着较坏的情况转变，更不好更不好E.g.:He bought a new car but it turned out to be for the worse.他买了一辆新汽他买了一辆新汽车，但结果比原来的还不好。车，但结果比原来的还不好。Paragraph 1c.f.:change for th12Paragraph 1for better(or)for worse(或或 for better or worse):in both good and bad fortune;whether the result is good or bad 同甘共苦同甘共苦,祸福与共祸福与共;不不管是好是歹管是好是歹,不论是祸是福不论是祸是福;不管结果不管结果怎样怎样Paragraph 1for better(or)for13Paragraph 1E.g.:He has resolved to take her for better or for worse.不论是福是不论是福是祸，他决心娶她为妻。祸，他决心娶她为妻。Most leave-taking-for better or worse-are temporary affairs.不管怎不管怎样，大多数的告别只是暂别。样，大多数的告别只是暂别。Paragraph 1E.g.:He has resolv14Paragraph 1Nothing in life is more exciting and rewarding than the sudden flash of insight that leaves you a changed person-not only changed,but changed for the better:The most inspiring and gratifying fact of life is the unexpected spark of enlightenment that makes you different and a better person than before.Paragraph 1Nothing in life is 15Paragraph 1According to the author,how much did the session with his psychiatrist friend that afternoon mean to him?To him,the session was just like“a flash of insight that leaves him a changed person-not only changed,but changed for the better.”Paragraph 1According to the au16Paragraph 2wintry:of or like winter;cold,snowy(似似)冬天的；寒冷的；多雪的冬天的；寒冷的；多雪的E.g.:a wintry smile 冷若冰雪的微笑冷若冰雪的微笑Paragraph 2wintry:of or like 17Paragraph 2frustrated:feeling annoyed disappointment because of the prevention of the fulfillment of or defeat of someone or someones effort,hopes,etc.表示作出的某种努力受阻而失望或沮表示作出的某种努力受阻而失望或沮丧丧E.g.:Im feeling rather frustrated in my present job;I need a change.Paragraph 2frustrated:feeling18Paragraph 2 I feel frustrated;I cant go after all!我我感到很失望；我终归还是去不成了。感到很失望；我终归还是去不成了。depressed:sad;low in spirits 沮丧沮丧的；抑郁的；（意志）消沉的的；抑郁的；（意志）消沉的E.g.:I feel really depressed today,nothing went right.今天我真倒霉，今天我真倒霉，什么都不顺利。什么都不顺利。Paragraph 2 I feel frustrat19Paragraph 2on ones part:made or done by one 某某人所做的，某人有责任的；就某人而言，人所做的，某人有责任的；就某人而言，在某人一方；代表某人在某人一方；代表某人E.g.:I consider this a gross oversight on your part.我认为这是你的严重疏忽。我认为这是你的严重疏忽。It was the lapse on the part of my wife.这是我妻子出的差错。这是我妻子出的差错。Paragraph 2on ones part:made20Paragraph 2 There are still some doubts on the part of the employers.雇主方面仍心存怀雇主方面仍心存怀疑。疑。A frank question on his part led to a frank answer on mine.他问题提得直率，他问题提得直率，因此我也回答得坦诚。因此我也回答得坦诚。He expressed appreciation on the part of himself and his colleagues.他代他代表自己以及同事们表示感谢。表自己以及同事们表示感谢。Paragraph 2 There are still21Paragraph 2fall through:fail to be successfully completed;come to nothing 失败，成为失败，成为泡影；不能践约，失约泡影；不能践约，失约E.g.:To his disappointment,his plan to do further studies in the university fell through.Paragraph 2fall through:fail 22Paragraph 2 I have made an appointment with him,but Im afraid hell fall through.我我已和他约好会面，可是我怕他会失约。已和他约好会面，可是我怕他会失约。hindsight:wisdom about an event after it has occurred 事后的觉悟；事后的聪明事后的觉悟；事后的聪明E.g.:By hindsight I should have gone there earlier.事后想来，我应早些去那里。事后想来，我应早些去那里。Paragraph 2 I have made an 23Paragraph 2 Hindsight is always clearer than ones view at the time.事后看问题总要比事后看问题总要比当时看得清楚。当时看得清楚。c.f.:foresight:the ability to imagine what will probably happen,allowing one to act to help or prevent developments;care or wise planning for the future 预见；先见之明预见；先见之明Paragraph 2 Hindsight is al24Paragraph 2chew the cud:think deeply before making a decision;think reflectively 深深思，反复思考思，反复思考E.g.:He didnt reply immediately,but seemed rather to be chewing his cud.