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Internet and Life StyleUnit 3Interpretation of Quotaionsla.AlthoughmanypeoplearemakingpotentialdatingcontactsthroughtheInternet,romanticfeelingsoftheheartcannotbecommunicatedelectronically.lb.Itisnotatallclearthatcensorshipbringswithitanyadvantages,soitisfarbettertoletpeoplespeakfreelyanddemocratically.lc.Unregulateddecentralizednetworksaregivingconsumersthepowertochoosewhatevertheywant.Givethistotalfreedomofchoice,consumersareoptingforwhatregulatorsseeasreallybadchoices.ItismostlikelythattheregulatorswillputpressureonSiliconValleytoinventhi-techproductsandnetworksthatwillreducetherangeofchoicesfortheconsumer.World Wide WeblTheWorldWideWeb(alsoknownastheWeborWWW)isacollectionoffiles,calledWebsitesorWebpagesthatincludetextual,graphic,soundandvideoinformation,aswellaslinkstootherfiles.Thesefilesareidentifiedbyuniformresourcelocators(URLs)thatspecifythetransferprotocol,themachinesInternetaddress,andthefilename.Forexample,aURLmightread:http:/machine.Dept.univ.edu/collection/file.lComputerprogramscalledbrowsers,suchasNetscapesNavigatororMicrosoftsInternetExplorer,usehttptoretrievethesefiles.Newfiletypes,suchasanimationandvirtualrealityinformation,continuetobedevelopedfortheWWW.Untilrecently,browsershadtobespeciallyprogrammedtohandleeachnewtypeoffile.Newprogramminglanguages,suchasJavafromSunMicrosystems,enablebrowserstodownloadhelperprogramsthatcanmanipulatethesenewtypesofinformation.The most popular websites in the world recently:lFacebook:FacebookisasocialnetworkingwebsitethatisoperatedandprivatelyownedbyFacebook,Inc.SinceSeptember2006,anyoneovertheageof13withavalide-mailaddress(andnotresidinginoneofthecountrieswhereitisbanned)canbecomeaFacebookuser.lUserscanaddfriendsandsendthemmessages,andupdatetheirpersonalprofilestonotifyfriendsaboutthemselves.Additionally,userscanjoinnetworksorganizedbycity,workplace,andschoolorcollege.ThewebsitesnamestemsfromthecolloquialnameofbooksgivenatthestartoftheacademicyearbyuniversityadministrationsintheUSwiththeintentionofhelpingstudentstogettoknoweachotherbetter.lFlickr:Flickrisanimageandvideohostingwebsite,webservicessuite,andonlinecommunity.Inadditiontobeingapopularwebsiteforuserstoshareandembedpersonalphotographs,theserviceiswidelyusedbybloggerstohostimagesthattheyembedinblogsandsocialmedia.AsofOctober2009,itclaimstohostmorethan4billionimageslYouTube:YouTubeisavideosharingwebsiteonwhichuserscanuploadandsharevideos.ThreeformerPayPalemployeescreatedYouTubeinFebruary2005.InNovember2006,YouTube,LLCwasboughtbyGoogleInc.for$1.65billion,andisnowoperatedasasubsidiaryofGoogle.ThecompanyisbasedinSanBruno,California,andusesAdobeFlashVideotechnologytodisplayawidevarietyofuser-generatedcontentvideocontent,includingmovieclips,TVclips,andmusicvideos,aswellasamateurcontentsuchasvideobloggingandshortoriginalvideos.lMostofthecontentonYouTubehasbeenuploadedbyindividuals,althoughmediacorporationsincludingCBS,theBBC,UMGandotherorganizationsoffersomeoftheirmaterialviathesite,aspartoftheYouTubepartnershipprogram.lTwitter:Twitterisasocialnetworkingandmicrobloggingservicethatenablesitsuserstosendandreadmessagesknownastweets鸟叫声.Tweetsaretext-basedpostsofupto140charactersdisplayedontheauthorsprofilepageanddeliveredtotheauthorssubscriberswhoareknownasfollowers.Senderscanrestrictdeliverytothoseintheircircleoffriendsor,bydefault,allowopenaccess.Sincelate2009,userscanfollowlistsofauthorsinsteadoffollowingindividualauthors.AlluserscansendandreceivetweetsviatheTwitterwebsite,ShortMessageService(SMS)orexternalapplications.Whiletheserviceitselfcostsnothingtouse,accessingitthroughSMSmayincurphoneserviceproviderfees.How the Internet has been used in different fields:lThecustomerrelationshipmanagementsystemhasalwaysbeeninuse.Forinstance,thegrocerynextdoorhasalwayskepttrackofhiscustomershabitsinordertomakehisownbusinessstayprofitable.lE-Governmentreferstotheusebygovernmentagenciesofinformationtechnologiesthathavetheabilitytotransformrelationswithcitizens,businesses,andotherarmsofgovernment.Thesetechnologiescanserveavarietyofdifferentends:betterdeliveryofgovernmentservicestocitizens,improvedinteractionswithbusinessandindustry,citizenempowermentthroughaccesstoinformation,ormoreefficientgovernmentmanagement.Theresultingbenefitscanbelesscorruption,increasedtransparency,greaterconvenience,revenuegrowth,and/costreductions.lMultichanneldeliveryisatechnologyorasetoftechnologiesaimedatdeliveringthesamedocument,overheterogeneousnetworks【电脑】异类网络(一个网络能执行多层网络层次协定),todifferenttypesofdevices.lE-learningislearningthatmakesuseofelectronicfacilitiessuchastheWeb.Withe-learning,onecanstudyanywhereandanytime,aslongasonehasproperlyconfiguredcomputer.Itcanincludetext,video,audio,animationandvirtualenviron.Thebeautyofe-learningisthatitfreesthelearnerfromthephysicalclassroomandtheclassschedule.lWithweb-baseddocumentmanagement,documentsneednolongerbecourieredphysicallyaroundtheworld.Instead,withcarefulencryption,evenhighlysensitivedocumentscanbetransmittedinsecondsfromonepartoftheworldtoanotherforsharing,managementorstorage.Reading 1lnetworksecurity网络安全networksetting网络设置signin登录webfans网迷site网站cancel退出contentscreener过滤器password密码surfing浏览，冲浪lregister注册lclear清除username用户名ecards电子贺卡personalaccount个人帐户SMS（shortmessages)短信息lapplyforQQNo.申请QQ号update更新IT信息技术产业upload上载download下载lcopy复制cut剪切lpaste粘贴switch转换mediaplays媒体播放virus病毒cyberword网络用语ldial-upconnection拨号连接drag拖拽hotlink热链接millenniumbug千年虫click点击lbackup备份ldesktop桌面，台式电脑icon图标upgrade升级off-line离线pentium奔腾lrefresh刷新safeformat安全格式化lsearchengine搜索引擎bandwidth宽带BBS(bulletinboardsystem)电子布告栏lbrowser浏览器domainname域名e-mail电子邮件FTP(filetransferprotocol)文件传送协议hacker黑客lhomepage主页http(hypertexttransportprotocol)超级文lhyperlink超级链接internetphone网上实时交谈intranet内联网ISDN(internetservicesdigital)实时聊天modem调制解调器logoff注销login注册，登录netizen网民netnews网络新闻lWhatistheadvantageofthishigh-techcourtship?lHowdoyougetaccesstointernet?lWhatarethedifferencesbetweenmeetingpeopleon-lineandinreallife?lWhatcananonymitybringabout?lWhatistherangeofthediscussiononline?lWhatarethealternativesforyoutomeetpeopleonline?lPleasetrytointroducethestepstoencounteryourpotentialpartnerwhichissafeandeffective.lTitle:cybernate:controlafunction,process,orcreationbyacomputerl-nate:v.alternate,designate,dominatelPara.1lSightunseen:ifyoubuysomethingsightunseen,youdonothaveanopportunitytoseeitbeforeyoubuyitlHookup:1.Whensomeonehooks