Unit4定语从句（1）

The Attributive ClauseWhichoneisHarryPorter?TheboyisHarryPorterWhichoneisHarryPorter?Theboy_isHarryPorter.who is wearing glasses定语从句定语从句一、概念一、概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.(在句子中作在句子中作定语定语)(Attributiveclause)HarryPorterisasmartboy.HarryPorterisaboywhohasmagicpower.形容词作定语形容词作定语句子作定语句子作定语,修饰修饰boy,叫做叫做定语从句定语从句HarryPorterisaboywhohasmagicpower.先行词先行词 关系词关系词定语从句定语从句关系关系代词代词关系关系副词副词which,who,whom,whose,thatwhere,when，why主语主语宾语宾语定语定语指人指人whothatwhom（优（优先）先）whothatwhose（of whom）指物指物WhichthatWhichthatWhose(of which)指人和指人和物物thatthatwhose（一）引导定语从句的关系代词（一）引导定语从句的关系代词7when,where,why关系副词关系副词先行词先行词在从句中的成分在从句中的成分when时间时间时间时间状语状语where地点地点地点地点状语状语whyreason原因原因状语状语（二）引导定语从句的关系副词（二）引导定语从句的关系副词8关系关系代词代词和关系和关系副词副词的区别的区别关系关系代词代词在定语从句中在定语从句中作主语、宾语作主语、宾语关系关系副词副词在定语从句中在定语从句中作状语作状语二、用法二、用法:Thesearethetreeswhich/that wereplantedlastyear.先先行行词词是是人人关系代词关系代词:whowhomwhosethatwhich先行词是先行词是物物Thesearethestudentswho/that wonthefirstplacelastyear.引导定语从句的关系代词引导定语从句的关系代词Have a try指出关系代词在定语从句中的成份：指出关系代词在定语从句中的成份：1.The man who came to our school is Mr.Wang.()2.The girl(whom)I met is Lucy.()3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom.()4.I like the book(which)you bought yesterday.()主语主语宾语宾语定语定语宾语宾语1.who,whom,whose,that用法区别用法区别.who作定语从句的作定语从句的主语主语或或宾语宾语.Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.分解分解作主语作主语注：只能用注：只能用who不用不用that的情况的情况当定语从句对指人的先行词当定语从句对指人的先行词进行进行隔位修饰隔位修饰时，只能用时，只能用whoDoyouknowthegirlinfrontoftheblackboardwhoisspeakingtothestudents?只能用只能用who不用不用that的情况的情况当先行词为当先行词为people和和those时，时，只能用只能用whoThosewhowanttogotherecomehereplease.只能用只能用who不用不用that的情况的情况当先行词为当先行词为one,ones,anyone,everyone,none,all(指指人人)时，只能用时，只能用whoAnyonewhoisagainstusisourenemy.只能用只能用who不用不用that的情况的情况当句子中有两个指人的现行词分别当句子中有两个指人的现行词分别带有两个定语从句时，若一个定语从带有两个定语从句时，若一个定语从句的引导词为句的引导词为that,那么，另一个定语那么，另一个定语从句的引导词必定为从句的引导词必定为whoTheboythatyoumetjustnowisLiMingsbrotherwhojustgraduatedfromauniversity.只能用只能用who不用不用that的情况的情况在非限制性定语从句中的先在非限制性定语从句中的先行词指人时，只能用行词指人时，只能用whoMysister,whoisstudyingabroad,sentmeabeautifulpresentjustbeforethisChristmas.whom作定语从句的作定语从句的宾语宾语Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Theywantedtovisitthewoman.分解分解作宾语作宾语that可以作定语从句的可以作定语从句的主语主语和和宾语宾语.Thewoman(whom/that)theywantedtovisitisateacher.可省略可省略Themanwho/thatisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.whose作定语从句的作定语从句的定语定语(whose既可以指人，也可以指物既可以指人，也可以指物).I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirlsmotherisateacher.作定语作定语Ihaveabookwhosecoverisyellow.注注:whose既可以指人，也可以指物既可以指人，也可以指物a.whose的先行词指物时，可用的先行词指物时，可用of which代替，但语序不同，即代替，但语序不同，即whose+名词名词=the+名词名词+of which，或，或=of which+the+名词。如：名词。如：The novel whose title(=the title of which或或of which the title)is Red and Black is very interesting.b.whose的先行词指人时，可用的先行词指人时，可用of whom代替，但代替，但语序不同语序不同，即，即whose+名词名词=the+名词名词+of whom或或=of whom+the+名词。如：名词。如：The boy whose mother(=the mother of whom或或of whom the mother)is a doctor is my friend.2.which,that的的用法用法指物时指物时，which作定语从句的作定语从句的主语主语或或宾语，宾语，可用可用that替换替换Ilikethebook(which/that)youboughtyesterday.Thisisatruckwhich/thatismadeinChina.作主语作主语作宾语作宾语可省略可省略3.只能用只能用that的情况的情况序数词序数词或或形容词最高级形容词最高级修饰先行词时修饰先行词时TomisthecleverestboythatIhaveeverknown.ThisisthefirstplaythatIhaveseensinceIcamehere.everything,something,nothing,all,anything,little,much等等不定代词不定代词作先行作先行词时词时Everythingthatwesawinthisfilmwastrue.先行词被先行词被every,some,no,all,any,little,much，nothing等修饰时。等修饰时。Ivereadallthebooksthatyoulendme.先行词被先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。修饰时。Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.