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人教版-七上-专题-完形填空知识元完形填空解读知识讲解完形填空解读命题规律解题步骤第 1 页完形填空的解题技巧共分为 5 大类，分别是词汇复现法、上下文推理法、逻辑 推理法、文化背景常识和固定搭配法。例题精讲完形填空解题技巧之词汇复现法知识讲解词汇复现法1. 技巧点睛“词汇复现”是指某一词汇以原词、词形变化(如 easily 和 easy)、同义词 /近义词(如 road 和 street)、反义词 (如 happy 和 sad )、上下义词 (上下义是指词的总结和分解关系，上义词是总称词，下义词是被包含的个体或种类。如 parents 是 father 的 上义词；coat 是 clothes 的下义词) 等重复出现在语篇之中。2. 真题探究技巧(1) 原词复现典例分析Lunch is from 12:00 to 1:00, and after that we have 33 . It is myfavorite subject. Our Chinese teacher, Mrs. Wang, is great fun.33. A. French B. Chinese C. English D. Japanese【答案】33. B第 2 页【解析】33. 根据后文 “Our Chinese teacher, Mrs. Wang, is great fun”可知选 B.(2) 词形变化(3) 同义词/近义词 复现(4) 反义词暗示There are many 47 on the farm. They are horses, cows, 48 , and pigs. The man near the gate is a 49 .49.A. farmer B. writer C. driver D. teacher【答案】49. A【解析】49. 根据上文“on the farm”且 “farmer”为 farm 的 名词（职业）形式，故选 A。When we wash our faces，time 55 away in front of usAnd when we play，time goes away.55. A. runs B. puts C. throws D. takes【答案】55. A【解析】55. 根据下文“time goes away”可知这里缺少与“goes away”一样表示时间流逝的词汇，故选 A。There is a popular saying，“Every little bit counts. ”In a city ， every little bit of litter makes a difference. Every little bit ofgarbage makes a city _38_. Every “litter” bit of garbage in a garbage can helps to _39_a clean city.第 3 页(5) 上下义词提醒38. A. clean B. dirty C. special D. green【答案】38. B【解析】38. 根据下文“a clean city”可知后面这种情况是干净的城市，而前面要描述的则是其反面意思 “dirty”，故选 B.There are many 47 on the farmThey are horses, cows47. A. animals B. pigs C. people D. cats【答案】47. A【解析】根据下文“They are horses, cows”，可知此处应该填一 个词囊括所有，所以选其上义词“animal”，故选 A.例题精讲完形填空解题技巧之词汇复现法例 1.Mr. Brown has done his days work, and his _ (36), Harry and Kate, have come home from school. “Hows your day, my lovely angels?” . . “Great!” says both children.A cousinsCchildrenBdaughtersDsons【答案】C【解析】题干解析:例 2.Harry and Kate _ (41) a story in a new book. The father reads his newspaper, and the mother mends (修补) Harrys stockings.Sometimes, they tell one another what they are reading about, and have a chat over the events of the day.第 4 页AwriteCwatchB readDhear【答案】B【解析】题干解析:例 3.Walters 34 were worried about him. “If he makes excuses all the time, nobody will believe him. He wont keep a job. No bright girl will like him,” said his father.AparentsCclassmatesBfriendsDteachers【答案】A【解析】题干解析:例 4.The police can _32_. They can watch for litterbugs. Litterbugs are people who throw（扔） garbage on the ground. But sometimes even the police cannot help much.AuseChelp 【答案】C 【解析】 题干解析:BanswerDsave完形填空解题技巧之上下文推理法知识讲解上下文推理法1.1. 技巧点睛“上下文推理法”是指根据对上下文 的语义和整个语篇的理解，进行适当的推理判断，因此需重点注意挖空处的上下文语境 ，判断清楚所要表达的含义。第 5 页2. 真题探究技巧(1) 挖空处向下看适用于下文是对挖空处典例分析“ There must be a (an) 42 .” “Well. Yes.” Hisfather said. “We have a really good excuse for forgetting your birthday, Walter.33. A. answer B. reasonC. plan D. example【答案】B【解析】根据下文“We have a really good excuse”可知有 一个很好的理由，故选 B.的解释或举例His neighbor Cathy was a34 girl. She had many(2) 挖空处向上看适用于上文是对挖空处 的描述或举例friendsshe helped him. She talked a lot with him and sometimes played with him.34. A. kind B. badC. hard D. beautiful【答案】A【解析】根据下文“She had many friends, she helped him.”可知这个女孩很友善，故选 A。 “Hows your day, my lovely angels?” _37_ Mr. Brown when he walks into the room第 6 页37. A. answers B. asks C. talks D. tells【答案】B【解析】根据上文 “Hows your day, my lovely angels?” 可 知这是在询问今天怎么样，故选 B。 “Great!” says both children. They learn their lessons well today, and both feel _38_.38. A. sure B. sad C. happy D. bored【答案】C【解析】根据上文“Great !”和“They learn their lessonswell today”可知他们对自己这一天很满意，所以应该是 开心的，故选 C.“Itll be my birthday tomorrow. Ill have abirthday 37. Will you come?(3) 挖空处上下看适用于挖空处是上文与 下文的过渡38. A. card B. presentC. cake D. party【答案】D【解析】根据上文“Itll be my birthday”和下文“Willyou come? ”可知明天我将举行生日 party，故选 D.