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Unit 4EarthquakeLearningaboutlanguageUnit 4Discovering useful words and expressions1Findthecorrectwordorexpressionforeachofthefollowingmeanings.1._ofnouse2._allthepeopleinacountry3._alotof4._matterthatnotclean5._finished6._verygreatindegree7._immediatelyuselessnationagreatnumberofdirtatan endextremerightawayDiscovering useful words and e8._gasthathotwatergivesout9._makesomeonefeelverysurprised10._metalbarsthatatrainmovesalong11._savesomethingorsomebodyfromdanger12._thepartofabuildingleftaftertheresthasbeendestroyedsteamshocktrackrescueruin8._ gas that hot water g2 What words would be used when we talk about earthquakes?EarthquakesFeelingssadnervouslonelydamageshomesmoneyRescue workdoctorsnursessoldierseventsSanFranciscoTangshanWenchuanbuildingslives2 What words would be used Ear Itwasafrighteningnight.Thedamcrackedandthen_undertheweightofthewater.Thewaterwentalloverthefieldsand_quiteafewvillagesalongtheriver.burstdestroyed3 Complete the passage with words from the text.It was a frightening night.Somebuildingswerein_andsomefarmerswere_atthetopoftheirhouses.Thewaterfilledthecanalsandthe_.Deadbodiesand_animalswereseeneverywhere.Peoplewere_,buttheyhadto_deadbodiesforhealthreasons.Itwasaverysadtime.ruinstrappedwellsinjuredshockedburySome buildings were in _ 4 Work in groups.Read some of the sentences and complete the others.Whentheearthquakecame,itwasasiftheworldwasatanend.Whenthehousesfelldown,itsoundedasif_.amountainhadblownup4 Work in groups.Read some oWhenthedambroke,itlookedasiftheseahadarrivedsuddenlyonourdoorstep.Whenthebrickscoveredtheground,itwasasif_.Whenthecoalminesfell,thegroundabovelookedasifitwouldcrack.Whenthecowsrandowntheroad,theylookedasif_.stoneswereflowinglikewatertheyweredrivenbyanunseenhandWhen the dam broke,it looked Whentheshockhitus,wefeltasifweweregoingtodie.Whenthenationturnedtohelpusinourneed,itseemedasif_.allChinawasthinkingofusandwascomingtoouraidWhen the shock hit us,we feltGrammar TheAttributiveClauseGrammar The Attributive ClauseDeclanisafamoussinger.Hesingsthesongtell me why.Declanisafamoussingerwhosingsthesongtell me why.Declan is a famous Heisalittleboy.Heiseating.Heisalittleboywhoiseating.He is a little boy.nHeisapopularsingerwhosesongispopularamongyoungpeople.nHeisafamoussingerwhoisfromTaiwan.He is a popular singer whose s谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。结局好结局好,一切都好。一切都好。真正的友谊犹如健康的身体真正的友谊犹如健康的身体,失去时失去时方知其可贵。方知其可贵。ProverbsFriendshipislikehealth,thevalueofwhichisseldomknownuntilitislost.Alliswellthatendswell.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。ProverbsFriendship 修饰主语、宾语、表语的句子就叫做修饰主语、宾语、表语的句子就叫做定语从句。定语从句。引导定语从句的关联词有：引导定语从句的关联词有：定语从句定语从句关系代词：关系代词：who,whomwhose,which,that关系副词：关系副词：when,where修饰主语、宾语、表语的句子就叫做定语从句。定语从句关系代词：定语从句的位置定语从句的位置定语从句一定放在被修饰成分之后。定语从句一定放在被修饰成分之后。e.g.Thisisthecarwhich he bought last year.先行词先行词定语从句定语从句Doyouknowtheman?Hespokejustnow.Doyouknowthemanwho spoke just now?定语从句的位置定语从句一定放在被修饰成分之后。