upacomputerorotherelectronicmachine,theyconnectittoothersimilarmachinesortoacentralpowersupply.l2.Ifoneperson,especiallyamusician,hooks upwithanother,thetwopeoplestartworkingwitheachother.Youcanalsosaythattwopeoplehook up.l“Manyapplaudtheeaseofintimacyinthishigh-techversionofcourtship,andsometurntheironlineconnectionsintooff-line,real-liferelationships.”lManypeoplewelcomeInternetcourtshipbecauseofitsconvenienceandsomeofthemmayturnthisvirtualconnectionintoanoff-lineandface-to-facerelationshipinreallifewhentheyareready.lPara.2lAlbeit:Youusealbeittointroduceafactorcommentwhichreducestheforceorsignificanceofwhatyouhavejustsaid.le.g.Hefinallyagreed,albeitreluctantly,tohelpus.l尽管勉强，他最后还是同意帮助我们。lPara,3lScreen name:pseudonyms(Apseudonymisanamewhichsomeone,usuallyawriter,usesinsteadofhisorherrealname.)usedforinternetcommunicationsandBBSslShield:toprotectsomebody/somethingfromdanger,harmorsomethingunpleasantle.g.臭氧层保护地球不受太阳紫外线的辐射。lTheozonelayershieldstheearthfromthesunsultravioletrays.l你不可能永远瞒着她，不让她知道事实真相。lYoucantshieldherfromthetruthforever.lProject new sides of themselves:lpresenttheirnewstandpointslSide:oneoftheopinions,attitudesorpositionsheldbysomebodyinanargument,abusinessarrangement,etc.l“Apersoncangrowintothepersontheypresent.Thatpieceofselfthatsinhibitedcangrowintosomethingfull.”lPeoplecanbecomethepersonstheyportraythemselvestobeontheInternet,whichhelpsthemtofullydevelopthepartofcharacterthathasbeensuppressedbefore.lPara.4lbasketball-star-turned-architect:lthearchitectwhowasonceabasketballstarlcon artist:（slang）Acon artistissomeonewhotricksotherpeopleintogivingthemtheirmoneyorproperty.lPara.5lFreewheeling:notconcernedaboutrulesorthepossibleresultsofwhatyoudole.g.afreewheelinglifestyle/attitudesl“But,unlikereallife,itsneverimpossibletogetawordin.Somepeoplesayittakesthemtimetofindtheircyber-voices,andtheyprefertoremainquietlyattheedges.”lGetawordin:interposearemarklAttheedges:infrontoftheircomputerslSometimes,youcantfindtheopportunitytointerposearemarkinreallife,buttheresnosuchproblemwhenyouchatonline.Somepeoplesaytheydontbothertotypeanythingandtheyprefertojustwatchotherstalkinginthechatroom.lPara.6lYall:youall.CommonlybelievedtohaveoriginatedintheSouthernUnitedStates,itisprimarilyassociatedwithSouthernAmericanEnglish,African-AmericanVernacularEnglish,andsomedialectsoftheWesternUnitedStatesandtheMidwesternUnitedStates.ItisalsousedoutsidetheUnitedStatesintheEnglish-speakingislandsoftheWestIndies,SriLankanEnglishlSuggestive:makingpeoplethinkaboutsexle.g.suggestivejokesltomakesuggestiveremarkslgear:gear something to/towards something(usuallypassive):tomake,changeorpreparesomethingsothatitissuitableforaparticularpurposele.g.Thecoursehadbeengearedtowardsthespecificneedsofitsmembers.l课程已作调整，以满足学员的特别需要。