例题精讲完形填空解题技巧之上下文推理法第 7 页例 1.The next day was Walters birthday. When he thought of 38 birthday presents, he couldnt waitAsendingCgettingBbuyingDgiving【答案】C【解析】题干解析:例 2.There were no presents, not even a card. He was very 41 .AsadCnervousBhappyDcareful【答案】A【解析】题干解析:例 3.My friends，we must keep in mind ， “Time and tide wait for no man” Now we are still 60 It is the best time for us to learnAoldCstrongB youngDweak【答案】B【解析】题干解析:例 4.Harry and Kates bedtime comes first. The little boy and girl 42 their dear father and mother a sweet good nightA teachCgive【答案】C【解析】题干解析:完形填空解题技巧之逻辑推理法BhaveDkiss知识讲解第 8 页逻辑推理法1. 技巧点睛“逻辑推理法”是根据文章的逻辑关系（如因果、并列、让步、转折、时间顺序、目的、条件、选择等）进行适当的推理判断，因此需特别注意挖空处表示逻辑关系的连词 （如 and 表并列，but 和 however 表转折，because 和 so 表因果，first of all、then 和 finally 表顺序等）。2. 真题探究技巧(1) and 表并列and 前后表达的意思应该保持 一致，或存在一定的顺承含义(2) but 和 however 表转折but 前后表达的意思应该不一 致(3) because 和 so 表因果某事的结果，because+原因 某事的原因，so+结果典例分析Before he left，he would give me a big kiss(亲吻)on the face _38_tell me to be a good boy.38. A. but B. so C. or D. and【答案】D【解析】根据上下文“give me a big kiss”和“ to be a good boy”可知前后存在并列关系，选 D.A city can buy more garbage cans（垃圾桶）._31_usually that doesnt help much. In somecities，people dont use garbage cans.31. A. But B. So C. Or D. And【答案】A【解析】根据上文“A city can.”下文“doesnthelp much.”可知前后存在转折关系，因此选A。. Every day she came to the womans house and left a golden feather（羽毛）. She was happy 37 her life was better than before.37. A. because B. orC. but D. so【答案】A【解析】根据下文“her life was better than before” 可推断出“她开心是因为她的生活比之前要好多 了”，故选 A。第 9 页例题精讲完形填空解题技巧之逻辑推理法例 1.Then at 9:00 I have science. It is difficult 32 interesting.A soCbutBorD and【答案】C【解析】题干解析:例 2.By watching TV, children can hear and watch at the same time, 39 they cant see anything over the radio.AandBor Cso Dbut【答案】D【解析】题干解析:例 3.Some said they had many classes in summer school. And many students even(甚至) thought their vacation was really 38 .AboringCrelaxingBinterestingDexciting【答案】A【解析】题干解析:例 4.“ I know. So part of the day was bad,” said Mr. Green. “ 38 tell me about the best thing today.”Aand 【答案】C 【解析】 题干解析:Bor Cbut Dif完形填空解题技巧之文化背景常识法第 10 页知识讲解文化背景常识法1. 技巧点睛“文化背景常识法”是指完形填空的文章内容往往与我们的文化生活、史地知识、生活科技等相关，有些内容是我们已经掌握的生活常识，答题时要充分调动相 关知识帮助我们分析、推断。事实上，该技巧与“推理判断”常常交织在一起的，因为虽有背景常识，仍需简单推理。需注意中外文化的差异性，不能总是用中国人看问题的角度来看待其它 国家发生的事情。2. 真题探究技巧Step 1: 了解特定文化背 景Step 2: 辅之以推理判断例题精讲典例分析One summer there was no 47 and the crops (庄稼) were dying.47. A. rain B. windC. cloud D. river【答案】A【解析】根据生活常识我们应该知道庄稼死了，在这四 个选项中只有没有雨可能成为其原因，故选 A。 Food is important. Everyone needs to 31 well if he or she wants to have a strong body.31. A. sleep B. readC. drink D. eat【答案】D【解析】根据上文“Food is important.”再结合常识可知 吃得好对健康非常重要，故选 D。第 11 页完形填空解题技巧之文化背景常识法例 1.Lunch is from 12:00 to 1:00, and after that we have Chinese. It is my favorite subject. Our Chinese teacher, Mrs. Wang, is great fun. My classes 34 at 1:50, but after that I have an art lesson.AgetCstartBopenDfinish【答案】D【解析】题干解析:例 2.We must make good use of every 62 and be the master of time.AminuteCmonthBweekDyear【答案】A【解析】题干解析:例 3.But his life is not a bed of roses. It is 29 for him to travel. He cannot drive; he travels by bus.AeasyCbad【答案】D【解析】题干解析:完形填空解题技巧之固定搭配法BgoodDdifficult知识讲解固定搭配法第 12 页1. 技巧点睛完形填空以语境考查为主，但也有小部分题目考查语法知识、固定搭配和固定 句型，解题过程中我们需要结合所学固定搭配选出正确答案。2. 真题探究技巧(1) 根据固定搭配直接选 择(2) 固定搭配 +推理判断典例分析.David got home and thought 39 what he could giveto Cathy.39. A. up B. out C. about D. for【答案】C【解析】根据后文的问题“what he could give to Cathy.”可知他在思考，固定词组 “think about”, 故选 C。One is a boyThe other is a girlThey are 51 school They study hard.51. A. on B. for C. at D. with【答案】C【解析】根据上文“They study hard”可知孩子们在学 校，再结合固定搭配“at school”为“在学校”的含 义，故选 C。