module8 being responsible

Module 8 Being Responsible Sep.15th,2012Being responsible to whomBreaking newsnEarthquake 8.0 on Richter scale hits Sichuan nHurricane Katrina batters USn34 dead in Guatemala landslide nCities urged to tackle smog nFisheries to issue declining fish stock warning nPersistent efforts in China to fight droughtnTropical species face high extinction riskn46 dead,121 missing in Shaanxi flooding nDetroit chemical plant experiences explosions nVolcanic eruptions in IcelandContent nEnvironmental problemsnCorporate social responsibilitynExam spotlight:Green dream Environmental problemsnYour action on the environmentSpeaking nThe cause of the environment problemKey words about environmental problemsnCombating pollutionReading:trading pollution quotaReview Environmental problemsn“It isnt easy being green”n_Kermit the Frogn有绿肤真非容易（主有绿肤真非容易（主题曲）题曲）n -青蛙柯米特青蛙柯米特n芝麻街芝麻街In which areas are you environmentally conscious?nSaving energynUsing public transport使用公共交通工具使用公共交通工具nLimiting how much you fly限制乘飞机旅行限制乘飞机旅行nConserving water节约用水节约用水nRecycling waste废物再利用废物再利用nPurchasing green productsnSupporting local shops and businessesnWhat things do you do?give examples.Action with impact on the environmentFriendly Less friendlySaving energyTurn lights off when you leave a houseLeave computer and tv stand byUsing public transportUse train and busDrive a carLimiting how much you flyNever take short haul flightUse budget airlines for cost and convenienceConserving waterCollect rainwater to water the plantTend to take baths not showersRecycling wasteTake used bottle to the bottle bankThrow away a lot of plastic packagingsPurchasing green productsBuy meat from a local organic butcherBuy cheap clothes made of man-made fabricsSupporting local shops and businessesUse the local newsagent regularlyGo to an out-of-town supermarket once a weekExtension nMake a five point action plan to make our campus more environmentally friendlyTurn lights off when leaving the classroomAvoid using the plastic bagsCollect the used bottle.conserving waterSave paperPlant treesNot tread on the grassEnvironment ProblemsOil spill 石油泄露Earthquake 地震Extinction of species 品种灭绝品种灭绝Flooding 洪水Hurricane 飓风Chemical explosions 化学爆炸Landslide 山崩；山体滑坡山崩；山体滑坡Drought 干旱干旱Smog 雾Nuclear radiation leak 核泄漏核泄漏Wordlist 词汇Volcanic eruption 火山喷发Declining fish stocks鱼群减少Which of these environmental problems:na.are natural:nb.are man-madenc.could be either?earthquakeshurricanesdroughtflooringVolcanic eruptionsOil spills at seaNuclear radiation leakssmogChemical explosionslandslidesDeclining fish stocksExtinction of different speciesWho can combat problems?nindividual consumersnAre reluctant to change their lifestylesnlarge companiesnGovernmentsnGovernments can legislate to control pollution from factories,transport,etc.but they often dont because they are afraid of damaging the competitiveness of their own national industries.?Reading nAn extract from The Little Earth Book suggesting a possible way to control man-made pollution.Suggesting a possibleWay to controlMan-madepollutionWhich of these sentences do you think the author would agree with?nAmericans pollute more because they produce more of the worlds wealth.nThe USAs pursuit of wealth is damaging the planet for everyone else.nThere are more important problems than damage to the environment.nDamage to the environment is the most important problem in the world today.nWe can solve the problems if we all do something to help in our own lives.nThis problem requires concerned action from governments and international organizations.Trading pollution quotas污染限额的交易nQuota:配额The limited number or amount of something that is officially allowed.e.g.:Salesmensellingoverthequotareceivea$1,000bonus.(超额完成销售任务的推销人员可获得1，000美元奖金。)nTariff Quota：关税配额A tariff quota permits the import of a certain quantity of a commodity duty-free or at a lower duty rate,while quantities exceeding the quota are subject to a higher duty rate.Language pointsnEliminate pollution消除污染消除污染nWhat is the biggest threat for the world?The biggest threat：Greenhouse gases 温室气体n翻译：翻译：The biggest threat the world has ever faced is the rising level of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere目前世界所面临的最大威胁是大气层中越来越多的温室气体nHow to solve the above problem?Reduce emissions 减少排放量(why?)nReduce how much?nThe gass two sides.nThese gases are an essential part of a balanced ecosystem;it is only in excess that they become dangerous.These;a balanced ecosystem;it is that 对于一个平衡的生态系统来说，二氧化碳必不可少。但若过量，却会对其造成威胁。nHow to reduce the emissions?marketTrading pollution quotasRewardpenalizeReducing emissionsOver consumption of global commonnA mechanism for doing this is quite simple and obvious,and is only obscured by industrial countries attempting to avoid paying a fair price for their resources.这么做的方法非常简单明了，只有当工业国家设法逃避为它们的能源消费而合理付费的时候，这种付费消费能源的途径才会被刻意模糊化。How a market operates?nCarbon emission 二氧化碳排放量二氧化碳排放量nIf the atmosphere can only sustain a limited quantity of carbon dioxide,should one person be allowed to emit a lot more than another?如果大气层只能承受一定量的二氧化碳，难道应该允许一个人比另一个人排放更多的废气？nAllowance 许可许可nAvailable for sale 可出售可出售nMaintain his lifestyle保持自己的生活方式保持自己的生活方式nMoney flowingnIts explanationAid?Charity?The outcome of a free market mechanismIndia USnTrading on this basis means that money would flow from the rich nations,which are causing the climate havoc,to poor nations that are suffering from it.Flow fromto;rich nations 富裕国度；poor nations;Climate havoc气候严重破坏；suffer from 遭受，受难在这个基础上的交易意味着资金将从导致气候严重破坏的富裕国度流向受难的贫穷国家。nThey would be the outcome of a free-market mechanism that penalizes the richer nations,over-consumption of the global commons.n他们是自由市场机制运行的结果，是对富他们是自由市场机制运行的结果，是对富有国家过度消耗全球共有财富的惩罚。有国家过度消耗全球共有财富的惩罚。Key words:Recycling wastePollution quotasGreenhouse gasesCarbon emissionsAllowanceAvailable for saleClimate havocper capitalReview:trading pollution quota nWhat is the biggest threat for the world?nHow to solve the problem?nHow to reduce the emissions?nHow is the market operating?nWhat would a fair market result in?nA.everyone should have an equal allowancehe therefore needs to buy 15.32tonnes in order to maintain his lifestyle.nB.the rich nations,which are causing the climate havoc.nC.the biggest threat the world has ever faced is the rising level of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.nD.see cnE.the solution the author proposes is a free-market mechanism,but its difficult to imagine that he wouldnt agree this statement.nF.although the text doesnt spell this out,the proposed solution would by its nature need to be agreed to,organized and adhered by governments and international organizations.8 do you think such a trading system would work?Why?nSuch a system would work with full international co-operation.The problem is that it only takes one country wanting to produce goods more cheaply with lower environmental standards to opt out and then the system collapses.nRead the conclusion to the above passageFind unnecessary wordsQuestionsnWhy does the author think his system makes economic sense?nBecause it will increase the spending power of people in developing countriesGreen dreamnWhat is the passage mainly about?How to be green at work.nRecycling bins可回收利用垃圾箱可回收利用垃圾箱nFair-trade and organic labelsnOn standbynBlazing out heatnGet serious aboutnGo in for the killnAddress