[北京]2022北京银行总行管理生校园招聘笔试参考题库答案详解

北京2022北京银行总行管理生校园招聘笔试参考题库答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）第1卷一.单项选择题(共50题)1.飞机制造商：我反对你把我们的X-387型喷气机描述为危险的商业使用的X一387飞机从未坠毁，也未曾有过严重的功能失调航空调度员：X-387飞机的问题并不在于其自身而在于发动起来时会引起空气湍流，给附近的飞行器造成危险的环境航空调度员通过下面哪一个对制造者做出了回答?（）2008年招行真题A.把制造商的论断特征描述为来自主观兴趣.而不是来自对事实的客观评价B.把注意力集中于这个事实：制造者对“危险”的阐释太狭隘了C.引用一些制造商把它们当作与争论问题无关而明显忽略的证据D.引用统计证据以反驳制造商的断言E.向制造商对最近空难数量的了解程度提出质疑答案：B 本题解析：题干中飞机制造商认为X-387飞机从未出现过重大故障。所以不能说它是危险的。而航空调度员指出该飞机之所以危险是因为对周围的飞行器造成危险。由此可知两者对“危险”的理解不同，飞机制造商理解的“危险”只是针对自己的飞机，因此阐释太过狭隘。B项正确。2.Questions refer to the following article. On Friday June 7, 2013, we will undergo a major system upgrade that will bring into play more sophisticated technology to enhance the services and products that we can provide to you，our valued customer. These upgrades include making our debit card program “real-time” new and improved online banking, mobile banking and bill pay and more! We are excited about these changeswe believe that our new system will enable us to be able to focus even more on helping our customers，like you! It is important to us that this transition be a smooth one for you. These are just a few of the various changes that will soon take place. Please feel free to contact one of our friendly customer service representatives in Fisher or Mahomet with any questions you may have! Fisher National Bank has a longstanding tradition of providing exceptional financial service. We want to thank you for being part of this tradition and for allowing us to meet your financial needs. We appreciate your patience through this exciting change and we value your trust and confidence. All locations will be closing at 100p.m. on Thursday June 6, 2013；however, drive ups will remain open as usual. Normal business hours will resume on Friday June 7. Online banking will not be available from June 6 through June 9. Login（user）name will not change. Once the new system is in place on June 10（approximately 9a.m.）, you will be prompted for your secret answer. Please note: After the conversion to the new online banking system, you will no longer be able to see transaction history prior to June 6. Please log in prior to this to print off any history or statements.The bank suggests that customers（）.A.stop any transactions till the resumption of normal business hoursB.contact one customer service staff for more informationC.print off their transaction statements once the new system for online banking is in placeD.use their secret answers to altar their user names答案：B 本题解析：原文中“Please feel free to contact one of our friendly customer service representatives in Fisher or Mahomet with any questions you may have!”