形容词和副词

初三英语总复习形容词和副词Adjectives and AdverbsMade by Mr Liang形容词和副词形容词和副词 一、一、形容词和副词的意义和作用形容词和副词的意义和作用 二、比较等级：二、比较等级：1.1.原级原级 2.2.比较级比较级 3.3.最高级最高级 三、比较级和最高级的用法三、比较级和最高级的用法 四、四、容易混淆的形容词和副词容易混淆的形容词和副词练习练习1。形容词(adjective)：表示人和事物的性质和特征，在句中作定语、表语和宾语补足语,用adj.表示。例如：Thats a good book.（作定语）This book is good.（作表语）He looks happy today.（作表语）You must keep your hands closed.（作宾补）2。副词（adverb):用来修饰动词、形容词和其他副词，以及修饰全句的词，在句中主要作状语，用adv.表示。例如：He often helps others.（修饰动词）That desk is very heavy.（修饰形容词）She came to school quite early today.（修饰其他副词）Maybe,he cant come in time.（修饰全句）一、形容词和副词的意义和作用二、常见的副词：1）时间副词：today now then ago before early late first soon 2)表示频度和重复的时间副词：always often usually sometimes again once twice3)地点和位置副词：anywhere everywhere here there home near away in out inside outside up down around back behind4)方式副词：hard well together brightly clearly safely politely terribly badly kindly suddenly quietly luckily widely5)程度/数量和精确副词：much quite rather almost even just still all too also as nearly only very 6)肯定、或然和否定副词：yes already no not never neither either yet maybe perhaps else hardly 7)疑问副词：when where how why课堂练习单项选择 ()1.Mike does very _ in maths,but he is not so _ at Chinese.A.good,good B.well,well C.good,well D.well,good()2.After breakfirst,he went to school _.A.quiet B.quickly C.quite D.quick()3.Ann didnt see the film yesterday.Kate didnt,_.A.either B.too C.also D.neither()4.Has Mr Smith arrived _?Yes.He has _ arrived.A.still,already B.yet,already C.already,already D.already,yet()5.I can _be a nurse.Im not a very patient person.A.always B.yet C.ever D.neverDBABD四、形容词和副词的三个比较等级1、规则变化：A.1)单音节和少数以-er,-ow 结尾的双音节词，加-er,-est 构成比较级和最高级 原级比较级最高级tall-taller-tallest great-greater-greatest clever-cleverer-cleverest narrow-narrower-narrowest fast-faster-fastest 2）以字母e 结尾的，只加-r,-stlarge-larger-largest nice-nicer-nicest late-later-latest 3)重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母的，双写这个辅音字母，再加-er,-estbig-bigger-biggest hot-hotter-hottest(另:red,wet,thin,fat 等)4）以辅音字母+y 结尾的，改y为i，再加er,esteasy-easier-easiest dry-drier-driest early-earlier-earliest 类例：heavy,sunny,windy,busy,hungry,happy 等。以-ly 结尾的除 early 外，一般都在原级前加 more,most 构成比较级和最高级。B、多音节和多数双音节词，在原级前加more,most 构成比较级和最高级 原级比较级最高级 Beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful careful -more careful -most careful carefully-more carefully-most carefully quickly -more quickly -most quickly 其他还有如：important,interesting,quietly,dangerous,popular,widely,easily,delicious 等。2、不规则变化 原级比较级最高级Good/well-better-best bad/ill/badly-worse-worst little-less-least many/much-more-most far-farther/further（进一步）-farthest/furthest （最大程度地）old-older/elder（年长的，长辈）-oldest/eldest（最年长的）注意：有的形容词和副词没有等级的变化，如:English,northern,now,then,always,sometimes等。三、写出下列形容词和副词的比较级和最高级1.thin _ _ 2.heavy _ _ 3.well _ _ 4.badly _ _ 5.few _ _ 6.many _ _ 7.important _ _ 8.happily _ _ 9.late _ _ 10.wet _ _ 11.little _ _ 12.early _ _ 13.sunny _ _ 14.fun _ _ 15.hot _ _ 1.thin thinner thinnest 2.heavy heavier heaviest 3.well better best 4.badly worse worst 5.few fewer fewest 6.many more most 7.important more important most important 8.happily more happily most happily 9.late later latest 10.wet wetter wettest 11.little less least 12.early earlier earliest 13.sunny sunnier sunniest14.fun more fun most fun 15.hot hotter hottest3、形容词，副词比较等级的用法、形容词，副词比较等级的用法等等级级原原级级句句 型型1、as+原级原级+as2、not+so/as+原级原级+as例例 句句She is as kind as her mother Lucy didnt do it so/as well as you 比比较较级级比较级比较级+thanHe is taller than lilei The weather is getting hotter and hotter最最高高级级the+最高级最高级+of/inShe is the tallest one in her class1、as+原级原级+as（程度相同）（程度相同）2、not+so/as+原级原级+as（一方不及另一方）（一方不及另一方）3.