工程项目管理英文ppt课件

Basic ConceptsJiwei MaProject ManagementBasic ConceptsProject Manageme1Basic ConceptsoConcept of projectoProject as a systemoWork Breakdown Structure(WBS)oProject ManagementBasic ConceptsConcept of proje2What Is A Project?oOrganize 2008 Olympic gameoDevelop a software productoWrite software programoHire an accountantoInterview applicants for the accountant positionoPurchase a houseoPurchase gasoline for your caroOrganize a conferenceoSet up a weekly meetingWhat Is A Project?Organize 2003Concept of ProjectoMain features of a projectnOne-time,non-repetitivenOne of the kindnConstrained by resources and environmental conditionsnCertain lifecycleConcept of ProjectMain feature4Concept of ProjectProject is a one-time effort with clear objectives for the accomplishment of certain specific product or serviceConcept of ProjectProject is a5oOne-timenDefinite and clear starting/ending pointoEffortnNumber of personnel and various resources involvedoObjectivenRequirement of certain quality standard with limited time and moneyoSpecificnDifferent from all previous product or serviceOne-time6Concept of ProjectoProject objectivesnQualityoThe desired function or required standardnCostoThe monetary resource needed to accomplish the projectnTimeoThe specified length of the project courseConcept of ProjectProject obje7Project TriangleScopeScopeCostQualityTimeProject TriangleScopeCostQuali8Relations among Project ObjectivesRelations among Project ObjectivesReduce time-Improve cost-effectivenessReduce time-Increase costHigher quality Less timeLess time More quality defectsImproved quality Reduce maintenance costIncrease investment Improve QualityCostTimeQualityObjective TriangleRelations among Project Object9Concept of ProjectoProject components the essential elements of a project which serve the main purpose or carry out the major designed functions of the projectnSubprojectsnFunctional subsystemsnSingle objectsoA hierarchical structure-Project structure-can be used as a tool to illustrate project componentsConcept of ProjectProject comp10Project Components Project StructureProjectSubproject 1Subproject 2Subproject 3Subproject Subsystem 22Subsystem 21Subsystem Object 221Object 222Object 223Object Project Components Project S11Concept of ProjectoProject Process the major periods needed to go through to accomplish the projectnDecision makingnDesign/PlanningnExecutionnOperationnCloseoutoA network diagram or bar chart will be used to illustrate activities as well as their inter-relationship and inter-dependencyConcept of ProjectProject Proc12Construction Project PhasingImplementationDecision MakingDesign PreparationDesignConstructionOperationCloseoutDecision MakingProject ProposalFeasibility StudyDesign SpecificationPreliminary DesignDesign DevelopmentConstruction DocumentConstructionAcceptanceTIMEStart upConstruction Project PhasingIm13Network DiagramNetwork Diagram14Concept of ProjectoFunctional works the major functions needed to be performed to jointly or consecutively accomplish the project,nFund raisingnAdministration/managementnPlanningnProcurementnControllingnCoordination/collaborationnCommunication and information managementnInspection and acceptancenOperationnProject closeoutConcept of ProjectFunctional w15Concept of ProjectoProject Participants the personnel or the parties who perform various functional works,nInvestornDevelopernPlannernPurchasing personnelnControllernInspectornOperation personnelnoA chart called project organization structure is often used to illustrate project participants and their inter-relationship within a project systemConcept of ProjectProject Part16Project OwnerInvestorsGovernment BodyFacility ServicesNeighborsConsultantsDesignersContractorsSuppliers/VendorsConstruction Project ParticipantsProject OwnerGovernment B17PresidentRepresent.AssistantProject ControllingControllingConsultingSecretary OfficeAdmin.Info.Design Manage.Construct.Manag.Architectural&building equipmentProductionBedding&contract administrationSite managementCost ControlDesignerContractorOwnerImplementAG1G11G12BB1B2CDFD1D2F1F2CommitteeMaterial PurchasingProduction equipment procure,contract administrationProduction equip.vendorConstruction mat.supplierEE1Construction mat.Equipment procurement,contract administrationE2AdministrationSubmit for approvalScheduling and controlAccountingSupervisionC1C2C3C4A1A2PresidentRepresent.AssistantPr18Project As a SystemoSystem definitionnAny group of entities which are functionally interdependent can be called a systemnAny group of entities which are interrelated so as to perform some function,or reach some goal,can be seen to be acting as a systemoFocus of system theorynSub-systemoInterrelated in the pursuit of goals or objectivesnPrimary task of the systemoThe things the organization must to do to surviveProject As a SystemSystem defi19Project As a SystemoImportant ConceptsnLarge system comprise smaller sub-systems which share the goals or primary task of larger systemnSub-systems are independently work together towards the common goalnSub-systems form a hierarchy of systemsnSystem interacts with its environment,and affected by environmental constraints or influencesnThe environment is not part of the system it does not share the goals of the systemProject As a SystemImportant C20Project As a SystemoImportant ConceptsnThe system receives inputs from and exports outputs to the environment through sort of internal conversion processnA permeable boundary exists between the system and its environmentn“Boundary Management”is a key system conceptnPart of the outputs is fed back to become an input and thus to establish a cycle of events which enable the