与B项相符。3.生活中，每一秒都有无数种可能，任何瞬间一旦错过，就不会再重演，然而只有那些能够向我们 _ 足够有力信息和情绪的决定性瞬间才有记录的价值和意义。为了这样的瞬间摄影师需要付出很多比如洞察这种瞬间的感知力，等待这种瞬间的 _ 和捕捉这种瞬间的_。填入划横线部分最恰当的是（）。A.传递 耐心 技巧B.展示 信心 素质C.表达 决心 能力D.获取 恒心 灵感答案：A 本题解析：本题从第二空人手，根据“洞察”对应“感知力”可知，此处所填词语应与“等待”相对应，答案只能从A、D中选择。“决定性瞬间”不能够“向我们获取信息”，只能“向我们传递信息”，故本题答案为A。4.英国人类学家特纳认为，正常的“社会结构”是一种有阶层、地位、贫富差别的体制，“反结构”是没有等级之分、贫富之别、男女之别的时空，具有消除不满和发泄情绪的功能，很多重要节庆仪式就是属于“反结构”。中国古代元宵节是全民的狂欢节。在节日期间，人人尽兴而乐，可以缓解平时身体上的疲劳和精神上的压力，节日期间的一些反常行为，有利于消除人与人之间的隔阂和紧张，促进人际关系的和谐。节日期间，不分地位高低，不分富贵贫贱，不分年龄大小，君民同乐，有利于促进不同阶层的和谐，保障社会稳定。这段文字的主要观点是（ ）。A.中国古代的元宵节是“反结构”的社会产物B.中国古代的元宵节具有消除社会不满的功能C.应大力发展传统文化中“反结构”的节庆仪式D.“反结构”的节庆仪式有利于社会的稳定和谐答案：D 本题解析：本段文字首先通过正常“社会结构”的特点，介绍“反结构”的特点，然后以中国元宵节为例，进一步介绍了“反结构”节庆仪式的优点与意义，即有利于社会的稳定和谐。故本题答案为D。5. 根据我国目前的国情，应当把扩大再生产的立足点转移到( )上来。 A.内涵扩大再生产B.外延扩大再生产C.粗放型扩大再生产D.劳动密集型扩大再生产答案：A 本题解析：内涵扩大再生产是依靠生产技术进步、提高劳动效率以及改善生产要素质量来扩大生产规模。根据我国目前的国情，应当把扩大再生产的立足点转移到内涵扩大再生产上来。6.黑颈鹤和斑头雁每年都要迁徙到青海湖进行繁殖。青海湖地处青海高原东北部的青海湖盆地内，位于西宁市西北部100公里外，是中国第一大内陆湖泊。黑颈鹤在云贵等地过冬，到了春天就一路向北飞行3000公里来这里.而斑头雁冬天的活动范围则更往南，远到印度，因此，它们所面临的旅程也更加艰难:一方面是路途遥远，另一方面斑头雁冬天的栖息地与海平面齐平，夏天的繁殖地的海拔则高达3000米，横亘其间的是高大的喜马拉雅山脉。它们至少要飞行到海拔5000米的高度才能逾越这道令人望而生畏的屏障。通过飞行爬升到如此高度并非易事，在这个海拔高度，空气的密度大概只有海平面的一半，因此鸟儿通过振动翅膀产生升力就要消耗更多能量。另外，氧的分压也同样会降低，这也会阻碍它们获得足够的氧气来补给飞行过程的消耗.，直到几年前，鸟类如何实现这一壮举的动力学机制还是个谜， 但2011年美国科学院院刊(PNAS) 一篇里程碑式的文章为我们揭示了它们是如何做到这一点的。文章作者用全球定位系统(GPS)跟踪这些迁徙的鸟儿，发现它们通常一天之内就可以飞越喜马拉雅山。在67个小时内就从海平面高度的出发点-最作气飞到海拔6000米。最令人惊讶的是，白天会有南风吹上山脊，这些鸟儿本可以充分借助这些风来减小能量消耗，然而，班头雁并不这么做:相反，它们等到相对平静的夜晚，完全靠白己的体力来完成这一飞越。斑头雁和恩颈鹤在飞行中有-个共同特点,就是它们经常是以某种队形来飞行的。队形多种多样，但通常是后面的鸟儿飞在前一只鸟的侧后方,因此就有了常见的“人”字形队形。几十年来，关于鸟儿为什么以这样的队形来迁飞有许多猜测，有两种观点比较流行。第一种观点认为，人字队形与定向有关。以斑头雁飞越喜马拉雅山为例，该行程需要找到和穿越几个高海拔的通道，利用这些通道也许能节省几千米的上升高度。斑头雁的寿命有20-30年，有些个体已经从印度向北迁飞了许多次。因此，很可能是年长有经验的斑头雁在队伍的前面带路，取道最经济的路线，而无需飞越最高的山峰(这也偶有发生，比如有小群鸟儿飞越珠穆朗玛峰的情形)。这一观点带来了几个难以回答的问题:为什么鸟儿要保持人字形队列，而不是一只紧跟一只?另外，保持队形似乎只是黑颈鹤、斑头雁这样体型较大的鸟类的特征。许多小型的候鸟成群迁飞时，通常是处于混乱的模式。虽然它们也有定向的需求，但没有排成人字形也没有问题。第二种观点认为，这种按一定队形迁飞的行为与节约能量以降低迁徙飞行的能量消耗有关。在最近冬奥会上的速滑项目和夏季奥运会的白行车项目中也你会看到类似的行为。在比宴中，速滑或自行车运动员以一种很紧凑的队形前进，-名运动员在前，另外三名依次紧随其后。速滑和自行车比赛中，很重要的一部分体能消耗是为了克服空气阻力。后面的三名选手都能受益，因为这种队形能减少他们所受到的空气阻力，但前面开路的选手由于需要克服全部阻力很容易精疲力尽。因此，在速滑和自行车比赛中，参赛选手会轮流在前面开路，从而保证大家都能同等受益。对以人字形队列迁徙的鸟进行仔细观察发现，它们也是采用这种团队协作的方式，前面带路的鸟儿不时与后面的鸟儿换位。那么，如果以队形的形式迁飞是为了减小空气阻力，为什么鸟儿不选择以直线的队形来飞行2因为一个紧跟一个飞行似乎能最大程度地减小眼随者需要克服的空气阻力。毫无疑问，速滑或自行车团队如果采用人字队形是不可能拿到冠军的。飞行运动与陆地上的运动一个关键的不同点是，飞行运动除了要克服水平方向.上的空气阻力,还需要产生保持飞行状态的上升力。自行车运动员和速滑运动员没有这个问题，因为他们有地面反作用力的支撑。也许，飞行时 稍微偏移位于前面的同伴，并不能在最大程度上减少空气阻力,但能够在某种程度上减少跟随的鸟儿保持升力的体能消耗。事实上,我们有足够的理由相信这一推断， 飞行中的鸟的翅膀会形成一股涡旋状的循环气流。当你从鸟儿的背后来观察时就会发现这个循环气流，来自右边翅膀的涡流逆时针旋转，而来自左边翅膀的涡流则顺时针旋转，那么在正中间，即鸟儿正后方尾随的两股涡流中，气流都是向下的，而两侧的气流都是向上的。这样一来，鸟儿没有选择紧跟在同伴的正后方飞行的原因就显而易见了。