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FOREIGH LANGUAGE TEACHING AND RESEARCH PRESS AIR FORCE ENGINEERING UNIVERTISY2Spend or save The students dilemmaUnit Unit 5 5 Section ASection AFOREIGH LANGUAGE TEACHING AND 1Amanwhobothspendsandsavesmoneyisthe happiest man,because he has bothenjoyments.Samuel Johnson(English writer)Youmustlearntosavefirstandspendafterward.John Poole(English playwright)25UNITThemoneygameA man who both spends and save2SectionA 25ThemoneygameUNITSpendorsaveThestudentsdilemmaObjectivesObjectivesTotalkaboutmoneyTofurtherunderstandthetextToapplythephrasesandpatternsTomastertheessaywritingskillSection A 25The money gameUNIT3ContentsASection Warming-upActivitiesTextStudyLanguageApplicationSummarySpend or saveSpend or save The students dilemma The students dilemmaContentsASection Warming-up Ac4ASectionWarming-upActivitiesLead-inLead-inPre-reading ActivitiesPre-reading ActivitiesCultural BackgroundCultural BackgroundSpend or save Spend or save The students dilemma The students dilemmaASectionWarming-up ActivitiesL51.Howtomanagemoneyasacollegestudent?Createastrictbudgetandcommittostickingwithit;Prioritizeonesfinancesbyidentifyingtheareasinwhichoneneedtospendmoney;Remembertosave;Avoidcreditcards;1.How to manage money as a co62.Whatdocollegestudentsspendtheirmoneyon?Tuitionandfees;Textbooksorotherschoolsupplies;Foodanddrink;Transportationintheformofbusortraintickets;Electronics,suchaslaptopsandsmartphones;Entertainment;2.What do college students sp7Read the following survey questions regarding spending habits of college students.Then check()all the responses that are true for you.Read the following survey ques81.Whatsthemainsourceofyourdailyexpenses?FromparentsFromstudentloanorsubsidyFromscholarshipFrompart-timejobOther(specify)_1.Whats the main source of y92.Howmuchareyourmonthlyexpenses?500yuanorless501-800yuan801-1,000yuan1,001-1,500yuanOver1,500yuan2.How much are your monthly e103.Doyouspendmoneybasedonyourbudget?AlwaysSometimesNever3.Do you spend money based on114.Whatcostsmostofyourmoneyasacollegestudent?Food,clothingandothernecessitiesBooksEntertainmentsOther(specify)_4.What costs most of your mon125.Ifyouhaveextramoney,doyouprefertosaveitorspenditimmediately?SaveitSpendit5.If you have extra money,do13In the money markets,businessesgovernments and sometimes individualsborrow or lend funds for short period oftime.Usually1to120days.USTreasury-bills are the _ money marketinstrument.Theyarefollowedbynegotiablecertificatedepositand_paper.Listen to a short passage concerning moneymarketsandfillinthemissinginformation.To be continuedTo be continueddominantcommercial In the money markets,bus14Listen to a short passage concerning moneymarketsandfillinthemissinginformation.Othermoneymarketinstrumentstheyare not large in-volume of standing areimportant in _ market andrepresent invest mental ternaries formoney market _.It is aclosedsubstituteabilityofmarketinstruments,it _ all the moneymarkets.To be continuedTo be continuedrespectiveparticipantslinksListen to a short passage conc15distinctivedealersandbrokersListen to a short passage concerning moneymarketsandfillinthemissinginformation.Themoneymarketconsistofcollectionof markets each trading at _financial instrument.There is no formalorganizationsuchasTheNewYorkStockExchange for the equity markets.Centralactivity to the money