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选修6 Unit 4 Global warming 重点单词1._vt.消费；消耗；耗尽；吃完2. _adj.胡乱的；任意的3. _n.现象_ (复数)4. _ vi.同意；捐赠；订阅vt.（签署）文件；捐助5. _n.量；数量_n.质量6. _vi.趋向；易于；照顾vt.照顾；护理_n.倾向；趋势7. _prep.每，每一8. _n.资料；数据9. _ n.趋势；倾向；走向10. _n.大灾难；浩劫consumerandomphenomenonphenomenasubscribequantityqualitytendtendencyperdatatrendcatastrophe （ 学 生 用 书 见 P149） 重点单词11._vt.反对；反抗；与（某人）较量_adj.反对的；对立的12. _adj.温和的；温柔的；淡的13. _n.结果；后果；影响_adj.随后发生的；作为结果的_adv.因此；所以14. _v.陈述；说明 _n.声明；陈述；说明；表白15. _n.种类；范围16._vi.看一下；扫视n.一瞥17. _adj.平稳的；持续的；稳固的_adv.平稳地；持续地18. _adj.分布广的；普遍的19. _adj.平均的opposeopposedmildconsequenceconsequentconsequentlystatestatementrangeglancesteadysteadilywidespreadaverage 重点单词20._n.生存；存在_vi.存在21_n.个人；个体adj.单独的；个别的22. _vt.拥护；提倡；主张23. _n.承诺；交托；信奉24. _adj.电的；与电有关的25. _adj.随便的；漫不经心的；偶然的26. _n.环境；情况27. _vt.使恢复；使振奋28. _ n.贡献_vt.贡献29. _n.显示；演出30. _n.分歧；不一致_vi.不同意；不一致existenceexistindividualadvocatecommitmentelectricalcasualcircumstancerefreshcontributioncontributepresentationdisagreementdisagree 重点短语1._产生；造成2. _同意；赞成；订购3. _大量的4. _逐步建立；增加；增进5. _上升；增长；升起6. _导致7. _反对8. _即使9. _继续10. _大体上；基本上11. _代表一方；作为的代言人12. _忍受；容忍13. _只要14. _等等come aboutsubscribe toquantities ofbuild upgo upresult inbe opposed ofeven ifkeep onon the wholeon behalf ofput up withso long asand so on 1.“there is no doubt that” 结构There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon. (教材P26)2.as/so long as 和if not的用法It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using itif not , turn it off！(教材P 30) 重点句型 it的用法（）It is human activity that has caused this global warming.(教材P26)语法要点 quantity n量；数量The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.当我们向空气中排放大量多余的二氧化碳时，问题就开始出现了。(教材P26)1 （ 学 生 用 书 见 P150） a quantity of 大量的 不可数名词 可数名词复数形式 in quantity/in large quantities 大量地(2) quality n.质量(1) 许多的；大量的 quantities of+ 温馨提示：“a quantity of+不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；“a quantity of+可数名词的复数形式”作主语时，谓语动词用复数（有些语法家认为用单数）；“quantities of+可数名词或不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 Large quantities of information have been collected.已经收集了大量信息。 Quantities of nuts are on the table.大量的坚果放在桌子上。 A large quantity of milk was reported not to reach the standard.据报道，大量的牛奶不达标。 A large quantity of drugs were found in his room.在他的房间发现了大量毒品。 Its a lot cheaper if you buy it in quantity.如果你大量购买要便宜得多。 Now many companies are more concerned with quality than with quantity.现在很多公司重视质量胜过产量。 tend vi.趋向；易于；照顾 vt.照顾；护理It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up. (教材P26)这意味着更多的热量被困在大气层中，从而引起全球温度上升。2 tend （not） to do sth.倾向于/易于/往往（不）做某事 tend (to) sb.照顾，护理某人 tend to/towards sth.倾向于，趋于某事(2)attend to 注意；照顾；专心于/致力于某事 tendency n.倾向；趋势 have a tendency to do sth.有做某事的倾向；可能性（1）（3） She tends to get angry when others disagree with her.别人不同意她的看法时，她总是容易生气。 Women tend to live longer than men.女人多比男人长寿。 She tended (to) her husband carefully during his illness.丈夫生病期间，她悉心照料。 Youd better attend to your own business.你还是管好自己的事情吧！ The situation is showing a tendency to improve.形势有好转的倾向。 He has a tendency to/towards suicide.他有自杀的倾向。 oppose vt. 反对；反抗；与(某人)较量On the other hand， there are those， like George Hambley， who are opposed to this view and believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air. （教材P27）在另一方面，还有一些人，像科学家乔治汉布利，反对上面的观点，他们认为我们不必担心空气中高含量的二氧化碳。3 (1) oppose sth./doing sth./sb.doing sth. 反对某事/做某事/某人做某事 opposed adj.相反的；对立的 be opposed to.反对；与对立 (2) Many people opposed the idea of building a new highway because of the great cost.由于需要巨额开支，许多人反对另修一条新公路的主意。 The parents strongly opposed their daughter going there alone.父母极力反对女儿单独去那里。 Leaders of many countries oppose military action against Iraq.许多国家的领导人反对对伊拉克采取军事行动。 We are firmly opposed to the practice of power politics between nations.我们坚决反对国与国之间实行强权政治。 As modern university students, we should be opposed to the feudal ideology.作为当代大学生，我们应该反对封建思想。 state vt.陈述；说明 n.国家；州；状态In fact, Hambley states, “More carbon dioxide is actually a positive thing.”