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Revision:Lesson14DoyouspeakEnglish?Keystructure:过去完成时(9AUnit5):主主+had+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词时间状语从句中，如果两个动作都发生在过去，同时发生，要用过去进行时态；如果一先一后发生，先发生的动作用过去完成时，后发生的动作用一般过去时。Specialdifficulties:ask&askforexcept&exceptfor&besides&apartfromeitherof&neitherof&bothof&allofExercises:1.Themanof_experiencesaidhehad_veryinterestingexperiencetheotherday.A./;/B.a;/C./;aD.a;a2.He_inthefactoryforthreeyearsbeforehejoinedtheArmy.A.worksB.hadworkedC.willworkD.hasworked3.Ilike_ofthebooks,thatis,Idontlike_ofthedesigns.A.either;neitherB.neither;oneC.neither;eitherD.either;both4.We_(paint)thehousebeforewe_(move)in.5.Thatricholdman_(make)awillbeforehe_(die).6.Therobbers_(runaway)beforethepolicemen_(arrive).7.Paul_(go)outwithJaneafterhe_(turn off)thelight.8.WhenI_(arrive)atthestation,he_(leave).hadpaintedmovedhadmadediedhadrunawayarrivedwenthadturnedoffarrivedhadleftWhatsthatgoodnews?secretary【sekrtri】n.秘书,书记；(英）大臣，（美）部长secretn.秘密keepasecret保守秘密thesecretofsuccess成功的秘密secret(秘密秘密)+ary（人）（人）=secretary（秘书）（秘书）aprivatesecretary私人秘书Secretary-general秘书长SecretaryofState（美）国务卿nervousadj.担忧的，紧张的Theexamiscoming,soIfeelverynervous.IfeltverynervouswhenIwentintohisoffice.Getnervous变得紧张Ialwaysgetsonervousaboutgoingonstage.Dontbenervous!别紧张！扩展：nervous 的近义词：的近义词：uneasy;restlessnervous:事情正在发生事情正在发生worried:为以后的事情担心为以后的事情担心upset:不安的，事情发生以后不安的，事情发生以后nerve n:v n.神经神经affordfdIhavealotofmoney,soIcouldaffordanapartment.v.买得起，经受得住，承担得起affordsth:e.g.Icanaffordthebook.affordmoney/time:e.g.Icanaffordfiveyuan.affordtodosth:e.g.Icanaffordtobuythebook.注意：afford一般和can,could,beableto连用，没有被动语态。StrongWeak adj.弱的wikWeak adj.1.虚弱的She is still weak after her long illness.2.懦弱的He is a man of weak character.3.(能力等)弱的,差的(+at/in)He was weak in mathematics,but good at English.aweakbuilding一座不牢固的建筑aweaksmile一个淡淡的微笑weaksunlight微弱的阳光New Word-5Interrupt ntrpt v.1.打断(讲话或讲话人)Interruptsb打断某人的话Dontinterruptme.Itisrudetointerrupt.Youinterruptedmythoughts.2.中断;遮断;阻碍Trafficinthecitywasinterruptedbyasnowstorm.Extra ekstradj.额外的extratime加时赛Thefootballmatchwentintoextratime.extrawork额外工作extrapayforextrawork额外工作的额外报酬n.号外，临时演员Heworkedasanextraforthreeyears.Keywordsandexpressions秘书秘书感到紧张感到紧张进入他的办公室进入他的办公室从他的桌子抬头看从他的桌子抬头看进入进入负担得起做某事负担得起做某事薪水薪水用微弱的声音用微弱的声音插话，打断插话，打断收到收到secretaryfeel nervousgo into his officelook up from his deskenterafford to do sthsalaryin a weak voiceinterruptreceiveTextThe secretary told me that Mr.Harmsworth would see me.I felt very nervous when I went into his office.He did not look up from his desk when I entered.After I had sat down,he said that business was very bad.He told me that the firm could not afford to pay such large salaries.Twenty people had already left.I knew that my turn had come.Mr.Harmsworth,I said in a weak voice.Dont interrupt,he said.Then he smiled and told me I would receive an extra thousand pounds a year!textThe secretary told me that Mr.Harmsworth would see me.Would在这里不单单指过去将来时，更表示想，要 例：What would you like to have?He did not look up from his desk when I entered.look up表示先埋头干什么，之后抬头看。还可以做”查字典“的意思。反义词：look down 向下看 He looked up(from his book)when he heard a noise.The little boy looked up at his father with wild eyes.Students can look up the new words in the dictionary.look down on/upon sb.