他没有立即回答，不过看上去在反复思考。他没有立即回答，不过看上去在反复思考。Paragraph 2chew the cud:think25Paragraph 2How were the author and the old man related?The old man was an eminent psychiatrist and the author was a client of his.Paragraph 2How were the author26Paragraph 3He came across the street,finally,muffled in his ancient overcoat,shapeless felt hat pulled down over his bald head,looking more like an energetic gnome than an eminent psychiatrist.Paragraph 3He came across the 27Paragraph 3At last he walked over from the other side of the street,wrapped in his old-fashioned overcoat,his bald head covered by a shapeless felt hat.He looked like a dwarfish old man full of energy rather than a well-known psychiatrist.Paragraph 3At last he walked o28Paragraph 3gnome:(in legends)a little old man who lives underground and guards the earths treasures;a small ugly person守守护神；土地神护神；土地神;侏儒侏儒Paragraph 3gnome:(in legends)29Paragraph 5perceptiveness:unusual ability to notice and understand;awareness and understanding 观察敏锐；善于理解观察敏锐；善于理解E.g.:We all admired his perceptiveness;he was always so quick to respond to a new situation.proceed:begin a course of actionParagraph 5perceptiveness:unu30Paragraph 5E.g.:After the preparations had been made,we proceeded to draft the plan.Paragraph 5E.g.:After the pre31Paragraph 10flat:with a broad level surface and little depth 浅的浅的Paragraph 10flat:with a broad32Paragraph 11berate:(formal)scold or criticize angrily because of a faultE.g.:Dont berate anyone just because he has made a mistake.Dont we all make mistakes from time to time?go by:pass;elapseParagraph 11berate:(formal)s33Paragraph 11The woman who spoke next had never married because of a sense of obligation to her widowed mother;she recalled bitterly all the marital chances she had let go by.Paragraph 11The woman who spok34Paragraph 11The next speaker on the tape was a woman who had remained single because she thought she was obliged to take care of her mother who was a widow.She still remembered and told others miserably about all the chances of marriage she had missed.Paragraph 11The next speaker o35Paragraph 14woeful:regretful;full of woe,sadE.g.:a woeful countenance(song)悲伤悲伤的面容的面容(歌曲歌曲)a woeful spectacle 悲惨的景象悲惨的景象 woeful shortage of commodities 商品商品的可悲的匮乏的可悲的匮乏 woeful ignorance 可悲的无知可悲的无知Paragraph 14woeful:regretful;36Paragraph 14 It was woeful to see him spoiling the painting.眼见他毁坏那幅油画真叫人惋惜。眼见他毁坏那幅油画真叫人惋惜。Paragraph 14 It was woeful 37Paragraph 15Why did the old man let the author listen to the three speakers on the tape?The three speakers on the tape were all unhappy,and the two words they all used frequently in what they said were“if only.”What the old man wanted to pointParagraph 15Why did the old ma38Paragraph 15out to the author was that to keep saying“if only”would not change anything;on the contrary,it only kept the person facing the wrong way-backward instead of forward.Thus it did more harm than good to the person who kept saying them.Paragraph 15out to the author 39Paragraph 15In the end,if you let it become a habit,it can become a real roadblock,an excuse for not trying any more.Eventually,if you form a habit of saying“if only”,the phrase can really turn to an obstruction,providing you with an excuse for giving up trying anything at all.Paragraph 15In the end,if you40Paragraph 16lament:feel or express great sorrow(for or because of