主句已有主句已有who,which或或what时时Whoisthegirlthatisstandingunderthetree?WhichisthemachinethatweusedlastSunday？当先行词同时指当先行词同时指人人和和物物时时Iveneverheardofthepeopleandthingsthatyoutalkedaboutjustnow.Theytalkedaboutthemenandthethingsthatwesaw.3.只能用只能用which的情况的情况Thisisthehouseinwhichheoncelived.当关系代词前有当关系代词前有介词介词时时引导引导非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句时时Football,whichisveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.先行词本身是先行词本身是that时时Theclockisthatwhichtellsthetime.一个句子中有一个句子中有两个定语从句两个定语从句时，时，一个用一个用that,另一个用另一个用whichIboughtabookthatcouldgivememuchknowledgeandwhichcouldhelpmekilltime.5.介词介词+which/whom引导的定语从引导的定语从句句1）介词的选用原则：介词的选用原则：(1)根据定语从句谓语动词的习惯搭根据定语从句谓语动词的习惯搭配来决定。配来决定。(2)This is the book on which I spent 8 dollars.(3)This is the book for which I paid 8 dollars.5.介词介词+which/whom引导的定语从引导的定语从句句1）介词的选用原则：介词的选用原则：(1)根据先行词的习惯搭配来决定。根据先行词的习惯搭配来决定。(2)I remember the day on which I joined the Party.(3)I remember the days during which I lived there.2）当当介词放在关系代词前面介词放在关系代词前面时，关时，关系代词只能用系代词只能用whom(指人指人)which(指指物物)，且关系代词，且关系代词不能省略不能省略。(1)The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbor.(2)I cant find the pen with which I was writing.3)当介词位于当介词位于定语从句末尾定语从句末尾时，可用时，可用 which/that(指物指物),who/whom/that(指人）指人）做从句中介词的做从句中介词的宾语宾语。而且作而且作介词宾语的关系代词介词宾语的关系代词可以省略可以省略。Dad is a person_ I can easily talk to.Is this the play _ you were talking about just now?(whom/who/that)(which/that)4）在一些固定搭配的动词短语中，在一些固定搭配的动词短语中，由于由于动词和介词不可分割动词和介词不可分割，因此，因此不能不能把介词置于关系代词之前把介词置于关系代词之前。如：。如：This is the watch(that/which)I am looking for.The babies(who/whom/that)the nurse is looking after are very healthy.6.先行词是先行词是the way，意为，意为“方式，方方式，方法法”时，引导定语从句的关系词用时，引导定语从句的关系词用that/in which或省略或省略。I didnt like the way _ she talked to me.The way _he teaches English is interesting.（that/in which）（that/in which）7.关系代词关系代词as的用法的用法as在定语从句之中作在定语从句之中作主语主语或或宾语宾语Asweexpected,ourclasswonthematch.(作宾语作宾语)As is known to everyone,the earth is round.(做主语做主语)1)as引导限制性定语从句引导限制性定语从句主句中出现主句中出现such,the same,so,as修饰修饰先行词，先行词，需选择需选择as做关系代词在定做关系代词在定语从句中做主语或宾语。语从句中做主语或宾语。Such people as you describe are rare nowadays.Would you like to buy the same pen as I have?注：注：such后可接后可接as引导的定语从句，引导的定语从句，也可接也可接that引导的结果状语从句。引导的结果状语从句。Wehopetogetsuchatoolasheisusing(宾语宾语)我们希望得到一件正我们希望得到一件正像他在使用的工具。像他在使用的工具。(定语从句定语从句)Wehopetogetsuchatoolthatwecandoourworkbetterwithit我们希望得到这样一件工具以至于我们希望得到这样一件工具以至于我们能更好地工作我们能更好地工作（结果状语从句）（结果状语从句）注：注：当先行词受当先行词受thesame修饰时，偶修饰时，偶尔也用尔也用that引导定语从句，但与引导定语从句，但与as引引导的定语从句意思有区别。如：导的定语从句意思有区别。如：ThisisthesamewatchasIlost这和我丢的那只手表一样。这和我丢的那只手表一样。(不是同不是同一只一只)ThisisthesamewatchthatIlost这就是我丢失的那只手表。这就是我丢失的那只手表。(同一只同一只)2）引导非限制性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句as引导非限制性定语从句，指代整引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句内容，从句可置于个主句内容，从句可置于句首，句句首，句中或句尾中或句尾1.Aseveryoneknows,Chinaisabeautifulcountrywithalonghistory.2.Theearth,asweknow,movesroundthesun.3.Tomworkshardandiswillingtohelpothers,asweallknow.非限制性定语从句中的谓语为被动式非限制性定语从句中的谓语为被动式时，常用时，常用as做主语做主语besaid/known/announced/reported/mentioned/expected/discussedGrammar,ashasbeensaidbefore,isnotasetofdeadrules.Asisknowntoall,TaiWanispartofChina.as引导非限制性定语从句，有引导非限制性定语从句，有“如，似，如，似，正像正像”的含义，因此，下列句式多用的含义，因此，下列句式多用asashasbeensaidabove如上所说如上所说asanybodycansee正像每个人所看到正像每个人所看到的那样的那样aswehadexpected正如我们所预料的正如我们所预料的那样那样Theboyhasasmuchprogressaswehadexpected.8.which和和as都可以引导非限制性定都可以引导非限制性定语从句，语从句，as引导的非限制性定语从句引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前，也可放在主句之可以放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后甚至可以分割主句。