瞧不起某人（词义非常重）We shouldnt look down upon others.lookaround lookaround lookoutlookoutHetoldmethatthefirmcouldnotaffordtopay such large salaries.pay salary 支付薪水支付薪水 collect salary 领薪水领薪水1）such+a/an+形容词可数名词单数so+形容词a/an+可数名词单数；2）so+many/few+可数名词复数，但：such+其他形容词（many/few除外）可数名词复数；3）so+much/little+不可数名词，但：such+其他形容词（much/little除外）不可数名词 so,such区区别:He is so kind(a man)that everyone likes him.He walked so fast that I couldnt catch up with him.He is such a kind man that everyone likes him.They are such kind people that everyone likes them.Ive never eaten such delicious food.so+adj./adv.+(可数名词单数可数名词单数)such+a/an+(adj.)+可数名词单数可数名词单数such+(adj.)+不可数名词不可数名词such+(adj.)+可数名词复数可数名词复数Practice:用so,such填空 1.He is _a good student that we all like him.2.He is _good a student that we all like him.3.It was _bad weather that he had to stay at home.4.Ive had _many falls than Im black and blue all over.5.The story is _so_ amusing that everyone is amused.suchsosuchsoTwenty people had already left.I knew that my turn had come.有20个人己经离去,我知道这次该轮到我了。My turn has come.（书面语）Its my turn.（口语）Mr.Harmsworth,I said in a weak voice.Dont interrupt,he said in a.voice in a loud/low/weak/strong voice（low:音量低；weak:心里不塌实，微弱的声音；strong强有力的声音）Then he smiled and told me I would receive an extra thousand pounds a year!一千英镑 a thousand pounds 两千英镑 two thousand pounds 额外的一千英镑 an extra thousand pounds 额外的两千英镑 two extra thousand pounds 数词数词+extra+名词名词“额外的额外的.”Please give me two extra ice-creams.On Sundays,I usually get some extra sleep.extra&other&more&another 最灵活的是more,可以放数词和名词之间，甚至可以放在整个名词的后面;extra和other一定放在数词和名词之间;another一定放在数词前面。记住几个短语：one extra thousand;two others;once more;another three daysGrammar直接引语和间接引语 Direct Speech and Indirect Speech1.He said that business was very bad.2.He told me that the firm could not afford to pay such large salaries.3.He said:“Dont interrupt.”4.He smiled and told me I would receive an extra thousand pounds a year!直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语Direct Speech and Indirect Speech直接引述直接引述别人的话，叫“直接引语直接引语”;用自己的话转述转述别人的话叫“间接引语间接引语”;直接引语一般前后要加引号;间接引语不用引号。如:John said,“I like reading very much.”John said that he liked reading very much.把直接引语变为间接引语时，可用动词say,tell,后面可跟人名或者代词，然后以that引导出意思。在动词say后，that可省略。无论人称、时态如何千变万化，只需要记住一句话规律：【根据语境，从实际情况需要出发。】比如：转换中的要点1-人称的转换Grammer-2 直接引语转换间接引语1 直接引语中的第一人称，一般转换为第三人称，如：He said，“I am very sorry.”He said that he was very sorry.2直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对转述人说的，转换为第一人称，如：“Youshouldbemorecarefulnexttime,”myfathertoldme.MyfathertoldmethatIshouldbemorecarefulthenexttime.转换中的要点1-人称的转换Grammer-2 直接引语转换间接引语3 直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对第三人称说的，转换成第三人称。如：She said to her son,“Ill check your homework tonight.”She said to her son that she would check his homework that night.4人称的转换包括人称代词、物主代词和名词性物主代词等。如：Heaskedme,“Willyougotothestationwithmetomeetafriendofminethisafternoon?”HeaskedmewhetherIwouldgotothestationwithhimtomeetafriendofhisthatafternoon.总之，人称的转换不是固定的，具体情况，具体对待，要符合逻辑。直接引直接引语(变化前化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)一般现在时一般现在时“I know it,”he said.一般过去时Hesaidthatheknewit.转换中的要点总结2-时态的转换1Grammer-2 直接引语转换间接引语直接引直接引语(变化前化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)现在进行时现在进行时“Im making coffee for you all,”she said.过去进行时Shesaidshewasmakingcoffeeforusall.2.6 转换中的要点总结2-时态的转换2Grammer-2 直接引语转换间接引语直接引直接引语(变化前化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)一般过去时一般过去时“I saw her last Monday,”he said.过去完成时HesaidhehadseenherthepreviousMonday.2.6 转换中的要点总结2-时态的转换3Grammer-2 直接引语转换间接引语直接引直接引语(变化前化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)过去进行时过去进行时“I was waiting for Jim,”she said.