e.g.ThappletheredthegreenthesmallthebigTheapplewhichisredismine.Theapplewhichisgreenisyours.Theapplewhichisredissmall.Theapplewhichisgreenisbig.applethe redThe apple whichIhavereadthenewspaper.Itcarriestheimportantnews.Ihavereadthenewspaperwhich carries the important news.I have read the newspaper.It cIshowedhimtheletter.Ireceiveditthismorning.Ishowedhimtheletter(which)I received this morning.I showed him the letter.I rece引导定语从句的关系代词引导定语从句的关系代词thatwhichwhowhomwhoseThat即指人又指物即指人又指物,作主语或宾语。作主语或宾语。Which指物指物,作主语或宾语。作主语或宾语。who,whom指人指人,who作主语作主语,whom作宾语。作宾语。that,which,whom在定语从句中在定语从句中作宾语时作宾语时,可省去。可省去。引导定语从句的关系代词That 即指人又指物,作主语或宾语Whom指人指人,在从句中作宾语，可省略。在从句中作宾语，可省略。e.g.Doyouknowtheman(whom)we saw at the Beijing Hotel?ThegirlisfromAmerica.Icalledherjustnow.Thegirl(whom)I called just nowisfromAmerica.Whom 指人,在从句中作宾语，可省略。e.g.Do y1.that在从句中作主语或宾语，指人和物。在从句中作主语或宾语，指人和物。1)Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.2)ThenoodlesthatIcookedweredelicious.3)Letsaskthemanthatisreadingthebookoverthere.4)ThegirlthatwesawyesterdayisJimssister.(主语主语)(宾语宾语)(主语主语)(宾语宾语)1.that 在从句中作主语或宾语，指人和物。1)2.Which在从句中作主语或宾语，指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，指物。1)Theyplantedthetreeswhichdidntneedmuchwater.(主语主语)2)Thefishwhichweboughtwerenotfresh.(宾语宾语)3.who,whom在从句中分别作主语和在从句中分别作主语和宾语宾语(口语中口语中who也可作宾语也可作宾语)。1)TheforeignerwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.(主语主语)2.Which 在从句中作主语或宾语，指物。2)TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledMichael.(主语主语)3)ThepersontowhomyoujusttalkedisMr.Li.(宾语宾语)4)Mr.Readistheprofessortowhomyoushouldwrite.(宾语宾语)2)The boy who broke the windo4.whose在从句中作定语，指人或在从句中作定语，指人或物。物。1)MissFloweristheteacherwhosehousecaughtfirelastweek.2)Thisistheboywhosecompositiontheteachertalkedof.3)Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.4.whose 在从句中作定语，指人或that和和which在指物的情况下一般在指物的情况下一般都可以互换，但在下列情况下，一般用都可以互换，但在下列情况下，一般用that而不用而不用which。Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.(1)先行词为先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等等不定代词时。不定代词时。Note that和which在指物的情况下一般都可Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。修饰时。Ivereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.(2)先行词被先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。等修饰时。This is the first book(that)Thebossinwhosecompanymyfatherworkedisaverykindperson.1.关系代词关系代词whose还可以在从句中还可以在从句中与它所修饰的词一起作介词宾语。与它所修饰的词一起作介词宾语。NoteThe boss in whose company my f2.当先行词是当先行词是one,ones,anybody,anyone,all,none,those等等,指人时一般用指人时一般用who,不用不用that.Thosewhowanttogotothecinemawillhavetowaitatthegateoftheschool.在以疑问词在以疑问词who开头的句子中开头的句子中,或关系代或关系代词在从句中作表语时词在从句中作表语时,用用that,不用不用who。Whoisthemanthatisshoutingthere?Sheisnotthegirlthatsheusedtobe.2.当先行词是one,ones,anybody,an3.先行词是人，从句中缺动词宾语或先行词是人，从句中缺动词宾语或介词宾语时，用介词宾语时，用whom或或that(介词介词后不用后不用that)。Theteacherwantstoreturnthebooktothegirlfromwhomheborrowedit.3.先行词是人，从句中缺动词宾语或Heisthestudent(whom,who,that)youwanttosee.关系代词关系代词that,which,whom在从句中作在从句中作宾语时可省略掉。但放在介词后面时则宾语时可省略掉。但放在介词后面时则不可省略。不可省略。