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1 1Introduction to Chinese Foreign TradeWelcome to ClassTeachingobjectivesIntroductionChineseforeigntradeisanimportantprofessionalbasiccourseofinternationaltradediscipline,followingtherulesofsocialistmarketeconomyandinternationaleconomic,studyingthebasictheoriesofChineseforeigntradepoliciesandpracticalproblems.Thenatureofthecourse:Itsamacrocourse,studyingthetheories,policiesandpracticalproblemsfrommacroview.Itsdevelopingandcomprehensivecourseasacombinationoftheoryandpractice.Weneedtocontinuouslyexplorenewtheoreticalsubjectandsummarizeexperience.2 2TeachingobjectivesWeneedtomasterthebasictheoryandbasicknowledgeofChineseforeigntrade,acomprehensivegraspofpolicyandprincipleofChinasforeigntrade,andtocorrectlyapplythetheoryandpolicytoanalysisandpracticalproblemsofChinasforeigntrade.3 3TeachingchaptersChapter1:ChinasopeningtotheoutsideworldandthedevelopmentofforeigntradeChapter2:ThetheoreticalbasisofthedevelopmentofforeigntradeChapter3:ForeigntradeandeconomicdevelopmentChapter4:ReformofthemacromanagementsystemofforeigntradeChapter5:Legislationmanagementofforeigntrade4 4TeachingchaptersChapter6:TheregulationandcontrolmeansofforeigntradeChapter7:TheadministrationofforeigntradeChapter8:ForeigntradeandFDIChapter9:TechnologytradeChapter10:ServicetradeChapter11:Therelationsofforeigntrade5 5NoticeTeachingmaterial:TheChinaRoleintheWorldTrade;PPTTeachingmethods:Lecture,practicemethod,casediscussion,groupwork,readingguidance,autonomouslearning,Assessmentandevaluation:Dailyperformance(40%)+Finalexam(60%)Dailyperformance:Attendance/Writingpapers/Discussion/practice6 6Background:Background:TheChangeofChina-EconomicChapter1:Chinasopeningtotheoutsideworldandthedevelopmentofforeigntrade19491976,TheMaoEra1Recoveryfromwar,1949-522TheFirstFive-YearPlan,1953-573TheGreatLeapForward,1958-604ThreeYearsofNaturalDisasters1958-19615CulturalRevolution1966-1976TheFirstFive-YearPlan,1953-57ForthispurposetheadministrationadoptedtheSovieteconomicmodelbasedonstateownershipinthemodernsector,largecollectiveunitsinagriculture,andcentralizedEconomicplanning.TheEleventhFive-YearGuideline,2006-2010AmongthemainpurposesoftheEleventhFive-YearGuidelinearesecuringeconomicgrowthandeconomicstructure,urbanizingthepopulation,conservingenergyandnationalresources,encouragingsoundenvironmentalpractices,andimprovingeducation.TheGreatLeapForward,1958-60Mobilizationofsurplusrurallaborandfurtherimprovementsinagriculturalefficiencyweretobeaccomplishedbyaleaptothefinalstageofagriculturalcollectivization-theformationofpeoplescommunes.DuringtheGreatLeapForward,theindustrialsectoralsowasexpectedtodiscoveranduseslacklaborandproductivecapacitytoincreaseoutputbeyondthelevelspreviouslyconsideredfeasible.Politicalzealwastobethemotiveforce,ThreeYearsofNaturalDisasters1958-1961TheGreatChineseFamine(officiallyreferredtoastheThreeYearsofNaturalDisasterswastheperiodinthePeoplesRepublicofChinabetween1958and1961characterizedbywidespreadfamine.Accordingtogovernmentstatistics,therewere15millionexcessdeathsinthisperiod.In1960,atleastsomedegreeofdroughtandotherbadweatheraffected55percentofcultivatedland,whileanestimated60%ofagriculturallandreceivednorain.19761989,Era of Reconstruction1 Economic reform2 Sino-Vietnamese WarFamous billboard of Deng in Shenzhen,one of the most successful Special Economic Zones created by his reforms.19892002,ARisingPowerOneCountry,TwoSystemsHongKong(1997)Macau(1999)Chinesereunification2002Present,ChinaTodayFourth Generation:The Hu-Wen administration Power transition Policy transition Media control Protection of individual rights Facing new issues SARS Avian flu Fixing imbalances Anti-corruption efforts Remaining challenges Population Pollution Succession Future prospects Global distribution of Chinese exports in 2006 as a percentage of the top market.The Chinese economic reformreferstotheprogramofeconomicreformscalledSocialismwithChinesecharacteristicsinthePeoplesRepublicofChina(PRC)thatwerestartedin1978bypragmatistswithintheCommunistPartyofChina(CPC)ledbyDengXiaopingandareongoingasoftheearly21stcentury.1979年大美人广告，该广告当年冲击力极大1980在观众看来，这仅次于完全裸体在观众看来，这仅次于完全裸体1981年买洗衣机是富有的象征，很多人羡慕1987年福利彩票发行。最吸引人的地方莫过于此1990年我国内地第一家麦当劳餐厅在深圳市开业1991年BP机。年轻人喜欢用它来传递情话1992年全民炒股从此开始，举国疯狂2000年网络游戏开始流行1997年邓小平同志离世；香港回归。1996年5月，第一家网吧威盖特在上海出现1995年珠海标语：学习浦东经验，建设珠海西区2006年年度人物：网民。年年度人物：网民。2005年超级女声火了2003年，非典爆发。