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（一）Oil cooled electric roll Jane, is the ideal drive belt conveyor, a smooth transmission, strong overload capacity, long service life, convenient maintenance, can be widely used in metallurgy, mining, power and other industries and departments of all kinds of belt conveyor as drive device, especially applicable to the environment temperature is higher, the place of use conditions. The disadvantage is that the fault rate is high. If it is used in the main conveyor of the production line, another standby electric drum should be equipped. In order to improve the performance and structure of the electric rolling mill and make it adapt to the practical needs of the unventilated production environment, the structural performance of the electric rolling mill is analyzed and investigated.1.Performance analysis and improvement of electric drum1.1Optimize the dynamic performance of electric drumThe oil-cooled external electric drum is still equipped with the old type J02 motor, and its starting torque is small, only 1.3-1.8 rated torque. Selecting an electric drum with a higher power level than it not only wastes equipment potential, but also seriously wastes energy.Through the analysis of the starting performance of motor and roller, motor parameter optimization, the Y series motor, on the basis of replacing J02 series motor is about to be eliminated, the design adopts the motor for class B insulation, protection grade for IP44 Y series motor, voltage is 380 v, 50 hz. The average temperature rise of its full load is over 65C lower than the maximum allowable working temperature of the insulation. The power of electric roller is less than 30 kw, which is generally designed as motor suspension. The power is more than 30 kilowatts, which can be fixed by the motor.1.2Solve the problem of oil seepage in electric drumThe main reason for the internal seepage of electric roller is that the shaft end and sealing ring of the reducer are worn, which reduces its sealing performance.（1）The sealing lip of the sealing ring should be intact, smooth and round, without small bulge or dent, and should not be wrinkled. The rubber of sealing ring should be made sure to use oil - resistant rubber. Our test shows that the sealing ring material has a great influence on the sealing effect, so the quality must be strictly checked when replacing the assembly.（2）In the sealing lip rubber of the sealing ring, the wear on the shaft end of the reducer is serious because of the quartz fine sand added. According to the test, when the electric drum runs for 240h, the diameter of the shaft end of the reducer is reduced by 0.26mm. Therefore, high frequency surface quenching is carried out on the contact part of shaft end and sealing lip of reducer, so that its hardness can be improved and its abrasion resistance can be improved by grinding.（3）According to the structural analysis, the space within the roll reduction is not connected with the atmosphere due to the sealing element. When the electric roll reduction is running, the gas in the space volume increases due to the temperature increase and the pressure increases. Cylinder is when the room temperature, average temperature is 70 , Jane inside gage pressure of 0.2 kg/cm2, the pressure is below the seal allows the maximum working pressure of 0.5 kg/cm2, but what it always increased pressure on the sealing lip on the shaft neck, accelerated wear and tear of the two. Moreover, when the temperature rises to 70%, the viscosity of the lubricating oil decreases, promoting the sealing performance failure. In order to reduce the pressure difference on both sides of the seal ring, the method of pressure