He is the student(whom,who,1.Thefamousbasketballstar,_triedtomakeacomeback,attractedalotofattention.A.whereB.whenC.whichD.whoKey解析解析:本题考察定语从句关联词的选择本题考察定语从句关联词的选择,从句意可知先行词从句意可知先行词thefamousbasketballstar(著名的篮球明星著名的篮球明星)是人，所以应用是人，所以应用表示人的关联词表示人的关联词who。真题解析真题解析D1.The famous basketball star,2.(2006北京北京)Women_drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose_dont.A.who;/B./;whoC.who;whoD./;/解析解析:本题考查两个定语从句本题考查两个定语从句,这两个这两个定语从句都缺少主语定语从句都缺少主语,在定语从句中在定语从句中,如果是关系代词做定语从句的主语如果是关系代词做定语从句的主语,关系代词不能省略关系代词不能省略,故答案选故答案选C。C2.(2006 北京)Women _drink mo3.(2006福建福建)Lookout!Dontgettooclosetothehouse_roofisunderrepair.A.whoseB.whichC.ofwhichD.that解析解析:whose在定语从句中做在定语从句中做roof的的定语，用于修饰定语，用于修饰house。A3.(2006 福建)Look out!Dont g4.-Isthatthesmalltownyouoftenreferto?-Right,justtheone_youknowIusedtoworkforyears.(2005福建福建)A.thatB.whichC.whereD.what解析解析:从句中从句中youknow是插入语是插入语,所以所以用用where引导表示地点的定语从句。引导表示地点的定语从句。C4.-Is that the small town yoCompletethefollowingsentenceswiththat,which,whoorwhose.ThentranslatethemintoChineseorally.1.Herearemyneighbours_homewasdestroyedbyearthquake.2.Theterribleshakingofthebuildingwokeupallthepeople_wereasleep.3.Thenextdaypeopleputupsheltersintheopenairmadewithanything_theycouldfind.whosewhothat/省略省略Complete the following sentenc4.Severaldayslatermostofthebuildings_hadbeendamagedwererepaired.5.Thisfrightenedboy_motherwerelostinthedisasterislookingforhernow.6.Wewenttoseeourteacher_husbandlosthislifeintheearthquake.7.“Isthistheyoungman_savedseveralpeopletrappedunderbuildings?”sheasked.8.Anumberofchildren_parentshaddiedinthequakeweresenttolivewithfamiliesintheothercities.that/whichwhosewhosewhosewho4.Several days later most of Basedontheexampleinthetextbook,rewritethefollowingsentencesbyyourself.1.Thegirlwasrescuedfromthewell.nThegirlwasrescuedfromthewellthatwasnearbyourschool.nThegirlwasrescuedfromthewellwhichwasnewlybuilt.nThegirlwhoismyclassmatewasrescuedfromthewell.nThegirlwhosefamilywerediedwasrescuedfromthewell.Based on the example in the te2.Thechildrenburiedeggsinthegarden.3.Thesurvivorsweredugoutbythesoldiers.4.Thenationwasshockedatthenews.2.The children buried eggs in3.Thehouse_theybuiltin1987stayedupintheearthquake.Fill in the blanks with who,whom,that,which or whose.1.Theearthquake_hitthecityin1906wasthebiggestinAmericanhistory.2.Wedontknowthenumberofpeople_losttheirhomesin1906earthquake.that/whichthat/whowhich/that3.The house _ they b6.Harryistheboy_motherisourmathsteacher.4.Ahouse_isbuiltonsandmayfalldowninanearthquake.5.Luckilynoneofthepeople_Iknowwerekilledintheearthquake.which/thatwho/whom/thatwhose 6.Harry is the boy _7.Lookatthatlady_nameisRose.8.Heisateacher_Ilikeverymuch.9.Thosepictures_weredrawnbyTomarenice.10.Those_willgototheparkstayhere.11.Thatwasallthemoney_Ihad.whosewhom/who/thatwhich/thatwhothat7.Look at that lady _ na12.Isthereanyonehere_nameisTom?13.Theytalkedforaboutanhourofthingsandpersons_theyrememberedintheschool.14.Who_hascommonsensewilldosuchathing.15.Idontknowtheway_heworkedout.16.Thepersonto_youjusttalkedisMr.Li.whosethatthatthat/inwhichwhom12.Is there any one here _1.Itisreportedthattwoschools,_arebeingbuiltinmyhometown,willopennextyear.