英语词义猜测

英语词义猜测英语词义猜测Study aims掌握掌握“划线词划线词”的词义猜测解题策略的词义猜测解题策略Masterthestrategiesabouthowtoguessthemeaningofunderlinedwords.1.考查范围考查范围熟词熟词生义生义生词生词代词代词指代指代短语短语句子句子WhatdoestheunderlinedwordXXinParagraph.referto?2.常见设问常见设问 WhatdoestheunderlinedphraseXXinParagraph.mean?WhatdoestheauthormeanbyXXinParagraph.?WhichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedwordXXinParagraph.?WhichofthefollowingistheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedwordXX?3.猜词方法猜词方法前后句逻辑关系前后句逻辑关系上下文语境上下文语境语法结构解释构词法生活常识、文化背景 方法一方法一【前后句逻辑关系前后句逻辑关系-转折转折关系关系】TomisoneofthemostsuperciliousmenIknow.Hisbrother,incontrast,isquitemodest.Marissasaysthatalltheproblemsshegivesusaresimple,butwefeelthattheyareintricateandhardtosolve傲慢的，高傲的傲慢的，高傲的错综复杂的错综复杂的incontrast,onthecontrary,but,however,despite,unlike,while等等1.GraywolvesoncewereseenhereandthereintheYellowstoneareaandmuchofthecontinentalUnitedStates,buttheyweregraduallydisplacedbyhumandevelopment.Bythe1920s,wolveshadpracticallydisappearedfromtheYellowstonearea.TheywentfarthernorthintothedeepforestsofCanada,wheretherewerefewerhumansaround.(2017全国全国卷卷29)What does the underlined word“displaced”in the paragraph mean?A.Tested.B.Separated.C.Forced out.D.Tracked down.被迫离开被迫离开追查到追查到【前后句转折关系前后句转折关系】Tomisconsideredanautocraticadministratorbecausehemakesdecisionswithoutseekingtheopinionsofothers.Thereweresomanydemonstrators(示威者示威者)intheRedSquarethathehadtoelbowhiswaythroughthecrowd.独断专行的独断专行的独断专行的独断专行的 方法一方法一【前后句逻辑关系前后句逻辑关系-因果关系因果关系】用肘挤，用肘推用肘挤，用肘推用肘挤，用肘推用肘挤，用肘推because,since,for,as,so,asaresult,thus,thereforeso.that.,such.that.2.Therearealsovarietiesdevelopedtosuitspecificlocalconditions.OneoftheverybestvarietiesforeatingqualityisOrleansReinette,butyoullneedawarm,shelteredplacewithperfectsoiltogrowit,soitsapipedreamformostappleloverswhofallforit.(2016全国全国卷卷30)Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“apipedream”inParagraph3mean?A.Apracticalidea.B.Avainhope.C.Abrilliantplan.D.Aselfishdesire.【前后句因果关系前后句因果关系】Mymomisshortandfat.Theprincipalofourschoolisalmostasplumpasmymom,andmuchshorter.胖的胖的,丰腴的丰腴的模仿模仿模仿模仿Childrenoftentrytoemulateorcopythebehaviorthattheyseeontelevision.方法一方法一【前后句逻辑关系前后句逻辑关系-并列关系并列关系】also,as.as,similarly,and,or,justas,likewise等等 3.Someplantspumpoutsmellychemicalstokeepinsectsaway.Butothersdodoubleduty.Theypumpoutperfumesdesignedtoattractdifferentinsectswhoarenaturalenemiestotheattackers.Oncetheyarrive,thetablesareturned.Theattackerwhowaslunchingnowbecomeslunch.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“thetablesareturned”intheparagraph?A.Theattackersgetattacked.B.Theinsectsgatherunderthetable.C.Theplantsgetreadytofightback.D.Theperfumesattractnaturalenemies.