倍数倍数+as+原级原级+as(是是.的的.倍倍)She is as kind as her mother.Lucy didnt do it so/as well as you.同级比较：同级比较：Our garden is ten times as big as theirs.4.使用形容词比较级时使用形容词比较级时(1)在形容词比较级前可用在形容词比较级前可用much,far,a lot,a little,a bit,even,still 来修饰，表示程度。来修饰，表示程度。(2)可用可用“比较级比较级+than any other+单数名词单数名词来表达最高级的意思来表达最高级的意思 He is taller than any other student in the school。(5)可用可用the+序数词序数词+最高级最高级来表示来表示:第几最第几最.如如:The Hainan island is the second largest island in China.海南岛是中国的第二大岛屿海南岛是中国的第二大岛屿.(3)可用可用“比较级比较级+and+比较级比较级”来表达来表达“越越来越的意思，来越的意思，表示本身程度的改变，其动词经表示本身程度的改变，其动词经常使用常使用grow,get，Become,如如:Its spring now.It gets warmer and warmer.(4)可用可用“the+比较级比较级,the+比较级比较级来表达来表达越越就越就越的意思。的意思。如如:The more you eat,the fatter you will be.1.形容词的最高级前必须加“the”2.有些句子中存在隐藏的比较级或最高级例如：This t-shirt is not large enough.Plese show me a_(big)one.Which month has _(little/few)days in a year.biggerthe fewest注意注意：（二）（二）1、The bread is _ than these cakesA、Very delicious B.much delicious C.more delicious D.as delicious2.Lin Tao jumped _ in the long jump in the school sports meeting A.Far B.farther C.farthest D.quite far3.When they met in the hotel.They talked and laughed _A.Happily B.happy C.happier D.happiest4.which is _ season in Beijing?A.Good B.better C.best D.the best CCAD（三）（三）1.I think Lin Shuhao the famous basketball plyer,will be _ new Star in NBAA.Hot B.hotter C.hottest D.the hottest 2.In our city its _ in July,but it is even _ in August A.Hotter hottest B.hot hot C.hotter hot D.hot hotter3.Hainan is a very large Island.It is the second _ island in chinaA.Large B.larger C.largest D.most largest 4.An elephant is _ than a tiger A.Heavy B.very heavy C.the heaviest D.heavierDDCD5.A horse is _ than a dog A.Much heavy B.more heavier C.much heavier 6.Emma always makes a lot of mistakes.She is _A.Care B.careful C.carefully D.careless7.Which subject is _,physics or chemistry?A.Interesting B.most interesting C.More interesting D.the most interesting CDC8.He is _ enough to carry the heavy box A.Strong B.stronger C.much stronger .D.the strongest 9.Li lei often talks _ but does _,so everyone says he is a good boy A.less more B.few much C.More little D.little many 10.When the famous singer started to sing,everyone began to shout very _ A.Loudly B.loud C.heavily D.high AAA11.Toms books are newer than _.A.her B.your C.his D.it 12.He eat too much meat.He will get _.A.more and more fat B.more and more fatter C.fater and fater D.fatter and fatter 13.-Remember this,children._ careful you are,_ mistakes you will make.A.The more;the more B.The fewer;the more C.The more;the fewer D.The less;the lessCDC（四）（四）容易混淆的形容词和副词1.形容词：1).good,nice,fine,well。good:好，良好；善于，有益。Nice:令人愉快的，美好的，好吃、好看的。Fine:身体好，天气好。Well:身体好，这几个只有它可作副词。2).tall,high。Tall:多用于人、树木、房屋的高度。High:多指空间高度2.副词：1).also,too,either。Also,too 用于肯定句，also用于句中，too 用于句尾。2).already,yet,still，already用于肯定句,yet 用于否定句、疑问句。Still表示状态未改变。3).before,ago。Ago 表示现在以前，常用于过去时，before 表示过去某一时间以前，常用于完成时。4).hard,hardly。Hardly(几乎不）不是由 hard(努力）加ly 构成的。5).very,much。very修饰形容词和副词的原级，much修饰形容词和副词的比较级，very much修饰动词容易混淆的形容词和副词6).enough 修饰名词时放在其前面；修饰形容词和副词要后置。例如：good enough/enough books7).tooto (太而不能)adj+enough to(足够.能做)so.that(如此以至于)8)修饰复合不定代词的形容词都放在复合不定代词的后面.例如：something interesting9)-ed分词作形容词在句中通常修饰人，说明人的感觉如何；-ing分词作形容词在句中通常修饰事、物，说明某事、物令人怎样。10）sometimes (有时)some times(几次、几倍)sometime(某个时间)some time（一段时间）