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Unit4 EarthquakeGrammar5/4/20241定语从句定语从句The Attributive Clause5/4/20242 带定语从句的谚语：1.God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助之。2.He who laughs last laughs best.谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好。3.He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man.不到长城非好汉。5/4/202431.Then,later that afternoon,another big quake _shookTangshan.2.The army organized teams to dig out those_.which was almost as strong as the first onewho were trapped and to bury the deadSome sentences with atrributive clause in the text5/4/20244But the people in the city,_ _ went to sleep as usual that night.It was heard in Beijing,_ who thought little of these events,which is more than 200 kilometers away.5/4/20245A huge crack _ _ cut across houses,roads and canals.The number of people _ _ reached more than 400,000.that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide who were killed or injured5/4/202461.定义定义：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句2.先行词先行词：被修饰的名词被修饰的名词,代词或整句话代词或整句话关系代词、关系副词关系代词、关系副词：3.引导定语从句的词引导定语从句的词关系代词：关系代词：关系副词：关系副词：when,where,why等等who,whom,whose,which,that等等定语从句的相关概念定语从句的相关概念There was an earthquake which happenedin Tangshan in 1976.5/4/20247引导定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词指代人指代人 指代事物指代事物 所属关系所属关系 指地点指地点 指时间指时间 指原因指原因 who，whom，thatwhich，thatwhosewherewhenwhy关关系系代代词词关关系系副副词词5/4/20248I have an apple.The apple is red.I have an applethat/which is red.修饰先行词修饰先行词 an apple 5/4/20249I like some friends.Some friends like sports.I like frineds who/that like sports.修饰先行词修饰先行词 friends 5/4/202410The boy who is reading is Tom.先行词先行词关系代词关系代词Hospital is a place where a doctor works.先行词先行词关系副词关系副词Join the following sentences:A plane is a machine.The machine can fly.关系代词的实质关系代词的实质5/4/202412Join the following sentences:A plane is a machine.The machine can fly.A plane is can fly.关系代词的实质关系代词的实质a machine the machine5/4/202413关系代词的实质关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.5/4/202414关系代词的实质关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl5/4/202415关系代词的实质关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl5/4/202416关系代词的实质关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl5/4/202417关系代词的实质关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl5/4/202418关系代词的实质关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl5/4/202419关系代词的实质关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl5/4/202420关系代词的实质关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl5/4/202421关系代词的实质关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.that/who/whomThe girl注意避免重复注意避免重复5/4/202422关系代词的用法关系代词的用法关系代词在从句中可以：关系代词在从句中可以：指人指人指物指物subject(主语主语)object(宾语宾语)attribute（定语）（定语）whomwhowhichthatwhose何时可以省略？何时可以省略？做宾语时可以省略做宾语时可以省略5/4/202423三三.关系代词的基本用法和注意点关系代词的基本用法和注意点1.关系代词的基本用法关系代词的基本用法三.1.关系代词的基本用法关系代关系代词 指代的先指代的先行行词充当从句的成分充当从句的成分who人人主主语、宾语whom人人宾语which物物主主语、宾语that人或物人或物主主语、宾语、表、表语whose人或物人或物定定语5/4/202424看图连句看图连句5/4/202425The man _ is Liuxiang.who ran fastestLiuxiang is the man _.who ran fastest5/4/202426Changzhou is a cityChangzhou is a city _ _._ _.Changzhou a citydevelop fast which/that develops fast5/4/202427He is the man(that)I told you about.that 指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。语。作宾语时，可省略。A plane is a machine that can fly.that5/4/202428 who指人指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。语时，可省略。The man(who)I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.whom指人指人,在定语从句中作宾语，可省略在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。The man(whom)I nodded to is Mr.Li.who,whom5/4/202429 which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。语。作宾语时，可省略。These are the trees which were planted last year.This recorder（which）he is using ismade in Japan.which5/4/202430whose指人或物指人或物,在定语从句中作定语在定语从句中作定语。不可省略。不可省略。