system to monitor it own behaviorProject As a SystemImportant C21Construction System ModelConstruction Production ManagementManagement SystemInformation SystemStrategic SystemOrganizational SystemSocial SystemEnvironmental SystemManpower ManagementMaterials ManagementPlant ManagementFinancial ManagementConstruction System ModelConst22Project As A SystemObjectivesAltogether form the essential part of a project systemAny two or three of them will jointly describe certain aspect of a projectComponentsProcessFunctionsParticipantsProject As A SystemObjectivesA23Project As A SystemoObjectives+ComponentsnDescribe the project objective system,which includes the cost,time and quality objective of every single object in the projectnProject objective can be break down based on the structure of project componentProject As A SystemObjectives 24Project As A SystemoObjectives+ProcessnDescribe the project objective milestones,which includes the cost,time and quality objective of every major phasenProject objective can be strictly controlled according to those periodical objectivesProject As A SystemObjectives 25Project As A SystemoObjectives+ParticipantsnDescribe the objectives of all participants from their own standing pointnObjectives are planned,monitored and controlled according to participants own interestProject As A SystemObjectives 26Project As A SystemoComponents+ParticipantsnDescribe the assigned tasks of all participantsnProject tasks can be divided,viewed,and evaluated accordinglyoComponents+ProcessnProject As A SystemComponents 27Project As A SystemoComponents+Functional worksnDescribe all the tasks and activities need to be carried out to accomplish the projectnCan be used as tool for work breakdownProject As A SystemComponents 28Work Breakdown StructureoA complex project is made easy to deal with by first breaking it down into individual activities in a hierarchical structure,known as WBSoIt defines tasks that can be completed independently of other tasks,facilitatingnResource allocationnAssignment of responsibilitiesnMeasurement and control of the projectWork Breakdown StructureA comp29Work Breakdown StructureoHigher levels in the hierarchical structure are generally performed by groupsoThe lowest level in the structure often comprises activities performed by individualsoIt is the key tonScope managementnTeam assignmentnAccurate trackingnEffective controlWork Breakdown StructureHigher30Work Breakdown StructureoWork breakdown structure can be done like this:nThe project manager lists everything should be done in the projectnThen the stakeholders put up their“to do”list with requirementsoThen the project will have unneeded tasks,and scope will continually expandoThen the project will run over time,over budget,and even with dissatisfied qualityxWork Breakdown StructureWork b31Work Breakdown StructureoWork breakdown structure can be done like this:nFirst break down into componentsnThen break down into processnThen oThe lowest level should not be too detailed,nResult in micro-managementoThe tasks should not be too largenResult in inefficient ManagementWork Breakdown StructureWork b32工程项目管理英文ppt课件33Clear ObjectivesLimited resourcesHigh complexity+Panic!Project Management!Clear ObjectivesLimited resour34What is Management?ProblemPlanningDecisionExecutionCheck-Various alternative solutions-Evaluation of those alternatives-Selection of one solution-Implementation of the solution-Accomplished?-Any problem remained?New ProblemWhat is Management?ProblemPlan35Project ManagementoProject management is a carefully planned and organized effort by all participants through the whole course of a project to accomplish the project on time,within cost and to required quality standard through project planning and project controlling.PM=PP+PCProject ManagementProject mana36 PlanActualControlControl PlanControlControl37Mission of Project ManagementTo control the changing process in a dynamic environmentTo pursue harmony in chaotic realityMission of Project ManagementT38Project ManagementoKey issues of project managementnCost controlnTime controlnQuality controlnCoordinationnInformation managementnContract administrationnSafety managementProject ManagementKey issues o39Project Management TasksDecision MakingPlanningExecutionOperationCloseoutCost ControlTime ControlQuality ControlCoordinationInformation ManagementContract AdministrationSafety ManagementProject Management TasksDecisi40Project Management ToolsoProject structureoProject organization chartoContract structureoWork breakdown structureoContract work breakdown structureoCost breakdown chartoInformation system chartoInformation flow diagramoTask arrangement tableoManagement responsibility tableoWorkflow diagramoProject Management ToolsProjec41Project Management KnowledgeoKnowledge structure defined by PMI(Project Management Institute):nIntegrated ManagementnScope ManagementnTime ManagementnCost ManagementnQuality ManagementnHuman Resource ManagementnCommunication ManagementnRisk ManagementnProcurement ManagementProject Management KnowledgeKn42Project Management KnowledgeoKnowledge structure defined by CII(Construction Industry Institute):nFront-End PlanningnDesignnProcurementnConstructionnStartup and OperationnPeoplenOrganizationProject Management KnowledgeKn43Project Management KnowledgeoKnowledge structure defined by CII(Construction Industry Institute):nProject ProcessesnProject ControlsnContractsnSafety,Health and EnvironmentnInformation Management and Technology SystemnGlobalization IssuesnSecurityProject Management KnowledgeKn44Project Management IsnotArtnotKnowledgePractice!Project Management IsnotArtnot45Thank YouJiwei M Thank YouJiwei Ma46