如果鸟儿飞在同伴的正后方，那么它将处于向下的气流中，这额外增加了它们维持飞行状态的能耗。相反，当位于同伴的后侧方时，它们可以利用这一向上的气流,得到升力。这确实有效。有人曾经驾驶轻型飞机并保持相互之间稍微偏移，他们发现，当尾随的飞机处于前面飞机机翼涡流的向上气流中时，消耗的燃料显著低于前面的飞机。以这种方式节约的燃料能够多达18%，这个效应广“泛应用在军用飞机中以降低油耗。然而这对于大型客机并不适用，因为要达到节油效果，飞机需要足够靠近，这会增加安全风险。与恩颈鹅相比，班头雁迁德过程中面临的困难最主要的是( )。A.需要飞跃喜马拉雅山脉B.路途是黑颈鹅的一倍C.迁徒的范围更户，更频繁D.需使大量食物以保证体力飞得更高答案：A 本题解析：第一段中“横互其间的是高大的喜马拉雅山脉。它们至少要飞行到海拔5000米的高度才能逾越这道令人望而生畏的屏障”可知，A项正确。B项“一倍”未提，C项“频繁”未提，D项，应为需要更多氧气。故本题应选A.7.（1）A 银行提供的优惠B 银行都能提供（2）C 银行提供的优惠包含了B 银行提供的所有优惠（3）C 银行提供的部分优惠D 银行也能提供根据以上情况，下列说法不正确的是（ ）。A.C 银行提供的某些优惠B 银行也能提供B.B 银行提供的优惠D 银行不一定能提供C.A 银行提供的所有优惠C 银行都能提供D.D 银行提供的所有优惠A 银行都能提供答案：D 本题解析：根据（2）可知A 项正确；D 银行与其他几家的关系不确定，B 项指出“不一定”，其情况可以满足，正确；根据（1）和（2）可知C 项正确；D 项涉及的是确定情况，且不能由题干推出，故不一定为真。故答案选D。8.DOS系统的热启动与冷启动的不同之处在于，热启动( )。A.不再自检B.不再提示用户输入系统登录密码C.不用装人C文件D.不能从光盘启动答案：A 本题解析：冷启动的启动顺序为，首先接通电源，然后再开显示器电源，最后打开主机电源，关机时顺序相反。热启动的方法是在系统启动时同时按下Ctrl键、Ah键和Del键。热启动与冷启动的区别是热启动跳过了包括内存检测在内的一些硬件自检，其他完全相同。9.比较常用的国内生产总值的核算方法是( )。A.支出法和收入法B.生产法和支出法C.生产法和收入法D.生产法、收入法和支出法答案：D 本题解析：国内生产总值的核算方法有三种：(1)生产法或称部门法，是从各部门的总产值(收入)中减去中间产品和劳务消耗，得出增加值。各部门增加值的总和就是国内生产总值。(2)支出法或称晟终产品法即个人消费支出+政府消费支出+国内资产形成总额(包括固定资本形成和库存净增或净减)+出口与进口的差蕞。(3)收入法或称分配法，是将国内生产总值看作各种生产要素(资本、土地、劳动)所创造的增加价值总额。因此它要以工资、利息、租金、利润、资本消耗、间接税净额(即间接税减政府补贴)等形式，在各种生产要素中间进行分配。这样将全国各部门(物质生产部门和非物质生产部门)的上述各个项目加以汇总，即可计算出国内生产总值。10.甲、乙、丙三个仓库，甲280箱、乙210箱、丙180箱，丙分给甲和乙之后，甲是乙的1.5 倍，求丙给了甲多少箱？（ )A.58B.36C.122D.144答案：C 本题解析：11.Questions refer to the following article. One of Britain s last great independent financial markets has agreed to sell itself to China. The 137-year-old London Metal Exchange has agreed a 1.4bn takeover from Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing （HKEx） nine-mouth auction process which saw bids from Inter Continental Exchange, CME Group, and NYSE Nasdaq. The deal will mean massive windfalls for the LMEs largest shareholders, JP Morgan， Goldman Sachs and Metdist, the brokerage owned by the LMEs former chairman Raj Bagris family.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the article？（）A.LME accounts for the lions share of the worlds base-metal options and future contractsB.JP Morgan, Goldman Sachs and Metdist all stand to lose from the takeover dealC.LME trades gold, silver and other precious metals on the over-the-couter London Bullion MarketD.HKEx is not going to do many changes to LME except the open outcry system答案：B 本题解析：由最后一段“The deal will mean massive windfalls for the LMEs largest shareholders, JP Morgan, Goldman Sachs and Metdist”可知，B项正确。12.You can send and retrieve ( ) many files you want to a message-up to IMB (1024k) of attachments.A.tooB.suchC.soD.as答案：C 本题解析：根据对题干中的句式分析可知该句子缺少的是可以修饰many的词，排除B选项。