something);complain about 痛惜；抱怨痛惜；抱怨E.g.:One should not lament the past mistakes,but should try to do better later.lament this great loss 痛惜这巨大的损痛惜这巨大的损失失Paragraph 16lament:feel or ex41Paragraph 16 lament ones folly(carelessness)悔悔恨自己的愚蠢（粗心）恨自己的愚蠢（粗心）Paragraph 16 lament ones f42Paragraph 18 you never got out of the past tense.Not once did you mention the future.you are always thinking of the past,regretting and lamenting.You did not look forward to what you can do in the future at all.Paragraph 18 you never got ou43Paragraph 18a perverse streak:an obstinate qualityperverse:stubbornly unreasonable 任性的，任性的，蛮不讲理的蛮不讲理的streak:long thin mark,line or band of a different substance or color from its surroundings;element or trace(in a persons character)(与整体不同物质或颜色的与整体不同物质或颜色的)条纹，线条纹，线条，斑纹条，斑纹;(个性中的个性中的)些微特点或特征些微特点或特征Paragraph 18a perverse streak:44Paragraph 18E.g.:black with red streaks 带红条纹的带红条纹的黑色黑色 There were tear streaks down her face.她脸上有一条条泪痕。她脸上有一条条泪痕。He has a stubborn streak.他生性有点他生性有点儿固执。儿固执。Paragraph 18E.g.:black with r45Paragraph 18 He had a petty bourgeois streak in him.他有点小资产阶级味道。他有点小资产阶级味道。a streak of jealousy(vanity,cruelty)几分妒忌（虚荣，残忍）几分妒忌（虚荣，残忍）have a jealous streak 有点儿妒忌有点儿妒忌Paragraph 18 He had a petty46Paragraph 18hash over:(AmE informal)talk about something such as a difficulty in detail and at length 充分讨论；回顾充分讨论；回顾E.g.:Hasnt the committee finished hashing over the question yet?I have something I want to hash over with you.我有事要跟你好好谈谈。我有事要跟你好好谈谈。Paragraph 18hash over:(AmE in47Paragraph 18 hash over the old days 追忆旧日追忆旧日hash:chop(meat)into small pieces 把把(肉肉)切成小块切成小块;把把(肉肉)剁碎剁碎Paragraph 18 hash over the 48Paragraph 19ruefully:regretfully;showing or feeling good-humored regret 表示或感到后悔的表示或感到后悔的(但很看得开但很看得开)E.g.:He faced his recent failure ruefully.a rueful smile 抱憾的微笑抱憾的微笑Paragraph 19ruefully:regretfu49Paragraph 20lift:a feeling of elation 鼓舞，振奋鼓舞，振奋E.g.:Winning the scholarship gave her a tremendous lift.她获得奖学金后受到了极大的她获得奖学金后受到了极大的鼓舞。鼓舞。drag:(slang)a boring thing;nuisance 累赘的累赘的或使人生厌的人或事物或使人生厌的人或事物E.g.:Walking is drag-lets take the car.走走路太费事路太费事-我们坐车吧。我们坐车吧。Paragraph 20lift:a feeling of50Paragraph 22strike out(also strike through):remove by drawing a line through;cross outParagraph 22strike out(also s51Paragraph 24grim:harsh,unpleasant,dreadfulE.g.:He was depressed when he heard the grim news that two-thirds of the workforce might be discharged.Paragraph 24grim:harsh,unple52Paragraph 25fanciful:using the imagination rather than reason;imagined rather than based on facts 空想的，想象的空想的，想象的E.g.:a fanciful tale 想象出来的故事想象出来的故事 a fanciful notion 毫无根据的想法毫无根据的想法 a fanciful girl 爱空想的女孩爱空想的女孩Paragraph 25fanciful:using th53Paragraphs 28-29“My,my,”said the Old Man slyly.“If only we had come down ten seconds sooner,wed have caught that cab,wouldnt we?”I laughed and picked up the cue.“Next time Ill run faster.”Paragraphs 28-29“My,my,”sa54Paragraphs 28-29The Old Man said to me trickily,using the phrase“if only”on purpose,“If only wed got here ten seconds earlier,wed have caught the cab.”I laughed and understood what he meant.So I followed his advice and said,“Next time Ill run faster.”Paragraphs 28-29The Old Man 55Paragraphs 28-29Why did the Old Man say slyly?Find out the reason in the context.What was the cue the author picked up?How did the author pick up the cue?Paragraphs 28-29Why did the 56
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