(2007四川四川)A.theyboth B.whichbothC.bothofthemD.bothofwhich2.Weshouldntspentourmoneytestingsomanypeople,mostof_arehealthy.(2007北京北京)A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whom高考链接高考链接DD1.It is reported that two sch3.Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,_hewentontoBeijingUniversity.(2007江苏江苏)A.afterwhichB.afterthatC.inwhichD.inthat4.Thethoughtofgoingbackhomewas_kepthimhappywhilehewasworkingabroad(2007上海上海)A.thatB.allthatC.allwhatD.whichAB3.He was educated at the loca5.ChansrestaurantonBakerStreet,_usedtobepoorlyrun,isnowasuccessfulbusiness.(2007浙江浙江)A.thatB.whichC.whoD.where6.Humanfacialexpressionsdifferfromthoseofanimalsinthedegree_theycanbecontrolledonpurpose.(2007重庆卷重庆卷)A.withwhichB.towhichC.ofwhichD.forwhichBB5.Chans restaurant on Baker 7.Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,_wantedtobuyit.(2007安徽安徽)A.noneofthemB.bothofthemC.noneofwhomD.neitherofwhom8.Ericreceivedtrainingincomputerforoneyear,_hefoundajobinabigcompany.(2007辽宁辽宁)A.afterthatB.afterwhichC.afteritD.afterthisDB7.Last week,only two people 9.Yesterdayshesoldhercar,_sheboughtamonthago.(2008浙江浙江)A.whomB.whereC.thatD.whichD9.Yesterday she sold her car,1.Underthebigtreeare34students,manyofthemcomefromclasstwo.2.Mymotherhasagoodbook,whichcoverlooksterrible.3.Whoaretheyounggirlswhoarehavingdinnerintherestaurant?改错改错whomwhosethat Under the big tree are 34 stu4.Sheisoneofthegirlswhoisveryinterestedinmaths.5.Tomistheonlyoneoftheboyswholikeplayingfootball.6.Whoisthegirlthatyoutalkedtoherjustnow?7.Thereisanoldwoman,thatisholdingastick.arewholikes4.She is one of the girls who1.Thebooktellsstoriesoftheearthquakethroughtheeyesofthose_liveswereaffected.A.whoseB.thatC.whoD.which【2013福建福建】高考链接：高考链接：【答案答案】A【解析解析】考查定语从句。其中考查定语从句。其中those作为先行词，定作为先行词，定语从句中缺少语从句中缺少lives的定语，故用的定语，故用whose。高考链接：【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。其中those作为2.Happinessandsuccessoftencometothose_aregoodatrecognizingtheirownstrengths.A.whomB.whoC.whatD.which【2013湖南湖南】【答案答案】B【解析解析】考查定语从句。先行词为考查定语从句。先行词为those，指人；定，指人；定语从句中缺少主语，故使用关系代词语从句中缺少主语，故使用关系代词who。2.Happiness and success often3.ThepresidentoftheWorldBanksayshehasapassionforChina,heremembersstartingasearlyashischildhood.A.whereB.whichC.whatD.when【2013江苏江苏】【答案答案】B【解析解析】考查定语从句。先行词为考查定语从句。先行词为passion，定语从，定语从句中缺少宾语，故用关系代词句中缺少宾语，故用关系代词which。3.The president of the World 4.Johninvitedabout40peopletohiswedding,mostofarefamilymembers.AthemB.thatC.whichD.whom【2013重庆重庆】【答案答案】D【解析解析】考查定语从句。先行词为考查定语从句。先行词为40people，定，定语从句中缺少主语，故使用语从句中缺少主语，故使用whom。介词之后不能。介词之后不能用用that，应予以排除；，应予以排除；which指先行词为物；指先行词为物；them为人称代词，应用于并列句中。为人称代词，应用于并列句中。4.John invited about 40 peopl5.Thechildren,_hadplayedthewholedaylong,werewornout.A.allofwhatB.allofwhichC.allofthemD.allofwhom【2013浙江浙江】【答案答案】D【解析解析】考查定语从句。先判断为定语从句，先考查定语从句。先判断为定语从句，先行词为行词为children，故答案为，故答案为D。5.The children,_ had plHomework1.Finishtheexercisesonpage29.2.ReadthepassageonPage64.Completethesentencesbelow,usingwho,whom,which,thatorwhose.Homework1.Finish the exercise
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