equalization can be adopted. Seal the left flange shaft hole with hole sealing ring and gear ring, so that the shaft end of the reducer is not connected with the atmosphere, and the left flange shaft hole can be sealed with epoxy resin. Flange axle hole is not sealed, it should be pointed out that if left the speed reducer and space will be with the atmosphere inside the drum are interlinked, although seal pressure on both sides are equal, but because of the low gas pressure, density is small, lead to bad heat transfer performance, higher temperature rise inevitably in the operation of reducer, it has been proved by our experiment.（4）In order to prevent the user from pouring too much oil into the rolling box, an oil orifice should be added on the end cover of the electric drum, indicating that the rated oil surface height is about 1/3 of the simplified diameter. Alternatively, two oil injection holes can be arranged on the end cover near the round of the cylinder, at certain angles apart, so that when one hole is at the bottom, the other hole is at the height of the oil surface. At the same time, the oil drain hole is moved to the position close to the roll wall, so as to replace the oil as thoroughly as possible.1.3Improve the transmission performance of the systemThe high speed gear of oil-cooled electric roll reduction and the small gear on the motor shaft are installed by cantilever. When the force is applied, the meshing performance will be deteriorated due to the deformation of the shaft, resulting in reduced contact surface and increased noise. It is suggested that the transmission shaft should be changed into a non-cantilever structure supported at both ends, the left and right end covers of the motor should be removed, and the disks on the left and right flange shafts should be replaced respectively. Although it brings some difficulties in assembly, it can reduce the number of parts, especially improve assembly precision and rigidity of transmission system, so as to ensure good meshing performance of gears.The connection between the left and right flange shafts and the support base of oil-cooled electric roll reducer adopts the dynamic cooperation of the circular hole with the key, and the length of the support and the shaft is large. In the head frame of the belt conveyor, the two surfaces of the electric drum support installed on the top are unmachined, and the height deviation and Angle deviation between them are large. When electric rolling bearing on the clip after solid Jane as deflection, it will give a larger additional bending moment in the left flange shaft, motor casing, right of flange axle shaft, make through shaft deformation increases, thus make gears along the length direction of the contact is not uniformity. It is suggested that the left and right flange shaft heads should be changed into flat square shaft heads. The additional bending moment caused by the error of head frame and foundation can be eliminated if there is a large gap between flat square shaft head and supporting square hole in the vertical direction.Oil cooled electric drum at work, its lubricating oil continuously circulation, drum in the dirt and gear wear and tear of metal powder with lubricating oil cycle through the gear mesh surface, thus destroy the lubricating oil film, quicken the wear and tear of transmission parts. For this reason, it is recommended to plug the oil hole at the lower part of the right flange shaft and open the oil outlet at the higher part so that the height should be consistent with the oil surface line of the oil hole. In this way, a sedimentation tank is formed, and most of the oil carried by the gear can fall into the tank. If