We live in a house whose windows face south.This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake.whose5/4/202431(1)I lost the books _I borrowed from the library A.what B.that C.whom D.them (2)The foreigner _ visited our school is from Canada.A.he B.she C.who D.whom (3)She lives in a house _window opens to north.A.which B.whose C.its D.whom5/4/202432(1)Did you see the film _was shown last night.A.who B.what C.which D.it(2)I dont like people _speak with their mouths full of food.A.who B.whose C.they D.whom 5/4/202433The city _ _ is Beijing.whichthat hosted the 2008 Olympic GamesThe city host(举办举办)2oo8 Olympic Games Beijing5/4/2024341.The man _came to our school is Mr.Wang.2.The girl _ I met is Lucy.3.A child _parents are dead is called Tom.4.I like the book _ you bought yesterday.5.We shall never forget the days _we spent together.6.I like the person _you just talked.7.I have a room _window faces south.who,thatwhom,that,who,/whosethat,which,/that,which,/to whomwhose5/4/202435一、一、that和和which用法的区别用法的区别(1)先行词为先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much 等不定代词时。等不定代词时。I am sure she has something _ you can borrow.(2)先行词被先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等等 修饰时。修饰时。Ive read all the books _ you lend me.1、只能用、只能用that不用不用which的情况的情况(that)thatDo you have anything _ you dont understand?(that)Please send us any information _ you have about the subject.that5/4/202436(3)先行词被先行词被序数词序数词或或最高级最高级修饰时。修饰时。This is the first book _ he has read.(that)It is the most beautiful city _ Ive ever seen.that(4)先行词被先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修修饰时。饰时。This is the very book _ belongs to him.thatHe is the only person _ was present at the time.that5/4/202437(6)先行词是先行词是who或或which引导的主句。引导的主句。Who is the girl _ drove the car?(7)主句以主句以there be 引导时。引导时。There are more than 400,000 people _ died or were injured in the earthquake.(5)先行词先行词既有人又有物既有人又有物时。时。The famous writer and his works _ the radio broadcast are popular to the students.thatthatthat5/4/202438(1)关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语介词作宾语（介词提前）。（介词提前）。There are many trees _ they can have a rest.This is the ring _ she spent 1000 dollars.2、只用、只用which不用不用that的情况的情况(2)在非限制性定语从句中。在非限制性定语从句中。Football,_ is a very popular game,is played all over the world.under whichon whichwhich5/4/202439二、只用二、只用who的情况的情况One _ has nothing to fear dares to tell the truth.The ones _ laugh at the disabled are not good students.Anyone _ fails to finish the task should be punished.Those _ want to go to The Great Wall sigh up here.whowhowhowho先行词是先行词是one,ones,anyone,those时用时用who.5/4/2024405/4/202441Exercises:1.All _ is useful to us is good.A.which B.what C.that D.whether2.She will never forget the days _ she spent in Beijing.A.when B.what C.which D.why3.The man _ you are talking about is in the next room.A.to whom B.whom C.who D.which5/4/2024424.The text is one of the most interesting stories _ learned in the past three years.A.that have B.that have been C.which has D.which has been5.The college wont take on anyone _ eyesight is weak.A.who B.whose C.of whom D.which5/4/2024436.Here is the bicycle _ in the shop.A.that you saw it B.that saw it C.you saw D.you saw it7.Those _ to take part in the game write down your names,please.A.who B.who want C.that wants D want8.I,_ your good friend,will try my best to help you out.A.who is B.what is C.what am D.who am5/4/2024445/4/202445Make a report about the typhoon:(using attributive clauses)typhoonattack Huzhouon Oct.7thfor a long timestrong wind and heavy raincause damage5 million peoplego throughtrapped or injuredbuildingsflood and mud-rock flow4.5 billion moneyrescue,helpon one was killed5/4/202446Make a report about the typhoon:(using attributive clauses)There was a typhoon _ attacked Huzhou on Oct.7th this year.It was a strong typhoon _ stayed in Zhejiang for a long time.It brought strong wind and heavy rain,_ caused a lot of damage.More than 5 million people went through the typhoon,among _ many people were trapped or injured.Many buildings fell down.It caused flood and mud-rock flow in many places,_ resulted in a loss of more than 4.5 billion money.Teams were organized to rescue those _ were trapped and help was given to those _ suffered from the typhoon.Luckily,it was reported that no one was killed.thatthat/whichwhichwhomwhichwhowho5/4/202447Homework:1.Review the Attributive Clause2.Exercise Book A,P33-35（1、4）3.Exercise Book B,P18-19（1、2）5/4/2024485/4/202449
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