例题精讲完形填空解题技巧之固定搭配法例 1.Zhu Hui is talking 29 the phone to his cousin in Shenzhen.Ain 【答案】D 【解析】 题干解析:Bat Cby Don第 13 页例 2.By watching TV they can see and learn a lot and know many things 37 their country and the world.AinBwith Cfor Dabout【答案】D【解析】题干解析:例 3.They go to bed very late. They cant have 44 good rest.A/CanB theDa【答案】D【解析】题干解析:例 4.One of her hobbies is playing 28 piano.Aa 【答案】C 【解析】 题干解析:Ban Cthe D/当堂练习完形填空练习 1.On Christmas Eve a few days ago, an English couple, the Hardens, got a very special call. It was only a 20-second call but it was very _11_. The Hardens 15 -year- old daughter has gone _12_ six months before. On Christmas Eve she rang them. “Im phoning to wish you a happy Christmas, ” she said, “I love you.”Ronals and Edwine Harden were so _13_ that they started a special telephone service （服务）called“Alive and Well”. The service helps _14_ to get in touch with children who have run away from home.Young people can phone “Alive and Well” and leave a message for their parents. The telephone are answered by answering machines. So _15_ can speak to the child or make him return home. Parents of runaway children who are _16_ eighteen can ask the police to bring their children home. So children do not want to tell their parents where they are. Through “Alive and Well” they can telephone their parents and they do not _17_ about this or giving out their addresses.第 14 页The Hardens and their helpers _18_ the telephone messages and connect（联 系）the addresses given. About 30,000 British teenagers have left home and many of them are probably in _19_. For only two pence（便士）, they can go into a telephone coin box and call their parents. They can dial 5675339 and _20_ a parent worry: Is he dead or alive?AinterestingAawayAangryAteachersAsomeoneAatA thinkAask forAParisAstopB importantBoutBhappyBpeopleBanyoneBaboveBworryBlisten toBTokyoBmakeCdifficultCbackC sadCparentsCeveryoneCoverC talkClook upCLondonCfeelD excitingDalongDkindDfriendsDno oneDunderDhearDwrite downDNew YorkDleave【答案】BABCBDBCCA【解析】题干解析:练习 2.We spent a day in the country and picked a lot of flowers. Our car was full of 1 _ inside. On the way home my wife saw a bookshelf outside a furniture (家具) shop. Buy it, she said at once. Well 2_ it home on the roof-rack (车顶架). Ive always wanted one like that.Ten minutes 3_ we were back with the bookshelf. 1 drove slowly. Other drivers seemed more polite than usual that evening. The 4 _ even stopped traffic to let us through. After a rime my wife said, Theres a long line of cars 5 _ . Why dont they overtake (超车)? Just at that time a police car did overtake, and two officers inside asked us to 6 _ their car through the busy traffic. The police car stopped at our village church（教堂）.One of the officers came to me and said, Do you need any more 7_ now? I didnt quite understand. So I said, Youve beenvery 8 _. We live just down the road. He was looking at our things, first at the flowers, then at the bookshelf. Well, well, he said and 9_ , Its a bookshelf youve got here! We thought it was er, something else. My wife began to laugh. Suddenly I understood 10_ the police drove here.AbooksAtakeAbeforeBflowersBcarryBafterCfruitsC sendClaterDvegetablesDholdDhold第 15 页AdriversAbehindAtakeAtimeAkindAlaughedAhowBpoliceBbeforeBfollowBmoneyBcleverBcriedBwhatC cleanersCbesideCmoveChelpCpoliteCshoutedCwhoDsellersDbackDdriveDwaterDpopularDjumpedDwhy【答案】BBCBABCAAD【解析】题干解析:练习 3.Mr. White works in an office. He liked reading in bed when he was at school. It was bad for his 1_ and now he has near sight ( 近视 ). But he wouldnt want 2 _to know about it and he never wears a pair of glasses. It often 3 _ him some trouble.One winter morning he was sent to a village school on business (出差 ). He 4_ a bus at a stop in a small town. Then he had to walk there. The road to the village wasnt smooth (平坦). He fell over some times and it 5_ his clothes dirty. 