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专题限时检测(二十四)阅读理解D篇专练(二)(共2篇，限时20分钟)A(2019南通一模)Tens of thousands of young people in Britain who are struggling with their mental health are seeking help online for problems such as anxiety, selfharm and depression.Soaring numbers of under 18s are turning to apps, online counseling and “mood diaries” to help them manage and recover from conditions that have left them feeling low, isolated and, in some cases, suicidal.A generation of young people are attracted by being able to receive fast，personal care and advice using their phone rather than having to wait up to 18 months to be treated by an NHS mental health professional.The shift comes as ministers prepare themselves for publication on Thursday of the first new figures for 13 years showing how common mental health problems are in the young mainly as a result of the emergence of social media and its use in fuelling feelings of inadequacy.The number of under 18s using Kooth, a free online counseling (咨询的) service, has shot up from 20,000 in 2015 to 65,000 last year, and is forecast to rise further to 100,000 this year.One hundred NHS clinical commissioning groups across England, more than half the total, have now commissioned the service.It helps young people suffering from anxiety, low mood, poor selfworth or confidence, selfharm and loneliness.“Young people like the fact they can talk to a counsellor either instantly, or within 10 minutes, for up to an hour in the evenings.They love that immediacy”，said Aaron Sefi, the research and evaluation director at XenZone, the company behind Kooth.“They also love the anonymity involved, because they can sign up without giving their personal details.Plus, theyre in control, because they are choosing to contact us rather than being told to do so.”In addition, 123,138 people in the UK downloaded Calm Harm, an NHSapproved app that helps people selfharm less often or not at all, between April 2017 and this month.“Users tell us that Calm Harm helps with suicidal thoughts and intent，” said Dr.Nihara Krause, the consultant clinical psychologist who developed the app.“Currently 92% of our users, who are mainly female and often aged 1521, say the urge reduced.”Calm Harm is among 18 apps that NHS England has endorsed (支持) to help cope with mental illhealth.They also include BlueIce, which helps young people manage their emotions using a mood diary and automatic routing (自动转接) to emergency help numbers if their urges to selfharm continue.Experts welcomed the trend but warned that online help must complement, not replace, facetoface appointments with therapists, psychologists and psychiatrists.“Most young people spend much of their time online, and it can feel easier for them to communicate through messaging and online services than facetoface，”said Tom Madders, campaigns director at Young Minds, which helps people under 26.“Evidencebased mental health apps and online support services can be really beneficial in helping young people to look after their own mental health, develop strategies for coping with difficult emotions, and get accessible information and advice when they need it.”Claire Murdoch, NHS Englands national mental health director, said：“Technology is constantly evolving and young people are usually at the forefront, so its no surprise increasing numbers are turning to services like these which can certainly play a part, particularly when backed up by facetoface support.”The NHSs forthcoming longterm plan, due next month, will“harness (利用) all of the benefits these advancements can bring”， she added.Meanwhile, 37% of the young people referred to NHS child and adolescent mental health services (Camhs) in England last year were refused help, the childrens commissioner has revealed.In an analysis of Camhs care published on Thursday, the childrens commissioner for England, Anne Longfield, says that despite promises by politicians and NHS bosses to improve access, “a vast gap remains between what is provided and what children need”While she found improvements in several areas of care, including care for eating disorders, new mothers and under 18s in the criminal justice system, overall “the current rate of progress is still not good enough for the majority of children who require help but are not receiving it”语篇解读：本文主要介绍了几款青少年自主摆脱诸如焦虑、自残和抑郁等问题的在线软件。