根据句意可知应该找一个能够表示“如此多的.”的选项，排除AD选项。所以正确答案为C项。13. 将下列矩阵中所有数字加在一起的和是( )。 A.126B.132C.216D.256答案：C 本题解析：第一行数字和为1+2+3+4+5+6=(1+6)62=21。每行数字和为公差为6的等差数列。第6行数字和为21+(6-1)6=51，所有数字和为(21+51)62=216。14.2013年7月9日，欧盟正式批准（）于2014年1月1日加入欧元区。A.罗马尼亚B.拉脱维亚C.克罗地亚D.阿尔巴尼亚答案：B 本题解析：2014年1月1日，波罗的海国家拉脱维亚正式加入欧元区，成为欧元区的第十八个成员国。15.毫无疑问，真正的批评家应该拥有的 是_的内心和不带任何偏见的眼睛。除了来自自身灵魂深处和纯粹学术性的_之外，不该成为任何权势或利益集团的代言人和施惠者的吹鼓手。填入横线部分最恰当的一项是（)A.纯净 判断B.平静 结论C.强大 分析D.成熟 观察答案：A 本题解析：“不带任何偏见”说明了内心应该是纯净的，第二空，要以来自自身灵魂深处和纯粹学术性去做出判断，故选A。16.1/2， 1，7/8， 5/8， ( )A.2/3B.13/32C.1/2D.2答案：B 本题解析：分数数列，通分之后变成1/2、4/4、7/8、 10/16、 (13/32)， 分子是公差为3的等差数列，分母是公比为2的等比数列。17.在第十二届全国人民代表大会第二次会议上，国务院总理（）代表国务院向大会作政府工作报告。A.李克强B.温家宝C.朱镕基D.李鹏答案：A 本题解析：第十二届全国人民代表大会第二次会议3月5日上午在人民大会堂开幕。近3000名全国人大代表肩负人民重托，履行宪法和法律赋予的神圣职责。根据会议议程，国务院总理李克强代表国务院向大会作政府工作报告。18.把下面的六个图形分为两类，使每一类图形都有各自的共同特征或规律，分类正确的一项是（ ）。A.，B.，C.，D.，答案：D 本题解析：本题考察的是内外式。已知六个图形都由两个小图形所构成，将内外图形的线条数量相减，图1、图5、图6相减之差为1，图2、图3、图4相减之差为2，故为一组，为另一组。因此，选择D选项。19. 出版业要再现辉煌，不能过度把心思花在图书的包装上，而要重视“文本第一”的读者需求。因为任何包装都只是一种形式，要为内容服务。过度包装不仅违背可持续的发展思路，也人为地阻隔了文字进行有效传播的力量，这种_效应带来的后果对并不景气的出版业而言，无疑是_。 填入划横线部分最恰当的一项是（）。 A.极端 日暮途穷B.短视 雪上加霜C.消极 祸不单行D.连带 内外交困答案：B 本题解析：由“这种”可知，“违背可持续的发展思路，也人为地阻隔了文字进行有效传播的力量”是对第一空词语的解释说明。“短视”能与“违背可持续的发展思路”进行语义上的准确对应故第一空填人“短视”最恰当。第二空说的是过度包装对本就不景气的出版业的负面作用，“雪上加霜”契合句意。故本题答案为B。20.2014年12月，我国金融市场总体运行平稳。（一）债券市场发行情况1月份，债券市场发行债券4041.7亿元，同比减少24.8%，环比减少27.1%。其中，银行间债券市场发行债券3927.9亿元，环比减少19.6%。2月份，债券市场发行债券5880.9亿元，同比增加15.7%。其中，银行间债券市场发行债券5780.5亿元，环比增加47.2%。1-2月，债券市场累计发行债券同比减少5.1%，其中，银行间债券市场累计发行债券同比减少4.7%。（二）货币市场运行情况1月份，货币市场成交总量共计14.4万亿元，同比减少18.6%，环比减少14.5%。其中，同业拆借市场成交2.3万亿元，同比减少40.2%，环比增加2.8%；质押式回购成交11.6万亿元，同比减少14.1%，环比减少16.7%；买断式回购成交5650.3亿元，同比增加30.6%，环比减少26.4%。1-2月，货币市场成交量共计26.2万亿元，同比减少14.4%。其中，同业拆借市场累计成交4.0万亿元，同比减少39.4%；质押式回购累计成交21.2万亿元，同比减少8.9%；买断式回购累计成交1.0万亿元，同比增加35.1%。（三）债券市场运行情况1月份，银行间债券市场现券交易累计成交1.9万亿元，同比减少76.1%，环比减少1.6%。1月末，银行间债券总指数为145.35，环比上升0.98%。交易所国债指数为139.58，较去年12月末上升0.04%。12月，银行间债券市场现券交易累计成交4.0万亿元，同比减少69.6%。2013年12月银行间债券市场累计发行债券约多少亿元？（）A.9187B.9830C.10187D.11230答案：C 本题解析：2014年1-2月份的量为3927.9+5780.5=9708.4，同比减少了4.7%，利用增长率化除为乘近似计算公式可得，2013年1-2月为9708.4+9708.44.7%约等于10187，C选项正确，A、B、D选项错误。故本题应选C。21.根据中华人民共和国公司法，股份有限公司的经理由（）决定聘任或解聘。A.监事会B.股东代表大会C.职工代表大会D.董事会答案：D 本题解析：根据公司法的规定，股份有限公司的经理由董事会决定聘用或解聘。22.For the past 3, 000 years, when pcople thought of money they thought of cash. From buying food to settling bar tabs, day-to-day dealings involved creased paper or clinking bits of metal.Over the past decade，however ，digital payments have taken off- tapping your plastic on a terminal or swiping a smartphone has become normal. Now this revolution is about to turn eash into an endangered specics in some rich cconomics. That