market are the_whospecializingoneormoremoneymarketinstruments.To be continuedTo be continueddistinctivedealers and brokers16Dealersbuysecuritiesfortheown_andsellfromthesecurityinventers when the trades _.Brokersdonotactuallybuyorsellsecurities,and they only accentuate the _transactionsatthebestpossibleprice.Theirprofits comes from commissions charged forthatservices.positiontakeplaceclientListen to a short passage concerning moneymarketsandfillinthemissinginformation.Dealers buy securities for the17QuestionsPreviewing1.Whatdoesfinancialliteracyreferto?2.IntheUnitedStates,whatdoesStudentFinancialAidreferto?TipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsQuestions Previewing1.What do181.Whatdoesfinancialliteracyreferto?Theabilitytounderstandfinancialmatters;Thesetofskillsandknowledge;Allowsanindividualtomakeinformedandeffectivedecisionsthroughunderstandingoffinances.1.What does financial literac192.IntheUnitedStates,whatdoesStudentFinancialAidreferto?Thefundingintendedtohelpstudentspayeducation expenses including tuition andfees,roomandboard,booksandsupplies,etc.for education at a college,university,orprivateschool.2.In the United States,what20Main Idea&StructureMain Idea&StructureLanguage Language FocusFocusCritical Critical ThinkingThinkingTextStudyASectionSpend or save Spend or save The students dilemma The students dilemmaMain Idea&StructureLanguage 21TipsTipsTipsTipsBecausewhenthegovernmentencouragespeople to_ togetoutoftherecession,theyalsoadvicepeopleto_.Similarly,whenbanksofferhigher _ to increase savingstheysend_toletpeoplespendmore.savemoreinterestratesAccordingtothewriter,whydothemessageswegetfrom our environment seem to defy common senseandcontradicteachother?(Para.1)spendmoneycreditcardoffersTips Because when the gove22Anotherfamiliarexample.(Para.2)Dont pay on timeAs soon as we payCredit Card Bill we get demanding,nastyemailssaying:“Yourfailuretopayisunacceptable.Payimmediately or youll be introuble!”we get an email in acharming tone telling ushowvaluableacustomerweareandencouragingustoresumespending.Another familiar example.(Para23We are confused and _ bytwo contradictory messages that we getfromourenvironment.Thegovernmenttellsusto_.And credit cardcompanyalsosentuscontradictorymessage:_?PartI(Paras.1-_)2spendandatthesametimetheytellsustosavemoreArewefailingconsumersorvaluedcustomersmanipulatedWe are confused and _24Twosetsofmessages(Paras.3-5)“Upright”message,which urges us,“Work hardandsave._.Avoidluxuries._ for more than youtrulyneed.”Thismessagecomestousfrom_,from_,even from politicalfiguresreferringto“_”.“Permissive”message,“Buy,spend,getitnow.You needthis!”,is_.Advertisements_ourdailylives.Theessentialmessage is cemented into our consciousness,“Its good to_.You should have what you want.Youdeservethebest.So,youshould_!”SuspendyourdesiresControlyourappetiteschoolparentstraditionalvaluesinescapableinvadesatisfyyourdesiresbuyitnowTwo sets of messages“Upright”25Twosetsofmessages(Paras.3-5)“Upright”message,which urges us,“Work hardandsave._.Avoidluxuries._ for more than youtrulyneed.”Thismessagecomestousfrom_,from_,even from politicalfiguresreferringto“_”.