直接引语间接引语专练

笑傲江湖工作室笑傲江湖工作室直接引语直接引语-间接引语间接引语-专练专练冀教版（九年级上册）冀教版（九年级上册）概念：直接引语是引用别人的原话。间接引语是转述别人的话，转述过程就 是把直接引语变成了宾语从句。直接引语：他说:她是个好工人.He said:“I am a good worker.”间接引语:他说她是个好工人。He said that she is a good worker直接引语变间接引语（宾语从句）的注意事项有三点：直接引语的句式：决定连接代词或连接副词 间接引语的语序：先主后谓的陈述语序主句和从句的时态呼应（1）主句一般现在时，从句一般和直接引语一致（2）主句一般过去时，从句是过去范围内的时态（3）间接引语只要表示客观事实或真理，都用一般现 在时（一）句式转变：（一）句式转变：直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导引导 的宾语从句。的宾语从句。She said,“Our bus will arrive in five minutes.”She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由间接引语应改为由 whether或或if引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句.He said,“Can you swim,John?”He asked John if he could swim。“Do you go to school by bus or by bike?”He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike。直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。She asked me,“When do they have their dinner?”She asked me when they had their dinner.She asked me what Jack was doing when she came in.直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为“Tell(ask,order,beg等等)sb(not)to do sth.”句型句型。如：如：1.“Dont make any noise,”the teacher said to the students.She told(ordered)the students not to make any noise.2.“Open the door,please,”said she.She asked him to open the door.直接引语如果是以直接引语如果是以“Lets”开头的祈使句，变为间开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用接引语时，通常用“suggest+动句词（或从句）动句词（或从句）”如如：He said,“Lets go to the movies.”He suggested going to the movies.或或He suggested that they should go to see the movies.（二）间接引语的语序:间接引语必须是先主后谓的陈述语序。She asked me,“When do they have their dinner?”She asked me when they had their dinner.（三）主从句的时态呼应：（三）主从句的时态呼应：直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。1)一般现在时一般现在时一般一般过去时态过去时态；She said:“I am a student.”She said(that)she was a student.2)一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时 She said,“He will go to see his friend.”She said he would go to see his friend。Tom said,“I am going to play basketball tomorrow.”Tom said he was going to play basketball tomorrow.3)现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时；She said,“I am reading a book.”She said she was reading a book.直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：He said,“I get up at six every morning。”如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式不再如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式不再变变（例：（例：could,should,would,might）The doctor said,“You should stay in bed for 2 days.”The doctor said I should stay in bed for 2 days.”和已经是过去时的形式时和已经是过去时的形式时，例：例：ought to，had better,used to Peter said.You had better come here today.He said he gets up at six every morning.Peter said I had better go there that day.人称的改变：人称的改变：口诀：一随主。二随宾，第三不变。口诀：一随主。二随宾，第三不变。“一随主一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：She said.“My brother wants to go shopping with me.”She said her brother wanted to go shopping with her.“二随宾二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：第一人称，如：He said to Kate.“How is your sister now?”He asked Kate how her sister was then。“第三人称不更新第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：中的人称一般不需要变化如：Mr.Smith said,“Jack is a good boy.”Mr.Smith said Jack was a good boy.注意：以下几种情况时态注意：以下几种情况时态 不变不变直接引语是客观真理。直接引语是客观真理。The teacher said：“The earth moves around the sun.”The teacher said me the earth moves around the sun earth.直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：如：Jack said.I was born on April 2l,1980.直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。Jack said.“I was doing chores when Tom came to see me”Jack said he was doing chores when Tom came to see him.Jack said he was born on April 21,1980.三、如何变状语：三、如何变状语：直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规律，直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规律，时间状语时间状语由由“现在现在”改为改为“原来原来”（例：（例：now变为变为then,yesterday变为变为 the day before today变为变为 that day He said,”I want to go swimming now.”He said he wanted to go swimming then.地点状语地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，尤其表示方向性的，here 变变 there The teacher said,“You should come here at 7:00.”The teacher said I should go there at 7:00.指示代词指示代词修饰的状语，由修饰的状语，由“此此”改为改为“彼彼”例：例：this 改为改为that He said,This books is mine.“He said that book was his.agobefore;this morningthat morningYesterdaythe day before;tomorrowthe next daynext weekthe following week/the next weekYesterday morningthe morning before谓语动词的变化谓语动词的变化:直接引语直接引语:Must;Come;bring间接引语间接引语:had to;go;takeShe said,I will come here this evening.”She said that she would go there that eveningExercise1.“I never eat meat.”he said.He said that _ never _ meat.2.“Ive found my wallet.”he said to me.He _ me that he _ _ _ wallet.3.“I took it home with me.”she said.She said that _ _ _ it home with her.4.The teacher said,“The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”The teacher said that the sun _ in the east and _ down in the west.5.“I met her yesterday.”he said to me.He _ me that he _ met the day _.6.“You must come here before five.”he said.He said that I _ to go _ before five.7.“I bought the house 10 years ago.”he said.He said that he _ bought the house 10 years _.heatetoldhadFound hisshehadtakenrisegoestoldhadbeforehadbeforehadthere8.“Did you see her last week?”he said.He _ _ I had seen her the week _.9.He said,“You can sit here,Jim.”He _ Jim that he _ sit there10.He asked,“How did you find it,mother?”He asked her mother _ _ _ found it.11.“Where have you been these days?”he asked.He asked me _ _ _been _ days.12.“Do you know where she lives?”he asked.He asked _ _ knew where she _.13.“Stop making so much noise,children.”he said.He _ the children _ _ making so much noise.14.“Dont tell him the news.”she said.She told me _ _ him the news.15.“Are you intested in this?”he said.He _ _ I was interestd in _.ifaskedtoldbeforeshecouldwherehowhadIhadthoselivedIifstoptotoldtonotaskedtellifthat