词性转换规律

词性转换规律词性转换规律英语词性英语词性/形的重要性形的重要性 英英语是是重形重形的分析的分析语,英英语的多的多变在于其在于其有有严密的密的语法法结构与多构与多变的句型的句型。句型。句型结构构多多变的原因之一的原因之一,是是词性性/形多形多变。词性性变化化导致句子致句子结构构变化。化。新考高考模式下新考高考模式下对词性的要求加大。如性的要求加大。如语法填空，改法填空，改错都涉及到都涉及到词性性转换。书面表面表达同达同样要求准确表达。要求准确表达。基本基本单词词性性的掌握有利于的掌握有利于类推推词性性扩大大词汇量量很可怕吗？词性转换主要涉及n.v.adj.adv.转换及部分pron.num.的变形。考察的是考纲基本词汇的变形。应对策略：基本词的派生要熟悉，多读。了解词性派生的基本规律。常见词性转换考法（语法填空和改错）1.V.n.adj.V.2.Adj.adv.n.Adj.v.opp.adj常常见词性性转换规律律1.adjn.的常的常见后后缀-ness Eg，happyhappinesskindnesssicknesssadnesscarefulness-(t)y 常加在t结尾的adj后。Eg，certaintyroyaltyloyaltynoveltysafetydifficultymodestyhonesty；deliverydiscoveryrecoverybravery-ity 加ity在r结尾的adj后。Eg，popularity，similaritymajorityminorityfamiliaritymaturitysinceritynecessitypoorpovertycreativitycuriositydiversityvarietysocietyadjn.的常的常见后后缀ent/antence/ance.Eg,present-presenceabsencesilencedifferencepatienceintelligenceconfidencediligenceevident-evidenceimportancesignificancedistanceent-ency efficiencyfluencyfrequencycurrencyemergencyurgencyaccuracy-able-ability possibilityresponsibilityadjn.的常的常见后后缀-domwisdomboredomfreedomkingdom-thwarmthtruthdepthwidthbirthdeathgrowthlengthstrengthheightweightcomplaintv.n.的常的常见后后缀-ment Eg，amazementamusemententertainmentexcitementastonishmentarrangementjudgementargumentachievementdevelopmentadjustmentpunishmentpublishmentemployment-(at)ion.predictionadoptionadaptationeducationreflectionattractionactionrejectionconsiderationcombinationexplorationpublicationimitationimplicationsimplificationcreationrelaxationfixationoccupationstarvation observation motivation impressionexpressiondepression realizationorganization特例comparecomparisonobey-obligationsatisfactionrecognitionapplicationLaughterv.n.的常的常见后后缀-ance加动词后appearanceassistanceresistanceacceptancerelianceignorancepreferencereferenceoccurrenceconsequenced(e)结尾的尾的动词变为sion。decide-decisionconclusionpersuasiondivisioninclusionexpansionexplosiond-se applause responseve/se结尾的动词变为val/sal。survivalarrivalapprovalproposalrefusaldisposalBelivebelief relieve-relief-age postage package carriage storageshortage 特例的少数情况AngryangerhungryhungerPermissionsubmissionadmissionomissionpleasepleasurefailurepressuremixturescribe结尾的变为ption。Descriptionsubscriptionabsorptionsume变sumptionconsumptionassumptionresumption变adj-ycloudysunnyfunnyrainysnowystormymuddymessydirtydustythirstygreedy-alseasonalculturalnaturalnationaloriginalemotionalmentalprofessionaloccasionalaccidental-calphysicalmagicallogicalmagical、medical-cialracialfacialbeneficialfinancialartificialessentialinfluencialsocial-icbasicscientificenergeticeconomichistoricelectricscenicoptimisticpessimistic变adj-ful/lessjoyfulcheerfulwonderfulsuccessfulthoughtfulgratefulpainfuluseful harmful helpful colorful meaningful hopeful pitiful merciful careful homelessendlessjobless变adj-able多加在动词后变能够.acceptablesuitablereliableadjustableadaptableadoptableunbelievableunforgettableunacceptableunpredictablehonorablerenewable Considerable-ousdangerouscuriouscautioushumorousgloriousvarious-iveimpressivedecisivepersuasiveattractivecreativeprotectivesupportive变adj （动词后加后加ed或或ing）-ingsurprising exciting disappointing interesting amazing amusing inspiring movinginvitingcharmingencouraginginspiringchallengingunderstandinglackingoutstandingEnergy/time-saving/consumingpeace-lovinglong-lastingeasy-goinggood-looking-edsurprised excited disappointed interested amazed amused inspired movedunexpectedadmittedhurriedundoubtedunemployedappointedtalented、giftedopen-mindedwarm-heartedabsent-mindedopen-endedman-made变动词的后的后缀en-un-ize -(i)fy-en enrich enable enlarge ensure endanger encourage unload uncover unfold unpack uncage unlockrealize,organize recognizeapologize,modernizesimplify beautify satisfy clarify classify identify purifydeepen broaden widen shorten lengthen threaten 常见特定含义的前缀Dis-disobeydisappeardislikedisagreedisorderdisadvantageMis-mistakemisusemisleadmisreadmisunderstandRe-retellrewriterebuildreplacerecyclereusePre-previewpredictprereadpreschoolunfold,unlockuncage形容形容词变副副词一般一般规律律:通常是加通常是加ly.请记住以下口住以下口诀：一般：一般直接加，直接加，“辅y”改改i加，加，“le”结尾尾e改改y。一般情况直接加一般情况直接加“ly”,(含以含以e结尾的和尾的和l结尾的形尾的形容容词)quickly/recently/sadly;fortunately/widely/wisely/immediately/safely/politely/sincerely/bravely,carefully/faithfully/peacefully,really/totally/naturally/fianlly/especially;hopefully与hopelesslyhurriedly,suddenly,特特例例true-trulyAdj-adv以以辅音字母加音字母加le结尾尾时,去去e加加y，如：，如：simple-simply;possible-possibly;probable-probably;terrible-terribly;gentle-gently;comfortable-comfortably以以-ll结尾尾时，只，只须加加yfull-fully,dull-dully;Adj-adv以以辅音加音加“y”结尾的，将尾的，将“y”改成改成“i”加加“ly”happy-happily;heavy-heavily;angry-angrily;busy-busily;lucky-luckily easily necessarily VS.shy-shyly dry-dryly以以ic结尾的尾的词，加，加ally，basic-basically;scientific-scientifically;economic-economically;automatically;特特例例public-publicly。结束语结束语谢谢大家聆听！谢谢大家聆听！22