lPara.8lPersonalads:Apersonalorpersonaladisanitemornoticetraditionallyinthenewspaper,similartoaclassifiedadbutpersonaldisambiguationneededinnature.InBritishEnglishitisalsocommonlyknownasan advert in a lonely hearts column.Withitsriseinpopularity,theWorldWideWebhasalsobecomeacommonmediumforpersonals,commonlyreferredtoasonlinedating.Personalsaregenerallymeanttogenerateromance,friendship,orcasual(sometimessexual)encounters,andusuallyincludeabasicdescriptionofthepersonpostingit,andtheirinterests.lDuetonewspaperpricesbeingbasedoncharactersorlinesoftext,ajargonofabbreviations,acronymsandcodewordsaroseinpersonals,andhavecarriedovertotheinternet.(D-Divorced,asinDHF(DivorcedHispanicFemale/DDF-DrugandDiseaseFree/ISO-InSearchOf/J-Jewish,asinSJM(SingleJewishMale)lNewsgroup:AnewsgroupisanInternetsitewherepeoplecanputinformationandopinionsaboutaparticularsubjectsotheycanbereadbyeveryonewholooksatthesite.lPara.11lIncidental:Ifonethingisincidentaltoanother,itislessimportantthantheotherthingorisnotamajorpartofit.le.g.Thediscoverywasincidentaltotheirmainresearch.l这一发现是他们主要研究中的附带收获。l“Maybewewouldhavehititoffjustaswellhadwemetsomeotherway.”lHititoff:tohaveagoodfriendlyrelationshipwithsomebody(informal)le.g.Wehititoffstraightaway.我们一见如故。lIfwehavemeteachothersomewhereelse,notthroughinternet,wemightalsohavebecomefriendsandfalleninlove.Reading 2lWhydidtheReddensbuytheirchildrenacomputerthoughthewerenotveryrich?lWhatwastheresponseofthepeopleinTaverntoSusanssignalforhelp?lWhathappentoSusanwhenshewassearchingtheInternetforinformationinthelibrary?lWhatdidtheauthorcompareSusanspainto?WhichverbsvividlydescribedSusanspain?lWhycouldSusanonlyresorttoInternet?lWhatsthesheriffsattitudetowardsthisaffair?Howdidthetwosheriffsdealwiththisemergency?lWhatmadeDebbiebelieveSusanwasnotplayingagame?The process of how Susan Hicks was savedlSusansenttheSOSmessageontheInternet.(para.7-12)lSeanreadthemessageandtoldhismotheraboutit,whocalledtheSheriffsDepartment.(para.13-30)lAmyandDebrareceivedtheemergencycallandtalkedtodifferentoperatorsandwerefinallyswitchedtoarescuestationinKerava,whereSusanwas.(para.31-52)lTheemergencypersonnelinKeravawenttotheschoolandfoundSusan.(para.53-56)lSusanwassenttoahospital.(para.57-58)lPara.2lSqueeze:toforcesomebody/something/yourselfintoorthroughasmallspacele.g.tosqueezeintoatightdress/aparkingspacel勉强穿上一件瘦连衣裙；把车勉强开进一个停车位lpara.3l“SharonReddensmiledasSeannavigatedthebrightlycoloredpathwaysfromoneWebsitetoanother,thesmallkitchenechoingwithelectronicbeeps.”lAtranquilscene:themotherisinaslightandgoodmoodwhilethesonwasbrowsingthecolorfulwebsites.Suchtranquilsceneisacontrastwiththeemergencylater.lonatightbudget:shortofmoneyinstraitenedcircumstances.lgraymonster:computerlpara.6lGothic fantasy:Gothicfiction(sometimesreferredtoasGothichorror)isagenreofliteraturethatcombineselementsofbothhorrorandromance.Asagenre,itisgenerallybelievedtohavebeeninventedbytheEnglishauthorHoraceWalpole,withhis1764novelTheCastleofOtranto.lTheeffectofGothicfictionfeedsonapleasingsortofterror,anextensionofRomanticliterarypleasuresthatwererelativelynewatthetimeofWalpolesnovel.Melodramaandparody(includingself-parody)wereotherlong-standingfeaturesoftheGothicinitiatedbyWalpole.lGothic fashionisaclothingstylewornbymembersoftheGothsubculture;adark,sometimesmorbid病态的fashionandstyleofdress.TypicalGothicfashionincludesblackdyedandcrimped卷曲的hair,blacklipsandblackclothes.Androgynity（thestateofbeingneitherdistinctlymasculinenordistinctlyfeminine）iscommon,withbothfemaleandmalegothswearingcosmetics,skirtsorhighheels.StylesareoftenborrowedfromthePunks,VictoriansandElizabethans.lGothic