will make the cconomy more efieicnt - -but it also poscs new problems that could hold the transition hostage.Countries are eliminating ceash at varying speeds. But the direction of travel is clear, and in some cases the joumey is nearly complete. In Sweden the number of retail cash transactions per person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years. Cash accounts for just 6% of purchases by value in Norway. Britain is probably four or six years behind the Nordic countries. America is perhaps a deeade behind. Outside the rich world, cash is still king. But even there its dominance is being croded. In China digital payments rose from 4% of all payments in 2012 to 34% in 2017.Cash is dying out beause of two forees. One is demand- younger consumers want payment systems that plug scamlessly into their digital lives. But equally important is that supplirs such as banks and tech firms (in developed markets) and telccoms companics (in emerging oncs) are developing fast, easy-to-use payment technologics from which they can pull data and pocket fees.There is a high cost to running the infrastructure behind the cash economy- ATMs， vans carrying notes, tellers who acept coins. Most financial firms are keen to abandonit, or deter old-fashioned customers with hefly fees.In the main，the prospect of a cashless economy is excellent news. Cash is inefficient. In rich countries, minting， sorting， storing and distributing it is cstimated to cost about 0.5% of GDP. But that does not begin to capture the gains. When payments dematerialize, people and shops are less vulnerable to theft. Govermments can keep closer tabs on fraud or tax evasion.Digitalisation vastly expands the playground of small businesses and sole traders by enabling them to sell beyond their borders. It also creates a credit history, helping consumers borrow.Yet set against these benefts are a bundle of worries. Eleotronic payment systems may be vulnerable to technical failures power blackouts and cyber- atacks- this weck Capital One，an American bank, became the latest fim to be hacked. In a cashless economy the poor, the elderly and country folk may be left behind. And eradicating cash, an anonymous payment method, for a digital system could let govemments snoop on peoples shopping habits and private titans exploit their personal data.These problems have three remedies. First, govermments need to ensure that central banks monopoly over coins and notes is not replaced by private monopolies over digital money. Rather than ltting a few credil-card firms have a stranglehold on the eleetronic pipes for digital payments, as