反义疑问句专题

一、反义疑问句的概念和句型结构1、概念反义疑问句(The Disjunctive Question)即附加疑问句。它表示提问人的看法，没有把握 且需要对方证实。反义疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简 短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。2、句型结构 陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式，可记为前肯后否。They work hard, don t they?She was ill yesterday, was nt she? 陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式，可记为前否后肯。You didn t go home yesterday, did you?He can t ride a bike, can he?He isnt a stude nt,is he?二、反义疑问句里面的主语变化3、反义疑问句后半部分的主语要和前半部分的主语保持一致，要用主格形式。He ofte n goes to school by bike,does he?They are stude nts,are nt they?4、当陈述部分的主语是 当主语是I时，用arent I.I am a t eacher,aren t I? everything,anything,nothing,something时，附加疑问句中主语用 it 不用 theyEveryth ing is ready,is nt it?Someth ing is wrong with your bike,is nt it? this,that,或those,these时，附加疑问句中主语用it和they.This is my desk,is nt it?Those are nt your books, are they? every one，everybody，some one，somebody 等，附加疑问句中主语一般用 he/they.Every one is here,is he/are they?Somebody is singin g,is he? 不定式，动名词，其他短语，附加疑问句中主语一般用it。Doing morning exercises is good for peoples health,is nt it?To be a teacher is my dream,is nt it? 在there be句型中，附加疑问句中主语一般用be/情态动词/助动词+ there。There is a cup of tea on the desk,is nt it?There are nt any apples in the fridge,are there?三、反义疑问句的特殊句型1、当陈述部分有 never,rarely,nothing,no,nobody,seldom, hardly , few, little , barely, scarcely, noth ing等否定意义的词时，后面的反意疑问句则为肯定形式：There are few apples in the basket, are there?He can hardly swim, can he?They seldom come late, do they?2、 当陈述部分含有否定意思的词是un happy,dislike,u nfrie ndly 等含有否定词缀的派 生词，也就是有un-前缀、-less后缀等含有词缀而意思否定的词，当做肯定句处理， 疑问部分要用否定形式。如：He looks un happy,does nthe?他看上去不高兴，不是吗？The girl dislikes history,does nt she?这女孩不喜欢历史，不是吗？3、 当含有think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect等具有主观意义的动词后接宾语 从句构成的主从复合句在构成反意疑问句时，视情况不同有两种不同的构成方式。 当主句的主语为第一人称时，其后的简短问句应与从句相一致。例如：I expect our En glish teacher will be back this weeke nd, wont she/he? We suppose you have fini shed the project, have nt you?值得注意的是，当这些动词后接的宾语从句的否定转移到主句时，其仍属否定句，故其后的简短问句应用肯定式，而非否定式。例如：I dont believe that he can tra nslate this book, can he?We dont imag ine the twins have arrived, have they?此类句子的回答同”前否后肯型反意疑问句一样，如上述后一个句子，若双胞胎 已经到了，则回答为Yes, they have.；若尚未到达，使用No, they have nt.。 当主句的主语为第二、三人称时，其后的简短问句则应与主句相一致（此时，否 定只看主句，与从句无关）。例如：Your sister supposes she n eeds no help, does nt she?You thought they could have completed the project, did nt you?They dont believe shes an engin eer, do they?She does nt expect that we are com ing so soon, does she?4、含有had better反义疑问句陈述部分有had better,疑问句应用had nt等开头：You d better get up early, hadn t you?He had better read it by herself,had nt he?其他情况句中有have时疑问句应用dont等开头，如have表示“有”的时候，有 两种形式：-He has two sisters,does nt he?-He does nt have any sisters,doeshe?We have to get there at eight tomorrow, dont we?They had to give up the plan,didnt they?5、陈述部分的谓语是used to时，疑问部分用didnt +主语或 usednt + 主语。He used to take pictures there, didnt he? / usednt he?6、祈使句的反义疑问句当陈述部分是祈使句时，疑问句要根据语气来表达。当开头是Lets时，一定要用shall we。其余都用will you （包括Let us ）不论肯定否定Let s go out for a walk, shall we?Let us go out for a walk, will you?Let me help you,may I?Tur n on the radio, will you?6、There be句型的反义疑问句There be句型中，反义疑问部分必须为 be动词+ thereThere are some apples in the basket, are nt there?There isnt any milk left, is there?7、当有must出现时的反义疑问句当陈述部分有情态动词 must，问句有4种情况： must nt表示“禁止，不可，不必”时，附加问句通常要用 must.You must nt stop your car here,must you?你不能把车停在这地方，知道吗？ must表示“有必要”时，附加问句通常要用need nt.They must fi nish the work today ,n eed nt they?他们今天要完成这项工作，是吗？ 当must用来表示对现在的情况进行推测时，问句通常要根据must后面的动词采用相应的形式。He must be good at En glish,is nt he?他英语一定学得很好，是吗？Sh e must be a doctor, isnt she? 当must+have done表示对过去的情况进行推测（一般句中有明确的过去时间状 语），问句要根据陈述部分谓语的情况用“didnt+主语”或“wasnt/werent+主语”；如果 强调动作的完成（一般没有明确的过去时间状语），问句要用“havent/hasnt+主语”。She must have read the no vel last week,did nt she?她上星期一定读了这本小说，是吗？You must have told her about it,have nt you?你一定把这事告诉她了，是吗？You must have studied English for three years, havent you/didnt 知识点 4 2030分钟反义疑问句的回答1、肯定反意疑问句的回答当陈述部分为否定式，反意疑问句为肯定式时，其回答往往与汉语不一致，需特 别引起注意：It isnt cheap, is it? Yes, it is.“它不便宜吧？ ”“不，很便宜。”He doesn t love her, does he? No, he doesn t.“他不爱她，是吗？ ”“是的，他不爱她。”此时，Yes即不，对前面It isnt cheap.的否定。