metalorgothmetalisasubgenreofheavymetalmusic.lCyberpal:thefriendonthenet(penpal)lPara.10lLightenthemood:ltomaketheatmospherelessseriouslPara.16lPleasefindthewordsthatdescribetheterriblepainofSusansbody.lShootthrough,joltup,bearintolPara.17lRib cage:Yourrib cageisthestructureofribsinyourchest.ItprotectsyourlungsandotherorganslPara.18lOutofthequestion：impossible/outofquestion:noproblemlPara.21lTensely:lanxiouslyandnervouslyl“Thistimeofday,withsomanypeopleonline,exchangingmessagesseemedtotakeforever.”lThetimeduringwhichwewaittheresponsefromSusanseemedverylong,becauseweareanxiousandnervous.lPara.22lMischievous:enjoyingplayingtricksandannoyingpeoplelPara.24l“Sharontappedherfootimpatiently.”lThemotherfeltthatthegirlwascheatingthem,soshethoughtwithangerthatitwasunworthytowastetimeonher.lPara.32lSharethiseveningshift:beonthenightshiftwithhimlPara.38startacomputerlogoftheincident:begintorecordtheincidentinthecomputer.lLog:anofficialrecordofeventsduringaparticularperiodoftime,especiallyajourneyonashiporplanelPara.45switchtoshoutmode:ltypeinboldlettertocallthegirlsattention/shoutthosewordsouthimselflpara.50l“Iknow,Debbieconceded.”lItwasquitenaturaltodisbelievethiscross-countriesemergencyatfirstlPara.57lSpill:ofpeople人tocomeoutofaplaceinlargenumbersandspreadoutle.g.门开了，人们涌上街道。lThedoorsopenedandpeoplespilledintothestreet.l灯光从窗口照射出来。lLightspilledfromthewindows.Reading 3lWhydidBobcallthecardealerbeforehewenttobuythecar?WhatwasthereasonthatthesalesmangaveBobfornotbeingabletosellhimthecarattheadvertisedprice?lHowdidpeoplehandleragebeforee-mail?lDidthosemethodswork?lListalltheexamplesinthetextofhowtheInternethasbeenusedtoassistpeople.lDescribethepresentconditionoftheauthorofSexualPolitics.lpara.3ljuniorcollege:IntheUnitedStates,ajuniorcollegeisatwo-yearpost-secondaryschoolwhosemainpurposeistoprovideacademic,vocationalandprofessionaleducation.Thehighestcertificateofferedbysuchschoolsisusuallyanassociatesdegree,althoughmanyjuniorcollegestudentscontinuetheireducationatauniversityorcollege,transferringsomeorallofthecreditearnedatthejuniorcollegetowardthedegreerequirementsofthefour-yearschool.Para.5Extended-cab（800）59-DONORlPara.9lCite:toordersomebodytoappearinacourtoflaw;tonamesomebodyofficiallyinalegalcaselawVNformallHewascitedforcontemptofcourt.l他因蔑视法庭而被传讯。lShewascitedinthedivorceproceedings.l她在离婚诉讼中被传唤。lPara.10lAOL:AmericanonlinelPara.11lImpotent:havingnopowertochangethingsortoinfluenceasituationle.g.Withoutthechairmanssupport,thecommitteeisimpotent.l没有主席的支持，委员会是无能为力的。lSheblazedwithimpotentrage.l她勃然大怒，但于事无补。