形容词的分类课件

The greatest gifts in life are not purchased,but acquired through hard work and determination.中文：生命中最珍贵的礼物不是花钱买来的，而是通过努力和决心而获取的。形容词和形容词词组形容词和形容词词组 23.1 形容词分类 简单形容词和复合形容词(One-word Adjective&Compound-Adjective)中心形容词和外围形容词（Central Adjective&Peripheral Adjective）动态形容词和静态形容词（Dynamic Adjective&Stative Adjective ）等级形容词和非等级形容词（Gradable Adjective&Non-gradable Adjective）单词形容词 单词形容词有得仅一个自由词素构成 eg:big,small,bad,good,hot,cold 有的由自由词根加前缀或后缀或前后缀构成eg:unkind,impossible,lovely,voiceless,monolingual,unthinkable You got good grades.That made it impossible for us to fulfil the task on time.Youre so lovely Its unthinkable that he did that thing to you.a+n.edKind-heartedn+v.edsuntannedn+v.ingOcean-goingn+agrassgreena/ad+v.edWell meanta/ad+v.ingHard-workinga+aLight-blue复合形容词复合形容词Translation I have lots of bitter-sweet memories.There was a deer-caught-in-the-headlights look in her eyes.The well-known and iron-willed statesman made a speech which was well-grounded and carefully worded,and would have far-reaching influence on the world.4.The children are behaving well.They are_ well-behaved5.Dick is more cautious than is necessary.He is _ over-cautious6.The room was filled with smoke.I dont like to stay long in such a _room.smoke-filled1.The teacher favored my applying for a scholarship.His opinion is_ favorable2.Andy was always deep in thought.He was very _boy thoughtful3.He seldom asks for help.He is very _ independent中心形容词中心形容词（central adjective）这种形容词构成本词类的主体能做名词修饰语None attribute&主语补语Subject complement&宾语补语Object completment Green apples are sour.(作名词修饰语)Pillar-boxes are green.(作主语补语)They have painted the windows green.)做宾语补语)外围形容词(peripheral adjective)Definition:A few adjectives can be only used as modifier or complement.外围形容词指少数只能做修饰语或者只能作补语的形容词。Utter(只修不补只修不补)This is utter nonsense The nonsense is utter Asleep(只补不前修只补不前修)This child is asleep this is an asleep child 动态形容词和静态形容词动态形容词动态形容词（少数）Dynamic adjective定义：动态形容词带有动作含义1.有以-able结尾的形容词，大多数有被动含义：adorable,disagreeable,reasonable 2.有以-ous,-ful,-some,-ive 结尾的形容词：tiresome,generous,helpful,creative.3.有分词转化来的形容词:irritating,wicked,conceited(自负的).4.表人性格特征的形容词：greedy,witty,stupid.静态形容词静态形容词（多数）Stative adjective定义：描绘人或物的静态特征tall,short,big,small,ugly,beautiful,shallow,deep,bluewhite,straightA bit more information 4.动态形容词常用于“its+a.+of”静态形容词常用于“its+a.+for”Eg:Its kind of you to do that.its easy for you to finish the work.5.动态形容词作表语可与forsake(为了的缘故)结构连用，静态形容词不可以。She was polite for his sake.The differences区别1.动形可与be动词的进行时搭配，静否2.动形可用于be动词开头的祈使句，静否3.动形可以用于使役结构，静否She is being witty.（她在耍小聪明）She is being beautiful.Shes tall.Shes being tall.Be careful!Be tall!I persuaded her to be generous.I persuaded her to be pretty.1.what he did was to be _.A.tall B.pretty C.careful D.white答案C.静态形容词不能用于What he did was to be这类句型后作表语，而动态形容词可以。2.this is a(an)_ child.A.asleep B.happy C.award D.alive答案B.(ACD是外围形容词且以前缀-a开首的形容词作后置定语，如本身带有副词修饰，则可作前置定语。)等级形容词与非等级形容词 1.等级形容（gradable adjective）的首要特征：具有比较等级 tall-taller-tallest 2.可以接受强调词的修饰 So beautiful1.非等级形容词（non-gradable adjective)2.有一些静态形容词，特别是某些由名词转化来的表示类别,来源或出处的形容词是不可等级的。atomic scientist(原子科学家)French food 9(法国食品）3.本身已带有“极度”的意思 perfect,excellent,extreme 等级形容词1.-er和和-est型型(单音节形容词和部分双音节单音节形容词和部分双音节a.在词尾在词尾+)thinthinnerthinnest2.more和和most型（多音节形容词在原级前型（多音节形容词在原级前+）Importantmore importantmost important3.不规则不规则 原级原级 比较级比较级 最高级最高级 good/well better best bad/ill worse worst old/eld older/elder oldest/eldest much/many more most little less/lesser(次要的次要的）least far father/further farthest/furthest4.加后缀加后缀most up-upper-uppermost3.I think this exhibition is _ of the two.I have never seen _ exhibition.A.by far better;the better B.far better;a betterC.by far the better;a better D.far the better;a better答案C.表示“(两者中)较的那一个”用“the+比较级”，排除A和B。far只能紧靠在所修饰的比较级之前，by far一般放在比较级之后，若有冠词时，要放在冠词之前或比较级之后。1.He is _ than bad.A.more good B.better C.much better D.best 答案A 比较级+than是针对同一性质进行比较，more+该词原级+than是对一人或一物两种不同性质较.2.Are you pleased with what he has done?It couldnt be _.Why didnt he put more effort into his work?A.any worse B.much better C.so bad D.the best 答案A.因为It couldnt be any worse.意为“(他的工作做得)非常差”，与后文内容相符。The end