2、否定反意疑问句的回答当陈述部分为肯定式，反意疑问句为否定式时，其回答一般不会造成困难，一般只需照情况回答即可：Its new, isn t it? Yes, it is. “是新的，对吗？ ”“对，是新的。”He wa nts to go, does n t he? No, he does n t.“他想去，对吗？ ”“不，他不想去。”They don t work hard, do they? 他们不太努力工作，是吗？Yes, they do.不，他们工作努力。No, they don t.对， 他们工作不努力此时，No即是，对前面Its new.的肯定。3、回答反意疑问句的原则回答反意疑问句通常应根据实际情况来确定，如有人问你You are asleep, aren tyou?你应回答No, I m not.因为既然你能回答，肯定你还没有 asleep。但如果别人 问你 You aren t asleep, are you?（你还没有睡着，对吗），你也只能回答 No, I m not.（是的，还没有睡着），而不能回答为Yes, I m not.也不能回答成 Yes, I am. “It is a beautiful flower ， is nt it ？ ”“ It isnt a beautiful flower ， is it ？ ” .上述两句句子的回 答肯定均为“Yes, it is.否定为“No, it isnt.三、由上述例子可知，反义疑问句回答与句子本身所包含的中文肯定与否的含义并无 太大关联，只需注意事实，肯定即用yes，否定用no,无需考虑句子原本是前否后肯 或是前肯后否。l.lts very hot today, ?2. He can speak Chinese, ?3. Meimei studies in a middle school, 4. He never gets up late , ?5. Dont go out at night, ?6. He never loves cold weather , ?7. You finished the task yesterday, ?8.It a good day for swimming, is it?9. Tom has been to Singapore , ?10. The story is little interesting, ? .Everything starts to grow in spring, 12.He can hardly finish his homework, 13.1m in Class 3,Grade 2, ?14.Lets go shopping , ?15.She doesnt like climbing hills , ?16.I dont think it is cold today, ?17. You think he is a good flight attendant, 答案 ：1 . isnt it 2. cant he3.doesnt she4.does he 5.will you6. does he7.didnt you 8. isnt 9.hasnt he10.is it11.doesnt it12.canhe 13 .arent I 14.shall we 15.does she 16.is it17.dont you完成下列反意疑问句。1.He wouldnt wait in line the next day ,?A2.She has been learning English ,?A3. We cant take the books out ,?A4. He has to go home on foot ,?A5. You havent had your lunch?A6. We have nothing to eat ,?A7. They dislike the book ,?A8. There used to be a post office in the street ,?A9. We must hand in the exercises ,?A10. You dare to jump off the wall ,?A11. He made a few mistakes in his exercises ,?A12 She must be a music lover ,?A13.I dont think you re serious ,?A14. Let us do the jobs by ourselves ,?A15. Do the homework by yourselves ,?A16. Lets enter the hall ,?A17. You must have seen him yesterday ,? AAAAA18. Nobody knows where she lives, ?19. Few students can answer the question, 20. Mike likes English, ?21. That was a wonderful night, ?22. Your sister helped him, ?23. Tom is skating, ?24. You aren t a teacher, ?25. They haven t been to the Great Wall, 26. You will join the soccer team, ?27. He likes neither apples nor pears, ?28. There are some good books for you, 29. They have been there twice, ?30. Let s do it now, ?31. You dislike this kind of gifts, ?32. Nothing is impossible, ?33. Everything is possible, ?34. He doesn t go to school by bus, ?35. There is little milk left in the bottle, 36. Let us clean the classroom by ourselves, ?37. He has studied here for about four years, ?38. You have never lost money before, ?39. Few of them hurt themselves in the accident last night, 40. Peter could hardly see the words on the blackboard, 41.She s American, ?42. There will be a volleyball match in our school,43. Don t smoke in the reading-room, ?44.I don t think he is right, ?45. You must do your homework by yourself, ?46. You mustn t touch the machine, ?47. He must be a worker, ?48.Someone looked for me yesterday, 49.I m a teacher, ?50.What a nice watch, ?51.I wish to use your ruler, 52.1 have to stay at home, ?53. You d better wear warm clothes today, ?54. What he needs is his parents love, ?55. You d like a cup of tea, ?56. Don t be late again, ?57. Their prices are really low, ?58. Reading is good for you to learn English, ?59. No one knows about it, ?60.1 think you should study hard, ?答案AA1. would he 2.hasnt she 3.can we 4.doesnt he 5.have you 6.have we 7.dont they 8. usednt there9.neednt we lOdon t you ll.didnt he 12.isnt she 13.dont you 14.will you 15.will you 16will you17.didnt you18does it19. can they2O.doesn t he21.wasn t it22.didn t she23.isn t he24.are you25.have they26.wont you27.does he28.aren t there29.haven t they3O.shall we31.don t you32.is it33.isn t it34.does he35.is there36.will you37.hasn t he38.have you39.did they4O.could he41.isn t she42.won t there43.will you44.is he45.mustn t you46.must you47.isn t he48.didn t they49.aren t I5O.isn t it51.may I52.don t I53.hadn t you54.isn t it55.wouldn t you56.will you57.aren t they58.isn t it59.do they6O.shouldn t you