lThreaten:tosaythatyouwillcausetrouble,hurtsomebody,etc.ifyoudonotgetwhatyouwantlThreatentosue:lmakethreatstoothersbysayingthatyouwillgotomakeaclaimagainsttheminthecourtlPara.13lTellon:Ifyoutell onsomeone,yougiveinformationaboutthemtoapersoninauthority,especiallyiftheyhavedonesomethingwrong.lPara.14lGroundbreaking:Youusegroundbreakingtodescribethingswhichyouthinkaresignificantbecausetheyprovidenewandpositiveideas,andinfluencethewaypeoplethinkaboutthings.lSexualpolitics:SexualPoliticsisaclassicfeministtextwrittenbyKateMillett,saidtobethefirstbookofacademicfeministliterarycriticism,andoneofthefirstfeministbooksofthisdecadetoraisenationwidemaleire.lBasedonherPhDdissertation,itwaspublishedin1970.Milletarguesthatsexhasafrequentlyneglectedpoliticalaspectandgoesontodiscusstherolethatpatriarchyplaysinsexualrelations,lookingespeciallyattheworksofD.H.Lawrence,HenryMiller,andNormanMailer.Milletarguesthattheseauthorsviewanddiscusssexinapatriarchalandsexistway.Incontrast,sheapplaudsthemorenuancedgenderpoliticsofhomosexualwriterJeanGenet.l“nothingIwritenowhasanyprospectofseeingprint.”lWhatIwritenowisimpossibletobeprinted.lPara.15lNeimanMarcus:aluxuryspecialtyretaildepartmentstorelgetbackat:retaliateagainstReading 4lSenator J.James Exon and Communications Decency Act(CDA)lSenator J.James Exon was born in South Dakota,on August 9,1921.He was raised in the rural community of Lake Andes,South Dakota and moved to Nebraska and attended the University of Omaha from 1939 to 1942.He was awarded an honorary doctor of law degree by Creighton University in 1991.lAsaNebraskaSenator,JimExonoldsthatcyberspaceisdangerousandthatitstimeforgovernmenttostepinandmakeitsafeforordinarypeople.AndtoExon,safetymeanscontrollingsexualcontentonline.lSenatorExonistheauthorofthelawthatprotectschildrenfromcomputerpornographybymakingitillegaltosendindecentmaterialtoachildortodisplayiton-lineinareaswherekidscangettoit.Thelawalsostrengthensandupdatesotherprotectionsagainsttelecommunicationharassmentandpornography.TheCommunicationsDecencyActwaspassedbytheUnitedStatesSenateinJune1995byalargemajority.lWhatisthemainideaofthearticle?Useonesentencetostatethemainidea.lWhatistheauthorsattitudetowardstheissueofnetcensorship?Istheauthorforitoragainstit?lWhat,accordingtotheauthor,istherealpurposeofthosepeoplewhosupportCDA?lWhatdoestheauthorsayaboutthecontributionoftheInternetintermsofmediapower?lPara.4l“Itcomesdowntothis:Wecannotprotectchildrenbyunderminingthefoundationsofdemocracy.”lItcomesdowntothis:theideaisthislWhole:theideaisthis:thefoundationsofdemocracyshouldnotbeshakenforthepurposeofprotectingchildren.lPara.8l“ThenotionthattheInternetmakesitpossibletotransmitlegallyobscenematerialandremainimmunetoprosecutionwasoneofthefalsehoodspromulgatedbytheCDAsbackers.”lTheideathattheInternethasmadetransmissionoflegallyobscenematerialpossiblebutstaysfreefromprosecutionisanduntruestatementpropagatedbyCDAssupporters.lPara.9l“Technologyintersectsdemocracywhentechnologychangesthewaywecommunicate.”lWhentechnologychangesthewaywecommunicate,wecansaytechnologygivesdemocracynewchannelsofinfluence.lPara.11l“Peoplewhosewealthandpowerdependoncontroloverthefew-to-manymediaofnewspapers,televisionandradioarethreatenedbythediffusionofthepowerviamany-to-manycommunications.”lPeoplewhosewealthandpowercomefromthecontrolofnewspaper,televisionandradio,thetraditionalfew-to-manymedia,feelthreatenedbytheextensivepoweroftheInternettoeveryordinaryperson,asitimpliestheirlossofwealthandpower.
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