1Online help can be characterized as _.Ainstant, confidential and controllableBattractive, convenient and symbolicCeffective, accessible and controversialDconsiderate, authentic and impractical解析：选A细节理解题。根据信息词Online help可以定位到第三段“fast，personal”与A选项中的“instant，confidential”对应。第八段的“in control”对应controllable。 2Teenagers suffer from mental problems mainly because _.Athey lack professional guidanceBthey tend to be more selfcentredCsocial media make them feel less confidentDsocial media keep them distant from each other解析：选C细节理解题。 由第四段“showing how common mental health problems are in the young mainly as a result of the emergence of social media and its use in fuelling feelings of inadequacy”可知，青少年的精神痛苦主要来源于社交网络使他们感到不自信。inadequacy意为“不足，缺点”。 3Calm Harm helps teenagers to _.Akeep a journal of their moodsBmanage their feelings of stressCreduce the urge to harm themselvesDimprove their selfidentity and confidence解析：选C推理判断题。根据第十段、第十一段的内容，特别是“Users tell us that Calm Harm helps with suicidal thoughts and intent”“automatic routing (自动转接) to emergency help numbers if their urges to selfharm continue.”这两句，可知Calm Harm能够帮助青少年降低伤害自己的欲望。4Experts believe that online help can _.Astrengthen bonds between teenagers with mental illnessesBplay a role in pushing forward the cuttingedge advanceCreplace facetoface appointments with professionalsDserve as a complement to facetoface appointments解析：选D细节理解题。根据第十二段“online help must complement, not replace, facetoface appointments with therapists, psychologists and psychiatrists” 可知，在线帮助可以作为面对面的咨询的补充。5According to Anne Longfield, NHS child and adolescent mental health services _.Ahave lived up to their expectations and promisesBare reluctant to help teenagers with mental illnessesCwill complete their ambitious forthcoming longterm planDneed to struggle to meet the increasing needs of teenagers解析：选D细节理解题。根据第十八段“despite promises by . to improve access，a vast gap remains between what is provided and what children need”可知，这个服务供不应求。6What does the passage mainly talk about?AThe popularity of online apps in treating teenagers mental illnesses.BThe contrasts between online help services and facetoface support.CThe influence of teenagers mental illnesses on online help services.DThe drawbacks with the existing adolescent mental health services.解析：选A主旨大意题。全文在讨论青少年的精神疾病，同时主要介绍了治疗的app，而A选项包含了这两个关键词，故选A。B(2019南京、盐城二模)“With depressingly few exceptions, performances are dull and lack vitality .After years of trying to convince myself otherwise, I now feel sure that ballet is dying.” Jennifer Homans, Apollos Angels.Is ballet dead? Has the art form evolved to depression? Jennifer Homanss conclusion to her fascinating history of ballet, Apollos Angels, is worrying.It appears that ballets pulse continues to beat strongly, however, especially with a Tchaikovsky defibrillator attached.So why are some dance commentators arguing that ballet is dying? And do they have a point?“Ballet is dead” “Ballet is dying” all ring tones of Friedrich Nietzsches philosophical claim: “God is dead.” Headline grabbing, certainly.Yet can ballet be defined in such black and white terms? Surely it is more abstract, filled with shades of popular grey._To start with, how do you define ballet? What is ballet today? Consider popular modern classics like Twyla Tharps In the Upper Room, where dancers wear pointy shoes and sneakers, combining contemporary and classical vocabulary together.Or closer to home, there is Graeme Murphys Swan Lake，which layers elements of Petipas choreography (编舞) with a contemporary theme and aesthetic.Many contemporary choreographers all embrace classical form and principles, then manipulate (操纵) the rules._The line between contemporary dance and ballet is vague.In an interview with The Telegraph (2015), British choreographer Matthew Bourne acknowledges that this “crossfertilisation” between contemporary dance and ballet continues to grow, as evidenced by the rise in new commissions from contemporary choreographers at the Royal Ballet and English National