测井资料及应用

China National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006测井资料及其应用测井资料及其应用(1)长城钻探解释研究中心长城钻探解释研究中心China National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006测井-地质家的”眼睛”多种测井方法多种测井方法-信息丰富信息丰富,便于综合分析便于综合分析纵向分辨率高纵向分辨率高-有效储层可划分到有效储层可划分到0.4m(高分辨率的可达高分辨率的可达到到可快速可快速,连续测量连续测量-信息采集方便信息采集方便许多项目可在裸眼及套管井中测量许多项目可在裸眼及套管井中测量-可实行动态跟踪监可实行动态跟踪监测测横向对比分辨率及精度高横向对比分辨率及精度高-地层对比地层对比,构造及沉积相分析构造及沉积相分析 测井技术的局限性测井技术的局限性:不确定性不确定性;多解性多解性China National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,20061、测井资料的分类、测井资料的分类 随着测井技术的发展，测井新技术、新方法的不断出现，随着测井技术的发展，测井新技术、新方法的不断出现，测井资料日趋丰富。人们采用了各种方法对测井资料进行了分测井资料日趋丰富。人们采用了各种方法对测井资料进行了分类，以便于应用。类，以便于应用。按测量原理分类：电法测井、声测井、放射性测井、核磁测按测量原理分类：电法测井、声测井、放射性测井、核磁测井等；井等；按井别分类：探井、评价井、开发井等测井系列；按井别分类：探井、评价井、开发井等测井系列；按井眼状况分类：裸眼井测井、套管井测井；按井眼状况分类：裸眼井测井、套管井测井；按用途分类：常规测井、特殊测井。按用途分类：常规测井、特殊测井。China National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,20062.常规测井系列 “三孔隙度,三电阻率”测井系列 -最常用,有效的测井系列“三孔隙度”-补偿中子,补偿密度,声波时差“三电阻率”-深探测电阻率,中(浅)探测电阻率,微聚焦(冲 洗带)电阻率自然伽玛-岩性识别(指标)曲线自然电位-渗透率指示曲线井径-井身状况(质量)China National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006 “三孔隙度,三电阻率”测井系列曲线图China National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006自然伽玛自然伽玛 GR(Gamma Ray Log)China National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006测量原理测量原理 测量地层中天然放射性物质所放射出的伽玛射线测量地层中天然放射性物质所放射出的伽玛射线 通常泥岩中沉积有较多的放射性物质通常泥岩中沉积有较多的放射性物质 GR是很好的泥质指示曲线是很好的泥质指示曲线当地层中含有某种高当地层中含有某种高GR射线的放射性矿物射线的放射性矿物,如铀矿时如铀矿时,GR不能不能 用作泥质指示曲线用作泥质指示曲线China National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006不同岩性中的 GR 记量纯砂岩泥质砂岩泥岩灰岩白云岩煤硬石膏火山岩20-30API30-50API70API15-20API16-20API15-15API130APIChina National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006GRABCGRA 纯砂岩纯砂岩 GR35-50B 泥质砂岩泥质砂岩 GR70-90C 泥岩泥岩 GR90-120 厚砂层厚砂层上部上部 纯砂岩纯砂岩 GR33底部底部 泥质砂岩泥质砂岩 GR65GR30 130China National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006CaA A:钙质夹层 -GR 比砂岩低coal煤质夹层 -GR 比砂岩低China National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006 灰岩 GR非常低,GR Rw(淡水泥浆淡水泥浆)SP负值异常负值异常 China National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006当当 Rmf Rw(咸水泥浆咸水泥浆)SP正值异常正值异常 China National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006Base lineChina National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006ShaleBase lineSP 负值异常 (Rmfm /16.7C,)RwChina National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006 正值异常正值异常 SP Rmfm/27.8C,Rwm SPShale baselineRwChina National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006 当 Rmf Rw无离子交换SP平缓或无幅度SPSPChina National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006SP应用应用(1)识别渗透层识别渗透层(2)划分层界面划分层界面(3)计算泥质含量计算泥质含量(4)计算地层水电阻率计算地层水电阻率(5)沉积环境分析沉积环境分析China National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006Identify Permeable Zones 只有在渗透层才会产生SP 渗透性越好,SP幅度越大CNGas zoneChina National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006致密夹层 低幅度SP China National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006Define Bed BoundaryHalf of abnormal amplitude point will be boundaries of shale and sand.The bed thickness is the interval between two boundaries.SHALESHALESANDChina National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006Real case of identify bed boundaryWell kar-7 1940-1970mChina National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006计算泥质含量计算泥质含量 The presence of shale in an“clean”sand will tend to reduce the SP.This effect can be used to estimate the shale content of a formation.(Vsh)SP=Here:SPshale is the value observed in a shale;SPclean is the value observed in a clean,water-bearing sand;We also call SPshale the base line of shale.(SP SPclean )(SPshale SPclean)China National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006 In some sand reservoir,when SP curve is good,SP can be used to calculate shale value Vsh SP is good,and has good correlation with GR,Rt,DENChina National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006计算地层水电阻率计算地层水电阻率 Formation water resistivity(Rw)is a significant parameter to estimate oil or water saturation.SP curve can be used for estimating Rw.The equation is:SP =K log(Rmfe/Rwe)where Rmfe,Rwe are“equivalent”Rmf or Rwe which suppose no shoulder bed effect on them.China National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006沉积环境分析沉积环境分析 由于岩石渗透性与岩石颗粒有关由于岩石渗透性与岩石颗粒有关,SP形态与幅形态与幅度的变化与岩石颗粒密切有关度的变化与岩石颗粒密切有关 岩石颗粒的大小及分选的程度与其沉积的环境岩石颗粒的大小及分选的程度与其沉积的环境有关有关.所以所以SP的形态在一定程度上能揭示当时的沉的形态在一定程度上能揭示当时的沉积环境积环境China National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006 Fluvial fan River Root of fan middle of fan end of fan braid shape snake shapeChina National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006 Delta Sand dam Branch Mouth Front Sand beach Body of Inner wing River of dam of dam main dam of damNo bottom flowingOut wing of dam