America may yet allow; gov emments must ensure the payments plumbing is open to a range of digital firms which can build services on top of it. They should urge banks to offer cheap,instant，bank-to-bank digital transfers between deposit accounts ，as in Sweden and the Netherlands. Competition should keep priccs low so that the poor can afford most services, and it should also mean that if one firm stumbles others can step in,. making the system resilient. Sccond, govemments should maintain banks obligation to keep customcr information private, so that the plumbing remains anonymous. Digital firms that use this plumbing to offer services should be free to monetise transaction data, through, for example, advertising， so long as their business model is made explicit to uscrs. Some customers will favour free services that track their purchases; others will want to pay to be left alonc.Last, the phasc-out of cash should be gradual. For a period of ten years, banks should be obliged to accept and distribute cash in populated areas. This will buy govermments time to help the poor open bank accounts, educate the elderly and beef up internet access in rural areas. The rush towards digital money is the result of spontaneous demand and innovation. To pocket all the rewards, govemments need to prepare for the day when erumpled bank noles change hands for the last time.Which of the following is the correct understanding of two forces that are“making cashdie out?( )A.Most financial firms prefer to use cash in the transactions of buying and sllingB.Cash economy is bringing high cost comparing to the ceashless economyC.One of the foroes is the new generation of consumens who are eager for using online paymcnts because they suggest cash is caus ing sanitary problemsD.Few pcople could ceatch up with the trend of the wide use of online paymcnts答案：B 本题解析：细节理解题。由第三段最后-句可知“大多数金融公司都热衷于放弃现金，或者用高昂的费用阻止传统的客户。”故A项错误。文中未提及卫生问题，故C项错误。网上支付蓬勃发展，故D项表述错误。由第三段倒数第二二句“运营现金经济背后的基础设施成本很高”可知，现金相比网络支付成本更高，B项正确，所以答案选B。23.A growing number of countries want to phase out coal entirely, a transition eased by cheap natural gas and cost of wind and solar power. That is good news. Coal has been the largest engine of change to date, accounting for nearly a third of the rise in average temperatures since the Industrial Revolution. Any pressure on it therefore counts as progress.Asia accounts for 75% of the worlds coal demand. The Chinese goverment has taken steps to limit pollution and support renewables. Yet coal consumption there rose in 2018, as it did the year before. In India coal demand grew by 9% last year. In Vietnam it swelld