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分 词 现在分词 过去分词 V-ing (doing) V-ed (done) 现在分词的时态和语态 一般式 完成式 主动语态 被动语态 doing having done being done having been done 现在分词的否定式： not doing 1.作状语 2.作定语 3.作表语 4.作补语 现 在 分 词 1.作状语 2.作定语 3.作表语 4.作补语 过 去 分 词 分 词 做 状 语 When they heard the news, they got excited. Hearing the news, they got excited. (时间 ) Having visited the city many times, he offered to be our guide. （原因） Because he had visited the city many times, he offered to be our guide. 分 词 做 状 语 If we were given more time, we would be able to do the work better. Given more time, we would be able to do the work better.（条件） Having been bitten by a snake, she was frightened at it. (原因 ) Because she had been bitten by a snake, she was frightened at it. Being done 分 词 做 状 语 doing having done being done having been done 形 式 意 义 该动词与 句子主语 为 主动 关系； 该动词所表达的动作与句中 谓语动词 所表达的动作 同时 发生。 该动词与 句子主语 为 主动 关系； 该动词所表达的动作 先于 句中 谓语动词 所表达的动作。 done 该动词与 句子主语 为 被动 关系。 该动词与 句子主语 为 被动 关系； 该动词所表达的动作与句中 谓语动词 所表达的动作 同时 发生 通常用作原因状语。 该动词与 句子主语 为 被动 关系； 该动词所表达的动作 先于 句中 谓语动词 所表达的动作。 分词做状语 1. _ from space, the earth looks blue . 2. _ from space , we can see the earth is blue . A. Seen B. Seeing C. Having seen D. See A 4. Returning home, _. A. my watch was missing B. my watch was gone C. my watch was lost D. I found my watch missing D B 1._many times , he still couldn t understand it . 2._ many times , but he still couldn t understand it . A. Having been told . B. Told C. He was told D. Though he had been told 3. _for two hours , he went away . A. waiting B. to wait C. waited D. Having waited D A C 分词做状语 有些分词短语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影 响，称作独立成分。常见的有： Generally speaking 一般说来 Frankly speaking 坦白地说 Judging from 根据 来判断 Considering 考虑到 To tell you the truth 说实话 Compared to/with 和 相比 分词做状语 2. _ that he ill, his work should be done by others. A.Considered B. To consider C. Considering D. Consider 1. _ from his appearance, he is very strong. A. Judging B. Being judged C. To judge D. Judge A C 分词做状语 falling leaves 正在下落的树叶 fallen leaves 已经落下的树叶 boiling water 沸腾的水 boiled water 烧开过的水 developing countries developed countries 发展中国家 发达国家 分词做定语 The girl let out a frightened cry at the sight of the snake. (The girl was frightened. ) 看到蛇，女孩尖叫起不。 His frightening shout scared the boys. ( The shout was frightening and the boys felt frightened. ) 他大吼一声把那帮男孩给吓跑了。 表所修饰词的性质、特征和状态。 The houses being built are for the teachers. （ The houses is being built.) The houses built in 2000 are for the teachers. (The houses have already been built.) The workers building the houses are from countries. (The workers are building the houses.) 表动作已经 完成； 与所修饰的名词是 被动关系 表动作 正在进行 ；与所修饰的名词是 被动关系 表动作 正在进行 ；与所修饰的名词是 主动关系 分词做定语 doing being done done 形 式 意 义 The news is _. （令人鼓舞） He is _. (感到惊讶） inspiring surprised. 分词做表语 作表语时或定语时， -ing form表示“ 令人 ” ,pp 表示“ 感到 ”，常见的有下列动词： move ,surprise,astonish,delight,comfort,disappoint, puzzle,frighten an exciting voice 令人兴奋的声音 an excited voice 兴奋的声音 a puzzling look 令人迷惑不解的表情 a puzzled look 困惑的表情 分词做宾语补语 5看（ look at, see, watch,notice,observe）； 3使（ make, let, have）； 2听（ listen to, hear）； 1感觉（ feel）。 以上动词和 find, keep, have等词可用 现在分词 作宾语补 足语 ,除 let, make 外 .（ 5+3+2+1-2+3）：也可以用 过 去分词 作宾语补足语，。如： I found him cooking supper. I found supper cooked when I got home. “吾看三室两厅一感觉” Summary 意 义 现在分词 过去分词 充当的成分 表语 定语 状语 宾语补足语 与 句中主语 是 主动 关系 与 句中主语 是 被动 关系 与 所修饰的名词 是 主动 关系 与 所修饰的名词 是 被动 关系 与 所修饰的宾语 是 主动 关系 与 所修饰的宾语 是 被动 关系 与 句中主语 是 主动 关系 与 句中主语 是 被动 关系 1.The students went out of the classroom, _（说说笑笑） (talk) 2.He entered the room, _ (后面跟着女朋友） (follow) 3.We saw the teacher_. （做实验） (do) 4. Ive never heard the song _ (用英语唱） (sing) talking and laughing doing the experiment sung in English followed by his girlfriend
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