“Permissive”message,“Buy,spend,getitnow.You needthis!”,is_.Advertisements_ourdailylives.Theessentialmessage is cemented into our consciousness,“Its good to_.Youshouldhavewhatyouwant.Youdeservethebest.So,youshould_!”SuspendyourdesiresControlyourappetiteschoolparentstraditionalvaluesinescapableinvadesatisfyyourdesiresbuyitnowWHY?Hard work,family loyalty,and the capacity to postpone desires are core American values that have made our country great.on TV,in movies,on printed media and road signs,in stores,and on busses,trains and subways.The only time you can escape advertising is when youre in your bed asleep!By the age of 18,the average American will have seen 600,000 ads;by the age of 40,the total is almost one million.Two sets of messages“Upright”26What happens as we take in these contradictory but explicitmessages?Whatarethepsychologicalandsocialconsequencesofthiscampaigntocontrolourspendinghabits?(Para.6)We want more things because we want to satisfy our material appetite.Most of us derive pleasure from treating ourselves.Watch out,take stock of your life,dont let your attention get scattered.Postpone your desires.Dont fall into debt.Wait!Retain control over your own life.It will make you stronger.What happens as we take in the27Everydaywegettwosetsofmessagesatoddswith each other.The“_”messageurgesustoworkhardandsave,suspendourdesires,andavoidluxuries.The_urgeustospend.the essential message from ads is anyhow_already.Aspsychologicalandsocialconsequences,peopleget _ with the two contradictorymessages.PartII(Paras.3-_)6permissiveadvertisementscementedintoourconsciousnessuprightconfusedEvery day we get two sets of m28Whyshouldstudentsconsiderfinancialwell-beingasakeyingredientofuniversityeducation?(Para.7)TipsTipsTipsTipsBecausemoneyworriescanmakestudentsfeelterribleandhindertheirabilitytofocuson their main goal:to successfullycompletetheireducation.Why should students consider f29Whatcanstudentsdotobefinanciallyhealthyandhavenomoneyworries?(Para.8)TipsTipsTipsTipsTheycangoto:financialliteracyclasses;schoolsfinancialaidoffice;seekinputfromparentsorotheradults;findapartner;askforhelpWhat can students do to be fin30AneducatedconsumerandsaverBalancespendingandsavingCaptainofyourownshipSuccessfulandproductivedirectionWhatconclusioncanyoudrawfromthetext?(Para.9)LearntoSteerinBecomeAn educated consumer and saver31PartIIIParas.7-9Students should learn how to become asmartand_consumerandhowtosuccessfully_,whichwill help them gain a successful andproductionlife.educatedmanagetheirfinancesPart III Paras.7-9Students 32Wereconfusedandmanipulatedbytwocontradictorymessages-spendorsave?(Para.1)The government tells us tospendmoretohelpendtherecession.Bankssendcreditcards to encourage morespending.They also tell us to savemore for our financial well-being.Banks offer higherinterest rates to encouragesavingmore.Introduction(Paras.1-2)Were33Exampleofcontradictorymessages:afailingconsumeroravaluedcustomer?(Para.2)If we dont pay our creditcard bill,we get nastyemails saying:“Your failuretopayisunacceptable.Payimmediatelyoryouwillbeintrouble!”Assoonaswepay,wegetan email in a charmingtone,addressingusasvaluablecustomersandencouraging us to resumespending.Example of contradictory messa34The“upright”messageurgesustoworkhardandsave,suspendourdesires,avoid luxuries,and controlour appetite for more thanwetrulyneed.Thismessagecomestousfrommanysourcessuchasschool,parents,and evenpoliticians.(Para.3)Theoppositepermissivemessages to spend areeverywhere around us:onTV,road signs,etc.Theessentialmessageiscementedintoourconsciousness from ads:Its good to satisfy ourdesires;we deserve whatwe want and the best wewant.