大英二summary

U1R1 What are the most important issues for students today? Is the university campus really such a different place compared to what it was 40 years ago? For the students in the 1960s, going to college was the most exciting and stimulating experience of their life. They took part in protests and launched strikes against the establishment with their new and passionate commitment to freedom and justice. Going to college also meant their first taste of real freedom. They could discuss the meaning of life, read their first forbidden book and see their first indie film. In contrast, the students today dont have the passion for college life that they used to. Today, college is seen as a kind of small town from which people are keen to escape. Instead of the heady atmosphere of freedom which students in the 1960s discovered, students today are much more serious. College has become a means to an end, an opportunity to improve their prospects of being competitive in the employment market, and not an end in itself. But in spite of all this, the role of the university is the same as it always has been. It is the place where students have the opportunity to learn to think for themselves. U2R1Empathy, once known as motor mimicry, originates from physical imitation of others distress, which then arouses the same feelings in oneself. Children seem to feel other childrens pain and discomfort from the day they are born-much earlier than they realize they exist as individuals. By one year old, they start to learn the misery is someone elses but still seem confused about what to do. At around two and a half years, children may grow out of motor mimicry when they are able to differentiate their own feelings from others feelings, so they are able to use other means to comfort others. At the same time, their empathic concern begins to differ from one to another.U2R2This is Sandy is an extract from Tone, a story about the life of a deaf girl. She thinks her friends are honorable people who beam with pride when they introduce her to someone new. When people find out she is deaf they are mostly shocked for a moment at first but pretend not to be. Sandy says that the hearing aids she saw in a catalog are great fashion accessories, theyre just like a clip you put onto your ear. Sandy likes to show her hearing aid. She doesnt tie her hair up in a knot but she tucks it behind her ears. Sandys friend Carol introduces her to a boy called Colin at a party. They sit together on a couch and Colin realizes that Sandy can understand what he is saying by reading his lips. Someone turns up the volume of the music and they dance together. Soon they are dating. This is when the real drama begins.U3R1Identity theft refers to stealing information about someone that makes it possible to use their bank account or credit card. With an informal and conversational tone the author persuades readers into actions against the threats of identity fraud in our daily life. According to the author we make the thieves job easy by leaving our mails unprotected, using ball pens for checks and forms, throwing documents containing our personal information in the trash, leaving our computer on and so on. So we should look for different ways to protect ourselves and change our mindset. Identity crime is very likely to happen at any time, to any of us. We can take precautions to improve the chances of avoiding this crime, though it will never go away. U3R2The writer tries to create a feeling of fear in order to warn readers of the threat involved in the ever-increasing amounts of data on people being collected. With various stylistic devices, the writer leads readers along his thought-path step by step to the point that collecting personal information places people in peril because we dont know who collects it for what purposes. And neither do we know where the information goes and how it is used. According to the writer, identity theft is much feared in society, but there are worse things than that. And the danger is growing though it is vague, not certain. There is no balance yet between the convenience of the world and the peril that we sense in the presence of all that information in the databases which can be employed as a weapon as well as a tool. U4R1What exactly is news? The objective importance and the historical, international significance of an event is not enough. It is the odd, unexpected and human nature that made news like 9/11 memorable and newsworthy. So is immediacy which refers to the nearness of the event in time. When it comes to immediacy, those media like TV, radio and Internet have an enormous advantage over the press. However, no matter what form it may take, all the media more or less covertly, influence the public. That is the so- called power of the media. In the new millennium, maybe the press or TV are not going to disappear overnight, but the power of the media may be eroded or at least devolved to ordinary people. U4R2All over the English-speaking world, newspaper circulation has been confronted with a long-term trend of decline. The decline comes much from the challenge of internet and the negative environmental impact of newspaper industry. The challenge of internet mainly focuses on its attraction to readers and minute-by-minute ads monitoring system. But maybe the newspaper wont die without struggle. Besides its convenience over laptop, the demand for local news and the exploitation of lifestyle journalism will create new revenue streams. And more interestingly, the ritual of reading the newspaper has become a hard habit to break.U5R2To escape from Nazi persecution of the Jews, Anne and her family members emigrated from Germany to Holland. However, in 1940 the Germans invaded, and occupied Holland. So quickly did the persecution of the Dutch Jews begin there that the Franks and another Jew family, the Van Pels went into hiding in the secret annexe. For the next two years, eight people of the two families were confined to just six small rooms and could never go outside. Under such harsh circumstances, Anne continued to write her diary, which she started a few weeks before they moved to the hiding. Her diary was the account of the day-to-day activity in the annexe the suffering, but her dreams and aspirations were still there. The diary voiced a declaration of her principles and of the right to human dignity so profoundly that it was viewed as the voice of Holocaust.In August 1944, the hiding place was stormed, and Nazi officers arrested everyone. They were taken to concentration camps. Out of the eight people in hiding, Otto Frank was the only survivors, and when he found his daughters diary after the war, he arranged for its publication in recognition of her courage. Annes writing would be a support and comfort to the world after her death. U6R1Standing at the vast and beautiful Stadium Australia, I was tense and excited. The feeling was fantastic since I was so close to my childhood dream. I tried to concentrate on the crowd and felt unified with them. The first lap was good but mental and physical fatigue were starting to crush me on the second lap. I kept telling myself: “two minutes, one more lap towards being the Olympic champion”. As I crossed the line I was sure that Id just made it. But negative thoughts lingered in my mind. When I saw my name in lights I felt a tingle through the whole of my body. It was the moment that will stay with me for the rest of my life.U6R2It is time to blow the whistle on the so-called beautiful game - soccer. For one thing, it is a game of chance. Goals are the best illustration of the chance nature of this game. Ninety percent of goal shots failed. The scoring system is another evidence. Most finals, 0-0, 1-0, 2-1, indicate that games tend to be standoffs and its a matter of luck to be ahead when time runs out. For another, soccer is a sport in which strategies and regulations are so obscure. No universal interpretation can be found for offside rules. Besides, with only one referee on the field, most of the infractions - pushing, punching, tripping, kneeing, handballing - are committed when he isnt looking.