过去完成去完成进行行时ShesaidshehadbeenwaitingforJim.2.6 转换中的要点总结2-时态的转换4Grammer-2 直接引语转换间接引语直接引直接引语(变化前化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)现在完成时现在完成时“I have seen her before,”said he.过去完成时Hesaidhehadseenherbefore.2.6 转换中的要点总结2-时态的转换5Grammer-2 直接引语转换间接引语直接引直接引语(变化前化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)现在完成进行时现在完成进行时He said,“I have been doing it for hours.”过去完成进行时Hesaidhehadbeendoingitforhours.2.6 转换中的要点总结2-时态的转换6Grammer-2 直接引语转换间接引语直接引直接引语(变化前化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)过去完成时过去完成时“Do you know Rick had been ill in bed for many days till he died?”Jack asked.过去完成时JackaskedifIknewRickhadbeenillinbedformanydaystillhedied.2.6 转换中的要点总结2-时态的转换7Grammer-2 直接引语转换间接引语直接引直接引语(变化前化前)间接引语间接引语(变化后变化后)一般将来时一般将来时He said:“We shall start tomorrow.”过去将来时Hesaidtheywouldstartthenextday.2.6 转换中的要点总结2-时态的转换8Grammer-2 直接引语转换间接引语由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况下从句的时态不变:1.不变的真理不变的真理 The teacher said to the students,“Water freezes when the temperature falls below 0.”The teacher told the students that water freezes when the temperature falls below 0.2.7 转换中的要点总结3-特例说明1Grammer-2 直接引语转换间接引语由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况下从句的时态不变:2.当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时，如：当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时，如：He always says,“I am tired out.”He always says that he is tired out.2.7 转换中的要点总结3-特例说明2Grammer-2 直接引语转换间接引语由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况下从句的时态不变:3.当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候，如：当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候，如：He will say,“Ill try my best to help you.”He will say that he will try his best to help me.2.7 转换中的要点总结3-特例说明3Grammer-2 直接引语转换间接引语1.He asked _ for the computer.A.did I pay how much B.I paid how much C.how much did I pay D.how much I paid2.He said,“Mother,the boy is very naughty.”He _-very naughty.A.said his mother that the boy was B.said to his mother that the boy is C.told his mother that the boy was D.spoke to his mother that the boy wasExercise 单项选择Exercise 填空1.“I never eat meat.”he said.He said that _ never _ meat.2.“Ive found my wallet.”he said to me.He _ me that he _ _ _ wallet.3.“I met her yesterday.”he said to me.He _ me that he _ met the day _.4.“You must come here before five.”he said.He said that I _ to go _ before five.1、我知道你是对的。、我知道你是对的。2、Mary告诉我她已经完成了家庭作业。告诉我她已经完成了家庭作业。3、我听说（、我听说（hear）她明天将会去香港。）她明天将会去香港。4、我想、我想Jim现在正在听音乐。现在正在听音乐。5、Lisa说说Ken昨天没有去学校。昨天没有去学校。试试 一一 试试I know/knew that you are/were right.Mary told me that she had already done her homework.I heard that she would go to Hong Kong tomorrow.I think Jim is listening to music now.Lisa says that Ken didnt go to school yesterday.The _ told me that Mr.Harmsworth _ see me.I felt very _when I _ into his office.He did not look up _ his desk when I _.After I had sat down,he said that _ was very bad.He told me that the firm _ not afford to pay _ large salaries._ people had already left.I knew that _ turn had come.I said _ a weak voice:“Mr.Harmsworth.”But he told me not to _ him.Then he _ and told me I would _ an extra thousand pounds _ year!secretarywouldnervouswentfromenteredbusinesscouldsuchTwentymyininterruptsmiledreceivea结束语当你尽了自己的最大努力时，失败也是伟大的，所以不要放弃，坚持就是正确的。WhenYouDoYourBest,FailureIsGreat,SoDonTGiveUp,StickToTheEnd感谢聆听不足之处请大家批评指导PleaseCriticizeAndGuideTheShortcomings演讲人：XXXXXX时 间：XX年XX月XX日
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