（教材P27）汉布利实际上是这样说的：“二氧化碳含量增加实际上是件好事。”4 state ones opinion/view 陈述见解 state+that-clause 陈述；声明；阐明 It is/was stated that. 据称(2) in a . state/in a state of. 处于状态 statement n.陈述；声明 make a statement 发表声明(1) (3) Everyone present was asked to state their own views over this matter.所有在场的人都被要求就此问题发表观点。 The witness stated that she had never seen Mr. Smith. 证人宣称她以前从未见过史密斯先生。 South Africas first black president and anti-apartheid icon Nelson Mandela has died at the age of 95. Political leaders from all over the world made statements of their own about Mandela.南非首位黑人前总统，反抗种族隔离政策的政治领袖纳尔逊曼德拉逝世，享年95岁。各国政要纷纷致辞表示对曼德拉的悼念。 Imagine that you work for the state office of cultural relics.假设你在国家文化遗产保护办公室工作。 Alaska is a state far from America.阿拉斯加是远离美国本土的一个州。 Most matter has three states: solid, liquid and gas.大多数物质有三种状态：固态、液态和气态。The roads are in a terrible state after the severe winter weather.严冬过后，这些公路的路况极差。 glance vi. in general)On the whole the warming of the earth is a phenomenon that causes great concern .(教材P28)总的来说，地球变暖是引起广泛关注的一个现象。3 as a whole 总体上；作为一个整体 On the whole, Im satisfied with her progress.总的来说，我对她的进步是满意的。 We must think about these matters as a whole.我们必须全盘考虑这些事。 Is the collection going to be divided up or sold as a whole?这个集子是要分开卖还是整个卖掉？ put up with 忍受；容忍We do not have to put up with pollution. (教材P30)我们不必忍受污染。4put up sth.举起，抬起；建造，搭建（房屋等）；张贴put sb.up 向某人提供食宿 I can put up with many things, but not with people who steal. 我能容忍很多事情，但绝不容忍小偷小摸的人。 Im not going to put up with their smoking any longer.我再也不容忍他们抽烟了。 We can put you up for the night.我们可以留你过夜。 “there is no doubt that” 结构There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer (see Graph 1) and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon. (教材P26)毫无疑问，地球正变得更加暖和(见图表1)，而且全球转暖是人为的，而不是随意的自然现象。1 （ 学 生 用 书 见 P153） 在本句型中，that从句是同位语从句，表示doubt的内容。用法与there is a chance that.是一样的。(1) doubt作为名词，若用在否定句或疑问句中，后面接that引导的同位语从句；若用在肯定句中，后面接whether引导的同位语从句。注意此时不可以用if替换whether。(2) doubt作为动词，若用于否定句和疑问句中，后面接that引导的宾语从句；若用于肯定句中，后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。 There is no doubt that they will agree with you on this matter.毫无疑问，他们在这件事上会同意你的。 There is no doubt that radio and television are important means of information communication.毫无疑问，收音机和电视机是信息交流的重要方式。 I have no doubt that he will succeed.我相信他会成功的。 Theres some doubt whether he is fit for the job.他是否胜任这项工作有点疑问。 He doubts if she will keep her word.他不敢肯定她是否会遵守诺言。 I dont doubt/have no doubt that he will win the race.我坚信他将赢得比赛。 as/so long as 和if not的用法It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it if not， turn it off！(教材P30)只要你在使用电器设备，你便可以把它开着，如果不用就把它关掉！2 so long as=as long as,意为“只要”, 引导条件状语从句。 as long as只能用于肯定句中，而so long as既可用于肯定句又能用于否定句。 as long as亦可用来表示时间，具体物品等“长达”。 温馨提示： You may borrow the book as long as/so long as you keep it clean.只要你不把书弄脏，就可以借给你。 So long as/As long as you have confidence in yourself， youll win.只要你有自信，你会获胜的。 You may use the room as you like so long as you clean it up afterwards.你尽可随意使用这个房间，只要你过后打扫干净就行了。 We need a rope as long as 30 metres.我们需要一条30米长的绳子。 We havent seen each other for as long as 20 years.我们有20年没见面了。 if so 如果这样if any 若有if necessary 如果有必要if not在本句中是if you are not using it的省略形式。 I think the train leaves at midday. Youd better take a taxi. If not， maybe youll miss it.我想火车是正午开，你最好打的去，否则可能会误车的。 Is anybody feeling cold？If not， lets put the central heating off.有谁感到冷？如果没有，就把中央暖气系统关掉。 Point out errors， if any. 若有错误，请指正。 Have you got a free evening next week？If so， lets have dinner together.下周你哪个晚上有空？如果有空，我们去吃饭吧。 Take this camera with you， if necessary.有必要就带上照相机去吧！ .品句填词（用所给词的恰当形式或根据语境写一个合适的词）1.Ive personally never subscribed the view that either sex is superior to the other. I believe men and women are equal.【答案】 1.to2.The nations unemployment rate has been climbing （stead） since last June, which definitely will threaten the nations peace and development.