6 _he got to the village. Suddenly it began to blow and it got colder. He was looking for the school while his 7 _ was blown off. He began to run after it but he couldnt get it. He couldnt understand why his hat ran into a house as if ( 似乎 ) it had 8_ . And he ran into the house, 9 . A woman stopped him and shouted angrily, “ 10_ are you running after my hen (母鸡 ) for?”AearsAanybody elseAfollowsAtook offAletAAt firstAclothesAlegsAalwaysAWhatBnoseBnobodyB takesBgot offBmadeBAt homeBbagBhandsBalsoBWhyCmouthCwomanCbringsC got onCgaveC At timesChatCshoesCeitherCWhichDeyesDsomebodyDcarriesDcame onDfeltDAt lastDglassesDarmsDtooDWho【答案】DACBBDCADA 【解析】题干解析:第 16 页练习 4.Martin Henfield talks about some of his experiences (经历) as a twin: When we were small, my mother dressed us _1_ the same clothes. That was bad enough and we didnt like it. But when we went on our first camping ( 野营) trip with the scouts (童子 军), it was even _2_. We were only ten years old, and while _3_ went into their sleeping bags for the night, we were not happy to snuggle (紧偎) inside a double sleeping bag my mother made for us.At school our classmates _4_ us Henfield One and Henfield Two, so people couldnt even see our difference according to ( 根据) our initials (姓名的开头字母) because _5_ of us were M. O. It was only when I went to college and began to have my own friends that I started to feel my own freedom of identity (身份).Before I went to college (大学), during my last secondary school _6_, I got a job on a building site (地点). My twin brother, Mike Henfield, didnt work. He was resting. One day I said to the foreman (工头), “Can I have a week off?” “Certainly,” he said, “but you wont have the job when you _7_ back.” I didnt want to _8_ the job. So on Monday morning, Mike went down in my jeans (牛仔裤), jacket and hat and he worked for me for one week. _9_ of them knew the difference.Now I am growing old and I feel very different _10_ my twin brother. And hell tell you the same. We have really worked towards that for forty years.AinAbadBforBworseConCgoodDwithDbestAall boysBanother boyCall the other boys Dall the boysAcalledAeveryAholidaysAgetAlooseAAllAinB askedBeachBholidayBwill getBlostBNoneBfromCtoCbothCweekC gotCmissingCEachCwithDknewDallDweekendD are gettingDloseDBothDas【答案】ABCACBADBB【解析】题干解析:练习 5.A crow is very happy in life, but one day he meets a swan He thinks the swan is so white but he is so _28_.“You must be the happiest bird in the world,” he says to the swan.“Yes,” the swan says, “I feel that I am the happiest bird until I see a parrot. It has two _ 29_ . I think the parrot is the happiest in the world.”第 17 页The crow then goes to the parrot. The parrot says to him,” I _30_ a very happy life until I see a peacock. I have only two colors, but the peacock has many _31_ colors.”So the crow visits a peacock in the zoo and sees a lot of people come to see him. After the people _32_, the crow meets the peacock.“Dear peacock, you are so _33_. Every day so many people come to see you.” The crow says, “When people see me, they ask me to go away. I think you are the happiest bird on the earth.”The peacock says, “I always think that I am the most beautiful and happiest bird in the world. But because I am beautiful, I have to stay in the _34_. I look around the zoo very carefully, and I _35_ the crow is the only bird not in a cage.” So I am crow, I can happily go everywhere.AwhiteAfriendsAknowAdifferentAcomeAtiredAzooAshowBblackBkindsBliveBsameBlookBbadBparkBsayC cuteClegsCstartCrightCspeakCbeautifulCworldCfindDhappyD colorsDgiveD goodDleaveD kindDforestDhear【答案】BDBADCAC 【解析】题干解析:第 18 页
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