后甚至可以分割主句。which引导的引导的非限性定语从句只能放在主句之后。非限性定语从句只能放在主句之后。另外，另外，as常有常有“正如正如”“正像正像”的含的含义。义。7.关系代词关系代词as的用法的用法Thisistheboywithwhomhetalked.Thisistheringonwhichshespent1000dollars.7.关系代词关系代词as的用法的用法Thisistheboywithwhomhetalked.Thisistheringonwhichshespent1000dollars.由由Who Who 引导的定语从句，在句中做主语引导的定语从句，在句中做主语 宾语宾语1、Do you know the man _ is talking with your father?A.whose B.who C.which2、The boys _ the teacher talked to are from Class One.A.when B.which C.who3、Those _ want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning.A.who B.which C.whom4.The gentleman _ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.A.who B.about whom C.whom5.The doctor _ you are looking for is in the room.A.whom B.what C.which6.The teacher for _ you are waiting has come.A.who B.whom C.that由由Whom Whom 引导的定语从句，在句中做宾语引导的定语从句，在句中做宾语介词提前时只能用介词提前时只能用 whom7.A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan.A.which B.his C.whose 8.This book is for the students _ native(本国的本国的)language is not English.A.that B.of whom C.whose 9.The boy _ composition won the first prize is the youngest in the group.A.who B.whose C.that由由Whose Whose 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句,在句中做定语在句中做定语10、He prefers to eat the rice _ in the south.A.who is grown B.which is grown C.when is grown11、The knife _ I cut the apple with cant be found.A.which B.who C.what 12、The room in _ there are many books is mine.A.that B.who C.which13、This is the pen _ he bought yesterday.A.which B.who C.when由由Which Which 引导的定语从句，在句中做主语引导的定语从句，在句中做主语 宾语宾语介词提前时只能用介词提前时只能用 whichthat14.All _ is needed is a supply of oil.A.which B.that C.what15.Finally,the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police.A.which B.what C.that先行词是不定代词先行词是不定代词 all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything只能用只能用that引导引导16.Its the most boring film _ I have ever seen.A.which B.that C.whose17.This is the first car _ arrived this morning.A.which B.who C.that 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时饰时只能用只能用that引导引导18.I know all people _ are from that village.A.who B.that C.whose19.There is no water _ is needed badly.A.which B.who C.that20.Please take any seat _ is free.A.which B.that C.in which先行词被先行词被all,any,every,few,little,no,some 等修饰时等修饰时只能用只能用that引导引导21.That is the very book _ I was looking for.A.who B.that C.which22.After the fire in his house,the old car is the only thing _ he owns.A.who B.that C.which先行词被先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last 等修饰时等修饰时只能用只能用that引导引导23.The speaker spoke of some writers and some books _ were popular then.A.who B.that C.which先行词被既有人又有物时先行词被既有人又有物时只能用只能用that引导引导24.Who is the worker _ took some pictures of the factory.A.who B.that C.which主句已有主句已有who或或which时时,只能用只能用that引导引导1.Ihaveafriend_likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3.Theman_legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress_Igaveher.4.Myparentsliveinahouse_ismorethan100yearsold.5.Theboywith_Johnspokeismybrother.which/thatwhom6.Kevinisreadingabook_istoodifficultforhim.which/that7.Isthereanything_youwanttobuyinthetown.8.All_wecandoistostudyhard.9.Thefirstone_standsupisalittleboy.thatthatthat1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.Thisisthedoctorwhosavedtheboyslife.2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.Themanwhoisrunningismyuncle.3.我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐.IlikethemusicthatIcansingalongwith.4.住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师.Thewomanwholivesnextdoorisateacher.