【答案】2.steadily 3.He subscribed a number of magazines concerned with his research subject. 【答案】 3.to4.I never even glanced the political page of a daily paper, while my husband was always dying for any news about politics. 【答案】 4.at （ 学 生 用 书 见 P154） 5.Most of the Chinese movies produced in 2015 reflected the reality of the present age and reveal the mind of people, representing a positive (tend). 【答案】5.tendency6.There is no longer any doubt carbon dioxide decreases evaporative cooling by plants and that this decreased cooling adds to global warming.【答案】6.that7.It is reported that every day large quantities of waste water (pour) into rivers without being cleaned in this area.【答案】7.are poured 8.The girl took a book random from the shelf while she was wandering in the bookshop. 【答案】 8.at9.The writer is used to (refresh) himself with a cup of coffee while writing. 【答案】 9.refreshing10.Now (electricity) appliances are widely used in peoples homes.【答案】10.electrical .单句改错（含词汇和本单元的语法）1.Some countries, range from Rwanda and Tanzania in East Africa, to Egypt and Morocco in the North and South Africa in the South, have steadily increased their science spending.【答案】rangeranging2.There is a growing tendency for parent these days to stay at home to look after their children instead of return to work earlier.【答案】returnreturning3.Sometimes I have problems at work but in the whole I enjoy my job and am making progress step by step.【答案】inon4.In any case, you must keep in mind that it is your exist that seems to make sense, for someone needs you and loves you.【答案】existingexistence5.It is Mary, as well as several other students, that make a speech on behalf of our school. 【答案】makemakes 6.It is Jacks pride that I cant put up. He is always picking at me, looking down upon me and laughing at me in front of the others.【答案】up后加with7.After this class meeting, it is Thompson, rather than other excellent students who are determined to study hard and make contributions to our countrys development in the future.【答案】areis8. It is an honor to be here to speak on the behalf of the Microsoft Research Center and to participate in this conference to discuss the strategic issues facing this wonderful and dynamic city of Shanghai.【答案】去掉behalf前的the9.Under no circumstance shall we give in to pressures or threats from foreign countries.【答案】circumstancecircumstances10.In the biology class, we did several experiments on snakes, but our teacher told us what it came about that snakes produced poison was a mystery. 【答案】whathow .课文语法填空 All scientists subscribe to the view that the greenhouse effect leads to global warming. The 1._（burn） of fossil fuels adds huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. More heat energy tends 2._（trap） in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up. The scientist Charles Keeling, who made accurate 3._（measure） of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, found between these years CO2 went up 4._（sharp） from around 315 parts to 370 parts per million, which 5._（accept） by all scientists. The increase of CO2 resulted in global warming, as high as 5 degrees. However, the attitudes of scientists 6._ this rise are completely different. Dr. Froster says 5 degrees rise would be a catastrophe. The sea level will rise by several metres, 7._（result） in severe storms, floods, droughts, famines, the spread of diseases and the disappearance of species. On the other hand, George Hambley, 8._（oppose） to this view. More CO2 is actually a positive thing, which 9._（encourage） a greater range of plants and animals to grow better. Greenhouse gases continue to build up in the atmosphere. The climate keeps on 10._（warm） for decades or centuries. No one knows the effects of global warming. burning to be trappedmeasurementssharplywas accepted towardsresulting are opposedwill encourage warming
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