a filter cover is added at the oil outlet and permanent magnets are placed outside the sedimentation tank at an appropriate position to absorb iron particles from the oil that are not flowing into the tank, the effect is even better.1.4Improve bearing lubrication conditionsGenerally, the bearing of the electric drum reducer is in the sealing ring and lubricated with grease. The instructions require the user to add the grease once within six months and wash it during medium repair, resulting in frequent disassembly and installation. If the position of the bearing and seal ring is adjusted, the maintenance period of the electric drum can be greatly extended by using splash lubricating oil to lubricate the bearing. As for the bearing at the left end of the motor, it is still lubricated with grease due to its small radial force and the condition of using a larger oil chamber to store more grease.2.ConclusionTo sum up, through the internal structure of the oil cooled electric drum analysis, improvement measures are put forward based on critical failure parts, to optimize the dynamic performance of the electric drum, improve the transmission performance and lubrication condition, can solve the problem of oil in the bad electric drum, save the cost, make its structure more reasonable, more smooth and efficient operation, failure rate is decreased obviousl8 （一）油冷式电动滚简，是带式输送机理想的驱动装置,具有传动平稳、过载能力强、使用寿命长,维护方便等优点，可广泛应用于冶金、矿山、电力等行业和部门的各种带式输送机上作为驱动装置,尤其适用于环境温度比较高,使用条件恶劣的场所。其缺点是故障率高,若用于生产线的主要输送机上,则要配备另一台备用的电动滚筒,这就是目前国内用户不敢积极选用它的一个原因。为改进电动滚简的性能和结构，使其适应不通风生产环境的实际需要,对电动滚简的结构性能进行分析调研。该电动滚简在使用中不同程度地存在着如下问题:电机起动力矩小，润滑油易渗漏到电机内部,传动齿轮寿命短,噪音大,电机轴承寿命短,润滑不到位等。针对上述问题,作者提出一些改进的意见,并对技术结构方案进行了初步试验,获得较好效果。1电动滚筒的性能分析和改进1.1优化电动滚筒动力性能油冷式外装电动滚筒依旧配用老式J02型电机,其起动力矩较小,仅为额定转矩的1.3-1.8。选用较其功率大一级的电动滚筒，不仅浪费设备潜力,而且严重地浪费能源。通过对电动机及滚筒的起动性能分析，电动机参数的优选比对,采用Y系列电机的基础上,取代即将被淘汰的J02系列电机,该设计采用电机均为B级绝缘，防护等级为IP44的Y系列电机，电压为380V,频率为50HZ。其满载的平均温升比绝缘的最高允许工作温度低65C以上。电动滚简功率在30千瓦以下，一般设计成电机悬置式；功率在30千瓦以上，一般可采用电机为地脚固定的方式。1.2解决电动滚筒内渗油的问题电动滚简内渗油的主要原因是减速机轴端和密封圈被磨损,使其密封性性能降低，其次是有些用户使用不当，向滚简内加过多的润滑油。密封圈的密封唇部应完整无损,光滑圆整、没有微小的凸起或凹陷，也不应存有折皱。密封圈的橡胶应保证选用耐油橡胶。经我们试验表明:密封圈材质对密封效果影响很大,因此在更换装配时必须严格检查质量。在密封圈的密封唇部橡胶中，由于加有石英细砂，因而减速机轴端的磨损比较严重。经试验得知:当电滚筒运转240h后,该减速机轴端的直径磨小0.26mm。因此，将减速机轴端与密封唇接触的部分进行了高频表面淬火处理,使其硬度提高并经磨削加工,提高其耐磨性。（3）从结构分析,滚简以内的空间因有密封元件而与大气不相通,当电动滚简运转时,这个空间容积里的气体由于温度升高而压力增大。当室温条件下,筒内平均温度为70,简内表压为0.2kg/cm2,这个压力虽低于密封圈允许的最大工作压力0.5kg/cm2,但它多少总是增加了密封唇对轴颈的压力，加速了两者的磨损。况且当温度升至70%时,润滑油的粘度降低,促进密封性能失效。为减少密封圈两侧的压力差，可采用均压的办法。用带孔的密封圈和档圈将左法兰轴孔密封,使减速器轴端与大气不相通,亦可浇注环氧树脂把左法兰轴孔密封。应当指出,如果左法兰轴孔不密封，则减速机与滚筒内部的空间必与大气相通,虽密封圈两侧压力相等,但由于气体压力低,密度小而导致传热性能不好,减速机运转时的温升必然增高,这一点己经被我们的试验所证实。（4）为防止用户往滚箱内注油过多,应在电滚筒端盖上增设视油孔，并标明额定油面高度约为简径的1/3。亦可在端盖上靠近筒璧处设两个注油孔,相隔一定角度,使之当一孔处于最下方时，另一孔恰好在油面的高度。同时，将放油孔移至紧靠滚简壁的位置，以求换油尽量彻底。1.3提高系统的传动性能油冷式电滚简高速级大齿轮和电机轴上的小齿轮采用悬臂安装,当受力后,由于轴的变形使啮合性能变坏，引起接触面减少、噪音增大。建议传动轴改为两端支承的非悬臂结构，取消电机左、右端盖,分别用左、右法兰轴上的圆盘代替。虽然在装配上带来一些困难,但却减少零件数量，特别是可提高装配精度及传动系统的刚度,从而保证齿轮具有良好的啮合性能。油冷式电滚简左、右法兰轴与支座的连接,采用圆孔带键的动配合,并且支座与轴的配合长度较大。在胶带输送机头架.上安装电滚筒支座的两个平面是未经切削加工的,两者间的高度偏差和角度偏差都较大。当电滚简支座在其上夹固后则随之偏转，这将会给一个较大的附加弯矩于由左法兰轴、电机壳、右法兰轴组成的通轴，使通轴的变形增大，从而使齿轮沿齿长方向的接触的不均匀度加大。建议将左、右法兰轴头改为扁方轴头，支座用剖分式的方孔并适当减少宽度。扁方轴头与支座方孔在垂直方向上有较大间隙则可消除头架与地基误差所引起的附加弯矩。油冷式电滚筒在工作时，其润滑油不停地循环,滚筒内的污物与齿轮磨损后产生的金属粉末随着润滑油一起循环而流过齿轮啮合面,从而破坏润滑油膜，使传动零件的磨损加快。为此,建议将右法兰轴下部的通油孔堵死，在其上较高处另开流油口，使其高度与视油孔油面线应一致。这样,则形成一个沉淀池，齿轮所带的油大部分可以落人池内。如果在流油口处加一个过滤罩,在沉淀池外适当位置放永久磁铁把未流进油池的那部分油中铁屑吸住,则效果更佳。1.4改善轴承的润滑条件一般电滚筒减速机轴承均在密封圈里面,用润滑脂润滑。使用说明书要求用户在六个月内补充一次油脂,中修时清洗,结果致使拆装频繁。如把轴承与密封圈的位置对调,利用飞溅润滑油来润滑轴承，则可大大延长电滚筒的检修周期。至于电机左端的轴承,因为它所受的径向力较小，也有条件采用比较大的油室储存更多的润滑脂,故仍用润滑脂润滑。2结论综上所述,通过对油冷式电动滚筒的内部结构进行分析，并针对关键故障部位提出改进措施,优化了电动滚筒的动力性能,改善了传动性能及润滑条件,解决了电动滚筒内惨油问题,节约了使用成本，使其结构更加合理,设备运行更加顺畅有效,故障率明显降低。
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