Ballet.Referring to Homanss book, Bourne believes what has changed is that “the dance forms are coming closer together”Not dying, but merging.Reinventing.This has been the case amongst Australasian ballet companies for many years now._Homans writes that ballets decline began after the passing of Ashton and Balanchine.Something has changed, certainly.A stylistic transition from neoclassical to contemporary ballet has occurred._Our art forms evolution has always been with extinction.Prominent dance critic with The New York Times, Alastair Macaulay, says: “ballet has died again and again over the centuries，” and yet, “phoenixlike, rose again from its ashes”History shows there were periods where ballet hibernated and lacked popularity.This coincided with the art forms changing forums.So here is the irony: what sells best, still, are reproductions of Petipas classics.A season without a Tchaikovsky score is a financial risk.And without Nutcracker (胡桃夹子), half the ballet companies in North America would not exist.Admittedly, as a dancer, my favourite roles Albrecht, Prince Siegfried and Romeo were from the classical canon; I am a traditionalist at heart (who loves to be challenged by good contemporary ballets)A part of the charm behind classical repertoire, for me, was in reproducing the glories of past greats.Classical ballets framework supports the modern process of benchmarking.Perhaps Jennifer Homanss thoughts are not completely unfounded.Perhaps ballet is dying for some.Ballets evolution has been delayed by its audiences.And as Homans suggests in her epilogue, perhaps also by its creatives.Now here is a bold prediction.In line with the Royal Ballets programming in Brisbane this year of Christopher Wheeldons The Winters Tale, and Wayne MacGregors Woolf Works over the next 20 years, ballets reliance on Petipa will decrease.Contemporary ballets and mergestyled ballets will produce their boxoffice influence ever more.Why?It is simple: our audiences will be ready for ballet to change again.语篇解读：本文主要是讨论了芭蕾舞到底是消亡了，还是在进一步的发展的问题。7Why does the writer cite Jennifer Homanss words at the beginning of the passage?ATo support the writers viewpoint.BTo introduce the topic of the passage.CTo highlight the theme of the passage.DTo provide the background knowledge.解析：选B推理判断题。文章在开头引用Jennifer认为芭蕾在衰落，是希望引出本文探讨的芭蕾兴衰的话题，起到引入话题的作用。8The sentence “Is this not ballet？” should be put in _.ABC D解析：选B推理判断题。由插入的句子“Is this not ballet”可知，前文应当是提到一种舞蹈，而第2处前讲的就是现在当代编舞者都运用一定的规则将古典融入现代舞蹈中。9Which of the following statements is a fact about ballet?A“Surely it is more abstract, filled with shades of popular grey.” (Para.3)B“The line between contemporary dance and ballet is vague.” (Para.5)C“Our art forms evolution has always been with extinction.” (Para.7)D“What sells best, still, are reproductions of Petipas classics.” (Para.8)解析：选D细节理解题。在第八段作者通过种种客观事实举例论证了，人们仍然偏爱经典。其余选项虽然是文中所提到的，但都是人们抽象的主观推测，并不是客观的确凿事实。10According to Matthew Bourne, _.Athe dance forms remain unchangedBcontemporary dance has reinvented classic balletCballet is experiencing growth and will continue to developDa new form of ballet is widely accepted among Australians解析：选C细节理解题。根据第五段第二句“British choreographer Matthew Bourne acknowledges that this crossfertilisation between contemporary dance and ballet continues to grow, . ”可知，马修伯恩认为当代舞蹈和芭蕾舞之间的“交叉融合”在继续发展。所以芭蕾舞正在经历一个新的发展阶段，将来还会继续发展。11The writer takes himself as an example in Paragraph 8 in order to show _.Aclassics should be promotedBclassics are still of great significanceCclassical ballets framework is out of dateDcontemporary ballets attract more audiences解析：选B推理判断题。第八段中作者说，作为一名舞蹈演员，他最喜欢的角色是阿尔布雷特、齐格弗里德王子和罗密欧，他们来自古典正典。对他来说，古典剧目背后的魅力之一就是再现过去那些伟大人物的辉煌。古典芭蕾舞的框架支持现代的基准制作过程。所以作者描述自己的个人体会是为了说明古典舞蹈仍然是很重要的。12What may be the audiences attitude to the change of ballet?ASupportive. BArbitrary.CCritical. DConcerned.解析：选A推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的内容，特别是最后一句“Contemporary ballets and mergestyled ballets will produce their boxoffice influence ever more.” 可知，现代芭蕾舞和合并风格的芭蕾舞将对他们的票房影响力越来越大。所以作者对于芭蕾舞与现代舞蹈的融合持积极的态度，是支持的。Supportive“支持的，拥护的”； Arbitrary“随意的，任性的”； Critical“关键的；批评的”；Concerned“担忧的”。7
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