(2017全国全国卷卷33)正在吃午餐的攻击者变成了午餐正在吃午餐的攻击者变成了午餐同义并列句：解释同义并列句：解释【前后句并列关系前后句并列关系】方法二方法二 代词指代猜测代词指代猜测【上下文语境【上下文语境-特别是上一句特别是上一句】(2017全国全国卷卷29)Despitethecelebrations,though,intheU.S.thejazzaudiencecontinuestoshrinkandgrowolder,andthemusichasfailedtoconnectwithyoungergenerations.ItsJasonMoransjobtohelpchangethatWhatdoestheunderlinedword“that”referto?A.Jazzbecomingmoreaccessible.B.Theproductionofjazzgrowingfaster.C.Jazzbeinglesspopularwiththeyoung.D.Thejazzaudiencebecominglarger.方法二方法二 名词常代前名词名词常代前名词【上下文语境】【上下文语境】(2015全国全国卷卷31)Thefineselectionofthemajorworkswasdoneinclosecollaboration(合作合作)withtheMuseoNacionalReinaSofiainMadrid,Spain,andwithcontributionsfromotherinstitutionsliketheSalvadorDaliMuseuminSt.Petersburg,Florida.What does the word“contributions”refer to?A.Artworks.B.Projects.C.Donations.D.Documents.方法三方法三 语法结构语法结构解释解释【下定义】【下定义】mean,referto,thatis,is,is/arecalled,namely,knownas后的内容就是对前面生词详细注解！后的内容就是对前面生词详细注解！Itwillbeveryhardbutalsoverybrittlethatis,itwillbreakeasily.【定语从句】【定语从句】Jackisnowaflorist,whokeepsashopforsellingflowersinourdistrict.【同位语】【同位语】Semantics,thestudyofthemeaningofwords,isnecessaryifyouaretospeakandreadintelligently.【举例子】【举例子】forexample,suchas,like,including,epeciallyTommustbeveryaffluent.Hewearexpensiveclothes,drivesaRoll-Roycecar,andownsavaluablehouseinLondon.易碎的易碎的易碎的易碎的花商花商花商花商语义学、词义学语义学、词义学语义学、词义学语义学、词义学富有的富有的富有的富有的单题单题 对点训练对点训练 B A A D BP39 1P40 7,8,9,10 方法四方法四 构词法构词法【生词拆译】【生词拆译】Down-toearthspiritisanecessity.Sharpwordsfromateachercanusuallybringadaydreamingstudentsdown-toearth.【熟词新义熟词新义】Themusiccantbepresentedtodaythewayitwasin1908or1958.Ithastocontinuetomove,becausethewaytheworldworksisnotthesame.实事求是的，脚踏实地的实事求是的，脚踏实地的实事求是的，脚踏实地的实事求是的，脚踏实地的V.V.展现展现展现展现当堂演练当堂演练P405.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacethephrase“signedoff”intheparagraph?A.endedalltheirprogramsB.providedfewerchannelsC.changedtocommercialsD.showedall-nightmovies 方法五方法五 生活常识生活常识oror文化背景文化背景Mostoftheflowersarebeginningtowitherbecauseofthecoldweather.Frequentlyithappensthataplacehastwonames:Oneisnamedbythepeopleandtheotherbythegovernment.Asinmanyareas,oldhabitsdiehard,andtheplacecontinuestobecalledbyitsunofficialnamelongafterthemeaningislost.WhatdoestheunderlinedphrasediehardinParagraph1probablymean?A.Changesuddenly.B.Changesignificantly.C.Disappearmysteriously.D.Disappearveryslowly.枯萎，凋谢枯萎，凋谢枯萎，凋谢枯萎，凋谢篇章限时训练篇章限时训练 P173 B篇篇 Practice MoreSummary词义猜测解题策略词义猜测解题策略前后句逻辑关系前后句逻辑关系-转折、因果、并列转折、因果、并列上下文语境上下文语境-代词代词/名词指代名词指代(上一句上一句)语法结构解释(下定义、定语从句、同位语、举例子)构词法(生词拆译、熟词新义）生活常识、文化背景Homework限时训练限时训练 阅读阅读C D篇篇P174-175