定语从句关系代词讲解课堂课件

Step1:Revision1.Basicknowledgeaboutattributiveclauses.定语从句在句子中起定语作用，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可修饰一个句子。受定语从句修饰的词叫_，定语从句通常由关系代词_或关系副词_ 引导，这些词既指代主句中的先行词,又充当定语从句中的某个成分。定语从句可分为：限制性定语从句和_定语从句。先行词that,which,who,whom,whosewhen,where,why非限制性as12020/4/4Step 1:Revision1.Basic knowl关系词的作用：1、连接作用把主句和从句连接起来2、替代作用在从句中代替在它前面的先行词3、成分作用在从句中充当一个成分22020/4/4关系词的作用：1、连接作用把主句和从句连接起来2、替代作用在He is the man(that)I told you about.1.that 指人指人/物，作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语可省略）作宾语可省略）A plane is a machine that can fly.My hometown is not the one(that)it used to be.32020/4/4He is the man(that)I told you2.which 指物，指物，作主语或宾语作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略作宾语可省略)These are the trees whichwere plantedlast year.This recorder（which）he is using ismade in Japan.Is this the library(which)you borrow books from?42020/4/42.which 指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)The关系代词:3.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）The man whoI talked with is our teacher.A person whosteals things is called a thief.4.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略)The man(whom/who)I nodded to is Mr.Li.52020/4/4关系代词:3.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Th?5.Whose 既可以修饰人也可以修饰物,在句子中作定语，不可以省略。?ThechildwhoseparentsaredeadisTom?Thebookwhosecoverislostbelongstome.62020/4/4?5.Whose 既可以修饰人也可以修饰物,在句子中作定语，关系词先行词所指关系词在句中作用是否可省关系代词that人/物主、宾、表宾可省which物主、宾、宾可省who人主、宾宾可省whom人宾可whose人/物定不可as人/物/事情主、宾、表宾可省关系副词when时间时间状语不可where地点地点状语不可why原因原因状语不可72020/4/4关系词先行词所指关系词在句中作用是否可省关系代词that人/1.先行词是不定代词 all,few,little,much,anything,something,nothing,everything等时。等时。Do youknow everything(that)hesaid?Heboughtnothing(that)hewasinterestedin.Little thatis importantis done.2.先行词被all,any,every,few,little,no,some等修饰时。All the booksthatwerepublishedlastyearwereveryvaluable.Every boy(that)theteachertaughtin thatschoolis smart.3.先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级以及 the only,the very,the last等词修饰时。Thisis the very book(that)I amlooking after.The only computerthatwasboughtin theshoppingmall is broken.关系代词只能用that不用which.82020/4/41.先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,?4.先行词同时包含了人和物时。Hestillremembers thethingsandthepersons(that)heknewatschooltenyearsago.?5.先行词在定语从句中作 tobe的表语时。Theboyisthatboy(that)heusedtobe?6.以who或者which 开头的句子里含有定语从句并且关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语时。Who isthemanthathelpedyouwithyourEnglish？Whichisthemachinethatwasproducedbyyourfactory?92020/4/4?4.先行词同时包含了人和物时。He still rememPractice1.The man _stands there is Tom.2.The girl _ I met is Ms Li.3.The boy _watch was lost is Tom.4.The book _ lies on the desk is his.5.The pen _ you bought is good.6.The magazine _ cover is red is nice.who/that(whom/that)whosewhich/that(which/that)whose102020/4/4Practice1.The man _stapractice1.Everything_you say to him goes in one ear and out the other.2.All _ is needed is a supply of oil.3.The train is the last_ will go to Shanghai.4.The boy and the dog _ are in the picture are very lovely.5.The firstlesson _ I learned will be forgotten6.The way _you are doing it is completely crazy.thatthatthatthatthatthat112020/4/4practice1.Everything_you sayI dont like the way(that/in which)he speaks to me.注意:当先行词是the way时,关系词用:that/不填/in which.122020/4/4I dont like the way(that/inWhich用法which可以 引导非 限制性定语从句，that不能。He had failed in the mathsexam，which made his fathervery angry.which可以 用在介 词后，that不可。That isthe houseinwhichMark Twain used to live一个句子中若有两个定语从句，一个用 that引导。另一个不能再用that，而用which。HeboughtanAmericanmagazine that could give himsomuchEnglishknowledgeand which could help him tokill the time132020/4/4Which 用法which可以引导非限制性定语从句，tha5.Whose注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：the+n+ofwhich;ofwhich+the+n.指人时，常用下列结构来代替：the+n+ofwhom;ofwhom+the+n.Doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisgreen?Doyoulikethebookofwhichthecoverisgreen?142020/4/45.Whose注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：the+n?6.as通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做主语/宾语。当先行词受as,such,thesame修饰时，关系词常用as。?Ihaveneverheardsuchstoriesashetells.?ThisisthesamedictionaryasIlostlastweek.?注意：当先行词受thesame修饰时，偶尔也用 that表同一个，但as表同一类。?SheworethesamedressthatsheworeatMary swedding.?Sheworethesamedressasheryoungersisterwore.152020/4/4?6.as 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做主语/宾语。当This is the same pen _I lost yesterday.A.as B.thatC.the one D.A&B D比较：.the same pen as I lost.表示这支笔与我不见的那支很像。则表示这支笔就是我不见的那支。.the same pen that I lost.162020/4/4This is the same pen _I l区别：such.assuch.as引导定语从句He is such a clever boy as everyone likes.引导结果状语从句such.thatHe is such a clever boy that everyone likes.他是一个人人喜欢的聪明的男孩。他是一个聪明的男孩以致人人喜欢他。172020/4/4区别：such.as引导定语从句He is sucha?which和as都可以引导非限制性定语从句as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后甚至可以分割主句。which引导的非限性定语从句只能放在 主句之后。另外，as常有“正如”“正像”的含义。?Chinaisadevelopingcountry，asisknowntoall?众所周知，中国是发展中国家。?John asyouknow，isawriter?正如你所知，约翰是个作家。?Hewasveryrudetothecustomsofficer，whichofcoursemadethingsevenworse?他对海关官员非常无礼，这当然使事情更糟糕了。182020/4/4?which和as都可以引导非限制性定语从句as引导的非限制