(Paras.4-5)Body:paradox of the two sets 35Thepsychologicalandsocialconsequencesofthecontradictorymessage(Para.6)On one hand,we alwayswantmorethingsbecausewe want to satisfy ourmaterial appetite.Most ofus derive pleasure fromtreatingourselves.Ontheotherhand,alittlevoicewarnsus:watchout,postponeyourdesires,dont fall into debt,andretain control over yourownlife.The psychological and social c36Itisimportanttolearnhowtobalancespendingandsavingtomakeyourlifebetter.(Para.9)Successfullymanageyourfinancessothatyoucanfocusonyourprimarygoal.(Para.7)Advice:attend financial literacy classes,consult withsomeonetohelpsetupabudget,findapartnertostayontrack and get pleasure from administrating your ownfinancial affairs.Most importantly,seek help before yourfinancialproblembecomesworse.(Para.8)Conclusion(Paras.7-9)It is i37SpendorsavethestudentsdilemmaIthinkthatthemessageswegetfromourenvironment seem to defy _andcontradicteachother.Thegovernmenttellsustospendandalsoto_more.Banksofferhigherinterestratessowecanincreasesavingsandalsosendus_offerssowecanspendmore.Ifwedontpayourcreditcardbillontime,thecommonsensesavecreditcardTo be continuedTo be continuedSpend or save the students d38creditcardcompanywillwarnus.Assoonas we pay,the company will tell us how_acustomerweareandencourageusto_.Wegettwo sets of messages at _ eachother.Oneisthe“permissive”perspective-advertisingspermissivemessageis_;The other is“_”message.What happens as we take in thesecontradictorybutexplicitmessages?To be continuedTo be continuedvaluableresumespendingoddswithuprightinescapablecredit card company will warn 39On one hand,we want more thingsbecausewewanttosatisfyour_.On the other hand,wehopeto_ourdesires.Anyway,many of the skills you needasasuccessfulstudentcanbeappliedto your _.Money worries areextremely _ and _.So,how can you be a smart andeducatedconsumer?materialappetitepostponefinancesstressfuldistractingTo be continuedTo be continued On one hand,we want more t40Consider_classesorschools financial aid office or seek input insettingupa_.Youcanalsofindinga_ tohelp youstayontrackandfind_intheadministration.Mostimportantly,dontletyourego_andurgentlygethelp.As you learn to balance spending andsaving,you will have a successful and_life.financialliteracybudgetpartnerpleasuregetinyourwayproductive Consider _ cla41PracticalPhrasesPracticalPhrasesSpecificSpecificMeaningsMeanings1.referto 提到；谈到2.noshortageof 不缺少；不缺乏3.derivesth.fromsth.得到，获得（优势或 愉快的感受）4.takein 领会；理解；记住5.takestock(ofsth.)（对形势）作出估计 （判断）6.ontrack 在（可能通向成功的）轨迹上Practical Phrases Specific Mea42提到；谈到提到；谈到(mention/refer to )Althoughshedidntmentionanynames,everyoneknewwhoshewasreferring to.referto短语逆译短语应用尽管她没有提任何人的名字，但大家都知道她指的是谁。意群提示提到；谈到(mention/refer to )Al43不缺少；不缺乏不缺少；不缺乏(go ahead with/project/no shortage of)Youmaygo ahead with theproject;thereisno shortage of funds.noshortageof短语逆译短语应用你们可以继续进行这个项目，资金并不缺乏。意群提示不缺少；不缺乏(go ahead with/projec44得到，获得得到，获得 （优（优势或愉快的感受）势或愉快的感受）(derive from/satisfaction/introduction)Manystudentsderivedenormoussatisfactionfromtheintroductiontoartcourse.derivesth.fromsth.短语逆译短语应用许多学生从这门艺术入门课程中得到了巨大的满足。意群提示得到，获得（优势或愉快的感受）(derive from/s45领会；理解；记住领会；理解；记住Itwasaninterestingexhibition,buttherewastoo much totake in allatonce.takein短语逆译短语应用这是一个有趣的展览，但要一下子记住所有的东西太多了。