建筑系专业英语课件

建筑系专业英语课件1建筑系专业英语课件2建筑系专业英语课件3What do we expect out of windows?What do we expect out of windo4建筑系专业英语课件5I need a room overlooking sea.建筑系专业英语课件6建筑系专业英语课件7建筑系专业英语课件8建筑系专业英语课件9建筑系专业英语课件10建筑系专业英语课件11建筑系专业英语课件12建筑系专业英语课件13建筑系专业英语课件14?15建筑系专业英语课件16建筑系专业英语课件17建筑系专业英语课件18Also we repeat,obviously this figure will vary enormously from one part of the world to another.Also we repeat,obviously this figure will vary enormously from one part of a building to another.Also we repeat,obviously this19It is fairly reasonable to believe that the floor/window ratio,though different in different regions,may be more or less constant within any given region.It is fairly reasonable to bel20It is fairly reasonable to believe that the floor/window ratio,though different in different culture,may be more or less constant within any given region.It is fairly reasonable to bel21建筑系专业英语课件22建筑系专业英语课件23建筑系专业英语课件24建筑系专业英语课件25建筑系专业英语课件26建筑系专业英语课件27It is fairly reasonable to believe that the floor/window ratio,though different in different programs,may be more or less constant within any given region.It is fairly reasonable to bel28建筑系专业英语课件29建筑系专业英语课件30It is fairly reasonable to believe that the floor/window ratio,though different in different times,may be more or less constant within any given region.It is fairly reasonable to bel31建筑系专业英语课件32建筑系专业英语课件33建筑系专业英语课件34192 WINDOWS OVERLOOKING LIFE floor/window ratio 192 WINDOWS OVERLOOKING LIFE 35It is fairly reasonable to believe that the floor/window ratio,though different in different regions,may be more or less constant within any given region.It is fairly reasonable to bel36Also we repeat,obviously this figure will vary enormously from one part of the world to another.Imagine:Antarctica,Northern Norway,Italy,Brazilian jungle.Also we repeat,obviously this figure will vary enormously from one part of the world to another.Imagine:Beijing,Shanghai,Huizhou,guangzhou.Also we repeat,obviously this37What is the best approach to OVERLOOKING LIFE?What is the best approach to O38建筑系专业英语课件39建筑系专业英语课件40建筑系专业英语课件41建筑系专业英语课件42建筑系专业英语课件43建筑系专业英语课件44建筑系专业英语课件45建筑系专业英语课件46Dormer windowsRoof windowsTiny balconyFrench windowsDouble-hung windowsSliding windowsSide hung casementOpen stairDormer windowsRoof windowsTiny47225 FRAMES AS THICKENED EDGES 门窗边缘加厚门窗边缘加厚225 FRAMES AS 门窗边缘加厚48Any homogeneous membrane which has holes in it will tend to rupture at the holes,unless the edges of the holes are reinforced by thickening.The most familiar example of this principle at work is in the human face itself.Both eyes and mouth are surrounded by extra bone and flesh.It is this thickening,around the eyes and mouth,which gives them their character and helps to make them such important parts of human physiognomy.Any homogeneous membrane which49It is this thickening,around the eyes and mouth,which gives them their character.It is this thickening,around50A building also has its eyes and mouth:the windows and the doors.And following the principle which we observe in nature,almost every building has its windows and doors elaborated,made more special,by just the kind of thickening we see in eyes and mouths.A building also has its eyes a51建筑系专业英语课件52The fact that openings in naturally occurring membranes are invariably thickened can be easily explained by considering how the lines of force in the membrane must flow around the hole.The increasing density of lines of force around the perimeter of the hole requires that additional material be generated there to prevent tearing.The fact that openings in natu53建筑系专业英语课件54The same is true for doors and windows in a building.Where the walls are made of wood planks and lightweight concrete fill-see WALL MEMBRANES(218)-the thickened frames can be made from the same wood planks,placed to form a bulge,and then filled to be continuous with the wall.If other types of skin are used in the wall membranes,there will be other kinds of thickening:edges formed with chicken wire,burlap,and resin,filled with concrete;edges formed with chicken wire filled with rubble,and then mortar,plaster;edges formed with brick,filled,then plastered.The same is true for doors and55More general examples of frames as thickened edges exist all over the world.They include the thickening of the mud around the windows of a mud hut,the use of stone edges to the opening in a brick wall because the stone is stronger,the extra stone around the windows in a gothic church.More general examples of frame56Therefore:Do not consider door and window frames as separate rigid structures which are inserted into holes in walls.Think of them instead as thickenings of the very fabric of the wall itself,made to protect the wall against the concentrations of stress which develop around openings.In line with this conception,build the frames as thickenings of the wall material,continuous with the wall itself,made of the same materials,and poured,or built up,in a manner which is continuous with the structure of the wall.Therefore:57ENDEND58建筑系专业英语课件59