初中语法：一般现在时

初中语法：一般现在时初中语法：一般现在时目录一般现在时的定义一般现在时的基本用法一般现在时的表达方法一般现在时的句式结构二三四一一般现在时的定义定义一、一般现在时的定义 一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作，也可以表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力，及普遍真理和自然规律。一般现在时的基本用法1.一般现在时表示现在的状态。eg.Im twelve.I have three baseballs.Im in the classroom.Jack is from China.2.一般现在时表示经常性和习惯性的动作。常与表示频率的副词连用。二、一般现在时的基本用法总是通常经常有时很少，难得几乎不 rarelyoftenusually表示频率的副词二、一般现在时的基本用法never 从不seldomneversometimesalways发生的概率由低到高every 每3.一般现在时表示表示主语具备的性格和能力。二、一般现在时的基本用法eg.She usually gets up at six oclock.He reads English every morning.Lucy never takes a shower(洗澡）.We sometimes play basketball after school.I always do my homework on weekends.eg.She likes English.I like palying basketball,but I dont like palying baseball.He can speak Chinese.We sometimes play basketball after school.She sings well.5.表示格言或警句用一般现在时。二、一般现在时的基本用法eg.Two and four is six.The moon goes around the earth.Ten minus two is eight.Light travels faster than sound.eg.Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。4.表示普遍真理和客观规律用一般现在时。一般现在时的表达方法三、一般现在时的表达方法一般现在时谓语动词变化的规则：当主语为非第三人称单数，谓语动词用原型。eg.We often get up early in the morning.当主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。eg.My father often gets up early in the morning.一般现在时主要通过谓语动词的变化和用时间词语来表达。其中最主要的是谓语动词的变化。三、一般现在时的表达方法即：she,he it;单个人名或地名；单数可数名词或this/that/the+单数可数名词；不定代词someone，somebody，nobody，everything，something，anything；不可数名词；数字和字母。(一)第三人称单数：非你、非我、非复数如：he，she,it,my father,my sister,our English teacher,Tom,Mike,Rebiguli,WangYuan,China,my book等等等等。三、一般现在时的表达方法1.一般动词在词尾加s。如：work-works live-lives play-plays sing-sings(二)动词第三人称单数（单三）的变化规则:与名词复数变化的规则相同。2.以s,x,sh,ch结尾的加es，读作/iz/。teach-teaches miss-misses wish-wishes3.以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i加es。（元音字母加y直接加s）fly-flies try-tries copy-copies buy-buys enjoy-enjoys say-says三、一般现在时的表达方法(二)动词第三人称单数（单三）的变化规则:与名词复数变化的规则相同。4.以辅音字母加o结尾的，一般加es。读作/z/。go-goes do-does 5.特殊情况：be have-has一般现在时的句式结构四、一般现在时的句式结构1.be动词的一般现在时的句式：肯定句：主语+be+表语(n.adj.等)eg.He is a teacher.You are thirteen.They are in the classroom.肯定句：主语+be+not+表语eg.He isnt(is not)a teacher.You arent(are not)thirteen.They arent(are not)in the classroom.四、一般现在时的句式结构一般疑问句：be+主语+表语+？eg.Is he a teacher？Yes，he is./No,he isnt.Are you thirteen？Yes,I am./No,Im not.Are they in the classroom？Yes,they are./No,they arent.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+？eg.What is this？Who is she？What color is the pen？四、一般现在时的句式结构2.实意动词的一般现在时的句式：肯定句：a.主语（非单三）+v.原形+其他.eg.I like bananas.You have three pens.They have sports everyday.b.主语（单三）+v.-s/es+其他.He likes bananas.Lucy has sports everyday.四、一般现在时的句式结构否定句：a.主语（非单三）+dont(do not)+v.原形+其他.eg.I dont like bananas.They dont want to have English class.b.主语（单三）+doesnt（does not）+v.原形+其他.eg.He doesnt like bananas.Lucy doesnt have sports everyday.四、一般现在时的句式结构一般疑问句：Do/Does+主语+v.原形+其他+?肯定回答：Yes，主语+do/does.否定回答：No，主语+dont/doesnt.eg.Do you like bananas?Yes,I do./No,I dont.Do they want to have English class?Yes,they do./No,they dont.Does he like bananas?Yes,he does./No,he doesnt.Does Lucy have sports everyday?Yes,she does./No,she doesnt.四、一般现在时的句式结构特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+do/does+主语+v.原形+其他+?What do you like?I like bananas.What class do they want to have?They want to have English class.What does he like?He likes bananas.一般疑问句练习巩固练习1.写出下列动词的单三形式。go wash（洗）like have watch drink（喝）say learn eat（吃）study（学）look（看）teach（教）练习2.把下列句子变成一般疑问句（并做肯定和否定回答）、否定句。eg.I like cooking（烹饪）.Do you like cooking?Yes,I do./No,I dont.I dont like cooking.（1）My friends like playing soccer.（2）They speak English every day.（3）Daniel watches TV every evening.（4）John is from China.（5）Tom does his homework at home.（6）My dog runs fast.练习（7）Amy likes playing computer games.（8）She can play the piano well.Tips（提示）：（4）be from 来自于.（5）do homework 做家庭作业 at home 在家（6）run v.跑 fast adv.快，很快（8）well adv.好，很好谢谢观看THEEND