意群提示(exhibition/too much/take in)领会；理解；记住It was an interesting 46（对形形势）作出估）作出估计（判断）（判断）(take stock of/position)Wehadtotake stock of ourpositionbeforewecoulddecidewhattodonext.takestock(ofsth.)短语逆译短语应用我们在决定下一步做什么以前，必须对我们的处境作出判断。意群提示（对形势）作出估计（判断）(take stock of/47在（可能通向成功的）在（可能通向成功的）轨迹上迹上(run/according to/on track)Everythingisrunningaccording to ourplan,sowerestillon track for10%growth.短语逆译短语应用一切都在按照我们的计划进行，所以我们仍有可能达到10%的增长率。意群提示ontrack在（可能通向成功的）(run/according to/48FunctionalFunctionalPatternsPatternsFunctions&UsagesFunctions&Usages1.Heresanotherfamiliarexample:用于列举“人们熟知的事例”。2.Itsbeencalculatedthat用于引出“有说服力的数据”。3.Assb.learntodosth.,sb.willdosth.用于表达“某人学会某事就会有所收获”。Functional Patterns Funct49这里还有一个大家熟悉的例子：如果我们不按时支付信用卡账单，我们会收到从信用卡公司发来类似这样的令人讨厌的催缴账单的电子邮件原句译文原句译文逆译练习逆译练习Heresanotherfamiliarexample:Ifwedontpayourcreditcardbillontime,wegetdemanding,nastyemailsfromthecreditcardcompanysayingsomethinglike句型提句型提炼这里还有一个大家熟悉的例子：如果我们不按时支付信用卡账单，我50Heresanotherfamiliarexample:句型提炼句型提炼应用提示应用提示用于列举“人们熟知的事例”。句型句型应用用Heres another familiar exampl51(gourmet/be sold on/Peking Duck)典型例句这里还有一个大家熟悉例子:“西方美食家已对北京烤鸭极有兴趣.”意群提示Here is another familiar example:“WesterngourmetsaresoldonPekingDuck.”(gourmet/be sold on/Peking 52据计算，普通的美国人到18岁时，会看过60万个广告。原句译文原句译文逆译练习逆译练习Itsbeencalculatedthatbytheageof18,theaverageAmericanwillhaveseen600,000ads.句型提句型提炼据计算，普通的美国人到18岁时，会看过60万个广告。原句译53Itsbeencalculatedthat句型提炼句型提炼应用提示应用提示用于引出“有说服力的数据”。句型句型应用用Its been calculated that句型提炼54(calculate/population/double)典型例句据计算，世界人口在本世纪末将要增加一倍。意群提示Its been calculated that theworldspopulation will double by the end of thecentury.(calculate/population/doubl55学会了如何平衡支出和储蓄，你就会成为你自己的船长，驾驶着你的生活之帆，乘风破浪，驶向成功和富饶。原句译文原句译文逆译练习逆译练习As you learn to balance spending andsaving,you will become the captain ofyour own ship,steering your life in asuccessfulandproductivedirectionthroughthechoppywaters.句型提句型提炼学会了如何平衡支出和储蓄，你就会成为你自己的船长，驾驶着你的56Assb.learntodosth.,sb.willdosth.句型提炼句型提炼应用提示应用提示用于表达“某人学会某事就会有所收获”。句型句型应用用As sb.learn to do sth.,sb.wi57(dive/appreciate/magnetism/to your heart content)典型例句学会了潜水就会见到海下的美丽景色，尽情领略大海的魅力。意群提示Asyoulearntodive,youwillseethebeautifulviewunderthesea,appreciatingthemagnetismoftheseatoyourheartcontent.(dive/appreciate/magnetism/58艰苦创业，忠于家庭，能推迟欲望是美国价值观的核心，它使我们的国家变得强大。a.Hardwork,familyloyalty,andthecapacitytopostponedesiresarecoreAmericanvalues that have made ourcountrygreat.(Para.3,L6)艰苦创业，忠于家庭，能推迟欲望是美国价值观的核心，它使我59我爱自己。我是自己的好朋友。我只做让我感觉舒服的事。我从精美的东西里得到乐趣，并感觉它们给我滋养。我 过去做事常延迟购买,但再也不会了。b.Iloveme.Imagoodfriendto myself.I do what makesmefeelgood.Iderivepleasurefromnicethingsandfeel nourished by them.Iused to put things off.Notanymore.(Para.5,L8)b.I love me.Im a good f60“当心，要掂量掂量自己的生活，不要让注意力分散。推迟欲望。不要陷入债务。要等待！保留对自己生活的控制权。这样你会更坚强。”c.Watchout,takestockofyourlife,dontletyourattentiongetscattered.Postponeyourdesires.Dontfallintodebt.Wait!Retaincontroloveryourown life.It will make you stronger.(Para.6,L5)“当心，要掂量掂量自己的生活，不要让注意力分散。推迟欲望。不61学会了如何平衡支出和储蓄，你就会成为你自己的船长，驾驶着你的生活之帆，乘风破浪，驶向成功和富饶。d.Most importantly,if you findyourselfgettingintofinancialtrouble,dont let your ego get inyour way;urgently get help withtackling your problem before itspinsoutofcontrolandlandsyouinlegaltroubles.