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Grammar and Usage(2)Preposition+which/whom铜陵三中铜陵三中 张勇张勇 姜贵红姜贵红介词介词+关系词关系词引导的定语从句引导的定语从句 1）某些某些在从句中充当时间，地点等在从句中充当时间，地点等状语状语的的介词介词+关系词关系词结构结构可以同关系副词可以同关系副词when 和和where 互换互换。例如：。例如：This is the house _ I lived two years ago.Do you remember the day _ you joined our club?2）介词后面的关系词不能省略。）介词后面的关系词不能省略。3）先行词是物，关系词用）先行词是物，关系词用which,先行词是人先行词是人,则关系词用则关系词用whom4)表所属关系时用表所属关系时用of which/whom The boy whose/of whom the parents are both doctors won the first place in the exam.5)表原因，用表原因，用for whichIs this the reason Is this the reason why(for which)why(for which)he refused our offer?he refused our offer?介词关系词介词关系词结构中介词的确定结构中介词的确定来源于构成完整时间、地点状语所需补出的介来源于构成完整时间、地点状语所需补出的介词词 This is the mountain village _ I stayed last year.Ill never forget the days _ I worked together with you.来源于动词短语来源于动词短语 He is really the person _ whom we have a lot to learn.The girl _ whom you are talking is working for an international organization.关系代词关系代词as 的用法的用法 n1)the sameas；suchas 中的中的as 是一种固定结是一种固定结构构,和和一样一样。例如：。例如：I have got into the same trouble as he(has).n2)as可引导非限制性从句，常带有可引导非限制性从句，常带有正如正如。例如：。例如：As we know,smoking is harmful to ones health.As is known,smoking is harmful to ones health.nas是关系代词。例是关系代词。例1中的中的as作作know的宾语；例的宾语；例2中，中，它充当从句的主语，谓语动词它充当从句的主语，谓语动词know要用被动式。要用被动式。what/whatevern1）what=the thing which；whatever=anything。e.g.nWhat you want has been sent here.你要的动词你要的动词都送来了。都送来了。nWhatever you want makes no difference to me.不管你要什么，跟我没什么关系。不管你要什么，跟我没什么关系。who/whoevernwho=the person that whoever=anyone who e.g.n（WRONG）Who breaks the law will be punished.n（WRONG）Whoever robbed the bank is not clear.n（RIGHT）Whoever breaks the law will be punished.王子犯法，与庶民同罪。王子犯法，与庶民同罪。n（RIGHT）Who robbed the bank is not clear.谁抢谁抢了银行还不清楚。了银行还不清楚。先行词和关系词二合一先行词和关系词二合一 n1）Whoever spits in public will be punished here.（Whoever 可以用可以用 anyone who 代替）代替）n2）The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.（what 可以用可以用all that代替）代替）n1.City people in Britain and the US stand closer than those_live in other countries.n2.The old lady used to stand in front of the window,though _she could see what was happening.n3.The international research group was made up of 20 scientists,three of _ are experts on DNA.n4.Lost in the thick forest,the old man had got no person_he could turn for help.用关系词填空用关系词填空Practice:n5.Jackie,_life had once been very hard,become a well-known actor.n6.Do you still remember the days _ we spent happily together last year.n7.The tree,_ leaves have turned red,was planted by my uncle.n8.The boy,one of _ is my brother,are making a plan for the weekend.用关系词填空用关系词填空Fill in the blanks with proper prepositions1.The sun gives us heat and light,_ which 1.The sun gives us heat and light,_ which we cant live.we cant live.2.The student _ whom we were talking 2.The student _ whom we were talking just now is the best student in our class.just now is the best student in our class.3.Ill never forget the day _ which she said 3.Ill never forget the day _ which she said good-bye to me.good-bye to me.4.Is that the newspaper _which you often write 4.Is that the newspaper _which you often write articles?articles?5.1949 was the year _which the P.R.C.was 5.1949 was the year _which the P.R.C.was founded.founded.withoutwithoutabout/toabout/toononforforin in1.Im using the pen which he bought it yesterday.2.Is that factory which your father once worked in?3.The man whom I spoke is from Canada.4.July 1,1999 is the day when well never forget.5.I still remember the holidays I stayed with them.6.Im going to work in the hospital where needs me.Proofread the sentencesthe onetowhen which/that which/that7.Which is known to all,many satellites are going around in the sky.8.I dont like the way which you talked to your friend.9.This is the last time when Ive given you lessons.10.Soon they came to a farm house,and in front of which sat a small boy.11.We heard the news which our team won the game.12.The reason which he explained it sounds reasonable.Language studyLanguage studyProofread the sentencesthat in which/thatthatwhyAs
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