by altmost a quarter.To keep the rise in global temperatures to no more than 1.59C relative to pre-industrial times, climatologists insist that almost all coal plants must shut by 2050, which mcans starting to act now.Todays trends would keep the last coal plant open until 2079, cstimates UBS, a bank. Asias coal-fired power regiment has a sprightly avcrage age of 15, compared with a creaky 40 years in America, close to retirement.There are several reasons for this, but one stand out govemment I support. In India state-owned companies invest more than $6bn in coal mining and coal-fired power each year,statebacked banks provide some $10.6bn in financing. Indoncsia doles out more than S2bn annually for consumption of coalfired power. Japan and South Korca finance coal projccts outside their borders.Govermment support is hardly surprising. State-backed coal firms make money and create jobs. W ind turbines and solar panels provide power only intermittently; for now, dirtier power plants are needed as back up. Gas is pumelling coal in America, but remains a bit-player in India and much of South-East Asia, since it has to be imported and is relatively expensive.Neverheless, govermments betting on coal face three big risks. One is environmental.Emissions from coal plants that are already built- -let alone new ones- will ensure that the world exceeds the level of carbon-dioside emissions likely to push global temperatures up by more tham 1.5%C.There is an cconomio risk, too. Public-sector zeal for coal is matched only by private-sector distaste. Banks, including Asian ones, have increasingly said they will stop funding new coal plants. Wind and solar farms make coal look increasingly expensive. A study has found that private banks provided thre-quarters of loans to Indian renewables projects last year, state-backed banks doled out two-thirds of those for coal.And then there is politics. Voters do not like breathing soot. More of them are concemed about elimnate change, too, as they face unpredictable growing seasons, foods and droughts.Coal may cause the following problems except ( ),A.Rising temperature on carthB.Air pollutionC.Unpredictable seasonsD.Bankruptey of state-owned companies答案：D 本题解析：由第五段第二句话“-nsure that the world exeeds the level of carbon-dioxide emissions likely to push global temperatures up by more than 1.59C.”可知A项正确。由最后一-段第二旬话“Voters do not like breathingsoot.”可知B项正确。由最后一段第三句话“More. of them are concerned about climate change, too, as they face unpredictable growing seasons, floods and droughts.可知C项正确。D选项不符合，所以答案选D.24.主要作用在于对货币供应量进行总量调控, 对整个经济产生影响的是 ( ) 的货币政策工具。A.一般性B.选择性C.直