(Para.8,L6)学会了如何平衡支出和储蓄，你就会成为你自己的船长，驾驶着你的621Whataresomeoftheeffectivetechniquesusedtopromotethesellingofvariousproducts?2Doyouprefertospendorsave?Why?3How do you know whether youreoverspendingornot?TipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsWhat are some of the effective63Offerdiscountprices；Sendgiveaways；AssociatewithnewtechnologieslikeInternetmarketing；Comparewithothermerchandises.1.Whataresomeoftheeffectivetechniquesusedtopromotethesellingofvariousproducts?What are some of64 2.Doyouprefertospendorsave?Why?IwillspendbecauselifeissoshortandIdontwanttobethriftyorspendmoneycarefully,whichwilldrivemecrazy.IonlyknowIshouldenjoymylifewhileImstillyoungandhealthy.Iwillsavebecausewiththeworseningeconomicsituation everywhere,I dont know what couldhappentomeinthefuture.Toberesponsibleformyself,Ihavetosavesomemoneyforthefuture.2.Do you prefer to spend o65WhenIdonthavemuchpocketmoneywithme.WhenIwanttobuysomethinginexpensivebutIcantaffordit.WhenIdont have moneytohang outwithmyfriendsandclassmates.WhenIseemanythingsIdontneedsurroundingme.3.Howdoyouknowwhetheryoureoverspendingornot?3.How do you kno66Howdoyouunderstandthefollowingquotes“金金钱钱往往往往成成为为真真正正情情义义的的障障碍碍物物。”and“Moneyisagoodsoldier,itcangivepeoplethecourageinstantly”?According to Zou Taofen(邹 韬 奋),Money oftenbecomesthehindranceforchasingtruefriendship.Thepersonwithwealthymayalwaysfeeljoyless,fortheythinkothersassociatewithheorsheisforthemoneyonly.ButShakespearethoughtmoneyisveryimportant.Itmakespeoplefullofenergy.Weknowmoneymeansfood,clothing,books,etc.Familiesandpeopleneedittobuythingstheymusthave.Inthiswaysocietyexists,andtheworldprospers.How do you understand the fo67Q:Whatarethesixstepsforsavingmoneymentionedinthepassage?Listentoashortpassageanddiscussthefollowingquestion.TipsTipsTipsTips Q:What are the six steps fo68What are the six steps for saving moneymentionedinthepassage?Youneedtosetambitiousgoalstoencourageyoutosavemoney；Formmanymoney-savinghabitswhilestayawayfromthosethatwastemoney；Economizeyourdailyexpense；Keepaneyeondiscountsinformation；Economizeyoursociallife.；Whilereducingtheexpenditures,youneedtobroadenyourwayearningmoney.What are the six steps for s69ASectionLanguageApplicationWriting DevicesWriting DevicesOral ReproductionOral ReproductionParagraph TranslationParagraph TranslationSpend or Save Spend or Save The Students Dilemma The Students DilemmaASection Language Applicatio70Learnacomparison/contrastessayTo start with,if you have two items tocompare or contrast,the first step is tofigureouthowtheyaresimilarandhowtheyare different.if you are comparing orcontrastingtwoprofessors,youmightdosoon these points:homework assignment,type of exam,class organization,gradingsystemandstyleofteaching.The chart below illustrates how you can list your points:to be continuedto be continuedLearn a comparison/contrast 71Points to compare/contrastProfessor AProfessor Bhomeworkassignmentassignmentdueforeveryclasshardlyanytypeofexamessaymultiplechoicesandessayclassorganizationwellorganizedfreeandeasygradingsystem50%quiz,50%essayexam100%essayexamstyleofteachinglectureclassdiscussion,Q&Asectionto be continuedto be continuedPoints to compare/contrastPr72Learnacomparison/contrastessayThe next step is to study your list anddecidewhethertowriteaboutsimilaritiesordifferences,or both.It is usually best toconcentrateononeortheother.Ifyouseethat there are more similarities on the list,youmightneedtoomitdifferences,orviceversa.The way to organize your points inyour essay is either point-by-point orsubject-by-subject.Please take a
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