2002年，手机短信火爆Reformoftheeconomicsystem,beginningin1979the milestone:ThirdPlenumoftheNationalPartyCongresss11thCentralCommitteeinDecember1978,undertakeaprogramofgradualbutfundamentalreformoftheeconomicsystem.MaoistversionofthecentrallyplannedeconomyhadfailedtoproduceefficienteconomicgrowthcausingChinatofallfarbehindnotonlytheindustrializednationsoftheWestbutalsothenewindustrialpowersofAsia.Onthestrengthoftheseinitialsuccesses,thereformprogramwasbroadened,andtheleadershipunderDengXiaopingfrequentlyremarkedthatChinasbasicpolicywas reform and opening,thatis,reformoftheeconomicsystemandopeningtoforeigntrade.Themostconspicuoussymbolsofthenewstatusofforeigntradewerethefourcoastalspecialeconomiczones,whichwerecreatedin1979asenclaveswhereforeigninvestmentcouldreceivespecialtreatment.Worries-thechallengetopartyauthoritypresentedbytheprinciplesoffreemarketactivityandprofessionalmanagerialautonomy.-awaveofcrime,corruption,and-inthemindsofmanyolderpeople-moraldeteriorationcausedbytheloosereconomicandpoliticalclimate.Themostfundamentaltensionswerethosecreatedbythewideningincome disparities betweenthepeoplewhoweregettingrichandthosewhowerenotandbythepervasivethreatofinflation.ThewealthyeasterncoastRiseofcentralchinaRevitalizeofnortheastChinaswestdevelopmentSpecialEconomicZonesofthePeoplesRepublicofChinaSpecialEconomicZones(SEZs)locatedinmainlandChina.ChinagivesSEZsspecialeconomicpoliciesandflexiblegovernmentalmeasures,allowingSEZstoutilizeaneconomicmanagementsystemthatisespeciallyconducivetobusiness,andthatdoesnotexistoutsideofSEZsintherestofmainlandChina.EconomicadvantagesSpecialtaxincentivesforforeigninvestmentsintheSEZs.Greaterindependenceoninternationaltradeactivities.Economiccharacteristicsarerepresentedas4 principles:1Constructionsprimarilyreliesonattractingandutilizingforeigncapitals2Primaryeconomicformsaresino-foreignjointventuresandpartnershipsaswellaswhollyforeign-ownedenterprises3Productsareprimarilyexport-oriented4EconomicactivitiesareprimarilydrivenbymarketIn1984,thePRCfurtheropened14coastalcitiestooverseasinvestment:Dalian,Qinhuangdao,Tianjin,Yantai,Qingdao,Lianyungang,Nantong,Shanghai,Ningbo,Wenzhou,Fuzhou,Guangzhou,ZhanjiangandBeihai.Inaddition,15freetradezones,32state-leveleconomicandtechnologicaldevelopmentzones,and53new-andhigh-techindustrialdevelopmentzoneshavebeenestablishedinlargeandmedium-sizedcities.Astheseopenareasadoptdifferentpreferentialpolicies,theyplaythedualrolesofwindowsindevelopingtheforeign-orientedeconomy,generatingforeignexchangesthroughexportingproductsandimportingadvancedtechnologiesandofradiatorsinacceleratinginlandeconomicdevelopment.XiaoKangatermthatdescribesasocietyofmodestmeans,orasocietycomposedofafunctionalmiddle-class.Itislooselyequivocatedtoabasicallywell-offsocietywherebythepeopleareabletoliverelativelycomfortably,albeitordinarily.ThetermwasfirstusedinClassic of Poetrywrittenasearlyas3000yearsago.Thevisionofaxiaokangsocietyisoneinwhichmostpeoplearemoderatelywelloffandmiddleclass,andinwhicheconomicprosperityissufficienttomovemostofthepopulationinmainlandChinaintocomfortablemeans,butinwhicheconomicadvancementisnotthesolefocusofsociety.Explicitlyincorporatedintotheconceptofaxiaokangsocietyistheideathateconomicgrowthneedstobebalancedwithsometimesconflictinggoalsofsocialequalityandenvironmentalprotection.Harmonious SocietyTheconstructionofaHarmonious Society(simplifiedChinese:和谐社会;pinyin:hxishhu)isasocio-economicvisionthatissaidtobetheultimateendresultofChineseleaderHuJintaossignatureideologyoftheScientific Development Concept.ItservesastheultimategoalfortherulingCommunistPartyofChinaalongwithXiaokang society,whichaimsforabasicallywell-offmiddle-classorientedsociety.FirstproposedbytheChinesegovernmentundertheHu-WenAdministrationduringthe2005NationalPeoplesCongress,theideachangesChinasfocusfromeconomicgrowthtooverallsocietalbalanceandharmony.TheideaisclearlyvisibleinbannersalloverChina.TheideahasbeendescribedasresemblingcharacteristicsofNewConfucianisminsomeaspects.ChinasForeignTradeI.HistoricProgressinChinasForeignTradeII.ReformofandImprovementstoChinasForeignTradeSystemIII.TheDevelopmentofChinasForeignTradeContributestotheWorldEconomyIV.PromotingBasicallyBalancedGrowthofForeignTradeV.ConstructingAll-roundEconomicandTradePartnershipswithMutuallyBeneficialCooperationVI.RealizingSustainableDevelopmentofForeignTradeGroupwork5-8studentsinagroupCompletethetasksafterreadingmaterials:1.Summarytheviewsinyourgroup;2.Findthespecificpoliciesinyourmaterial;3.Discussthekeyissuesinthedata;4.Amembergivesthepresentationofyourmaterial.
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