2023年同等学历真题

2023年同等学力人员申请硕士学位外国语水平全国统一考试Paper OnePart I Dialogue Communication (10minutes, 10points,1 for each)Section A Dialogue Completion1. A: David said he bought a new BMW for 5.000！ B: _ Sounds pretty cheap to me! A: Well, thats what he said. A: Are you sure?B. Come to think of it. C: Do you think so? D. Is he crazy?2. A: We just came back from Phoenix. And we had the best vacation in years. B: _ Im glad to hear it. A. Oh, my goodness!B. How was it? C. OH, there you go again. D. Good for you.3. A: I just cant stand this class any more! B: _ Its required, and you have to sit in it in order to graduate.A. Well, why not just drop out of it?B. Why, you can say that again!C. Well, you might as well get used to it.D. Why, I couldnt agree more!4. A: I dont know about you, but I thought that film was terrific. B: _ The action was great, and so was the music. A. Just the same.B. Im with you there. C. More or less. D. I sure do.5. A: Dan gave me a free ride home, but I paid for the gas. B: You know what they say, _ A. theres no free lunch.B. dont bite off more that you can chew. C. one good turn deserves another. D. its who you know that counts.Section B Dialogue Comprehension6. Woman: Id rather not talk about it. Just dont ask. Man: Come on. I think you need to let off some steam. Question: What does the man advise the woman to do?A. To talk to him about the problem.B. To keep the secret.C. To reduce the workload.D. To have a good rest.7. Woman: Julies dress looks funny. That style went out last year. Man: Oh, come on, as long as it looks good on her. Question: What does the man try to emphasize?A. Julies dress is not outdated.B. Julies dress does not suit her.C. Julie should follow the fashion.D. Julie looks fine in that dress.8. Man: What kind of snacks do you prefer? Woman: Oh, Ive got a sweet tooth, you know. Question: What does the woman probably like? A: Sandwich.B. Hot dogs. C. Ice creamD. Potato chips.9. Woman: Im tired of driving all the way to work and back every day. If only cars could drive themselves! Man: Well, some car manufacturers are working on them. I guess youll soon buy one if you can afford it. Question: What does the man imply?A. The woman will be able to buy an intelligent car.B. Cars that drive themselves may be very expensive.C. He is working with a car producer on intelligent cars.D. Driving to work is really a headache.10. Man: Annie, how does it not even cross your mind that you might want a future with someone?Woman: Its simple. I dont mind being married to my career.Question: Whats Annies attitude towards her future?A. She will stay with someone unmarried.B. She will live a simple life.C. She will quit her job to get married.D. She will fully focus on her job.Part II VocabularySection A11.The news reports completely overlooked the more profound political implications of the vents. A. neglected B. foresaw C. exploredD. assessed12.Teachers and nurses who deal with children are obliged to report cases of suspected child abuse to authorities. A. remindedB. expected C. compelledD. requested13.Your grade will be based in large part on the originality of your ideas. A. creativityB. popularity C. feasibilityD. flexibility14.We suspect there is a quite deliberate attempt to sabotage the elections and undermine the electoral commission. A. consciousB. desperate C. clumsyD. intentional15.So strange were the circumstances of my story that I can scarcely believe myself to have been a party to them. A. justB. hardly C. almostD. definitely16.Smoke particles and other air pollutants are often trapped in the atmosphere, thus forming dirty fog. A. constrainedB. caught C. concealedD. concentrated17.Employees in chemical factories are entitled to receive extra pay for doing hazardous work. A. poisonousB. difficult C. dangerous D. harmful18.Curt Carlson, the wealthiest man in Minnescota, owned a hotel and travel company with sales reaching in the neighborhood of $9 billion. A. preciselyB. merely C. substantially D. approximately19.The tendency of the human body to reject foreign matter is the main obstacle to successful organ transplantation. A. factorB. constituentC. barrierD. break20.Whenever you need Tom, he is always there whether it be an ear or a helping hand, so you can always lean on him. A. count on B. benefit from C. stand for D. stick to Section B 21.It _ without saying that consumers would be happier if prices were lower. A. takes B. appearsC. makesD. goes22.The world economic recession put an _ end to the steel market upturn that began in 2023. A. irregularB. illegalC. abruptD. absurd23.Im _ about how you discovered my website, and am very glad if you enjoy it. A. mysteriousB. furiousC. seriousD. curious24.The Labor Partys electoral strategy, based on an _ with other smaller parties, has proved successful. A. acquaintanceB. integrationC. allianceD. intimacy25.The new aircraft will be _ to a test of temperatures of -65 and 120. A. suspendedB. suppressedC. summonedD. subjected26.The money I got from teaching on the side was a useful _ to my ordinary income. A. profitB. supplementC. subsidyD. replacement27.Chinese people are now enjoying better dental health, as shown by the declining _ of tooth decay. A. treatmentB. incidenceC. consequenceD. misfortune28.Many countries have conservation programs to prevent certain _ of fish from becoming extinct. A. speciesB. sourcesC. numbersD. members29.Susan never took any cookery courses; she learned cooking by _ useful tips from TV cookery programs.A. picking upB. bringing upC. putting upD. pulling up30.The President _ his deputy to act for him while he was abroad. A. promotedB. substitutedC. authorizedD. displaced Part III Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 30 point, 1 for each)Passage OneUntil last spring, Nia Parker and the other kids in her neighborhood commuted to school on Bus 59. But as fuel prices rose, the school district needed to find a way to cut its transportation costs. So the schools busing company redrew its route map, eliminating Nias bus altogether. Now Nia and her neighbors travel the half mile to school via a walking school busa group of kids, supervised by an adult or two, who make the trek together. Like the rest of us, school districts are feeling pinched by rising fuel costsand finding new ways to adapt. The price of diesel fuel has gone up 34 percent in the past two years. For the typical school district, bus bills total 5 percent of the budget. As administrators look to trim, busing is an inviting target, since it doesnt affect classroom instruction (or test scores). More than one third of American school administrators have eliminated bus stops or routes in order to stay within budget. Many parents are delighted to see their kids walking to school, partly because many did so themselves: according to a 1969 survey, nearly half of school kids walked or biked to school, compared with only 16 percent in 2023. Modern parents have been unwilling to let kids walk to school for fear of traffic, crime or simple bullying, but with organized adult supervision, those concerns have diminished. Schools and busing companies are finding other ways to save. In rural areas where busing is a must, some schools have even chosen four-day school weeks. Busing companies instruct drivers to eliminate extra stops from routes and to turn off the engine while idling. They are also using the most fuel-efficient routes, which arent always the shortest ones.There could be downsides, however, to the busing cutbacks. If every formerly bused student begins walking to school, its an environmental winbut if too many of their parents decide to drive them instead, the overall carbon footprint can grow. Replacing buses with many more parent-driven cars can also increase safety risks: A 2023 report concluded students are 13 times safer on a school bus than in a passenger car, since buses have fewer accidents and withstand them better due to their size. And some students complain about the long morning hikes, particularly when the route contains a really big hill. 31. The “walking school bus” _. A. does not consume fuelB. aims to keep children fit C. seldom causes traffic jams D. is popular with school kids32. In America the responsibility for busing kids to school lies with _. A. individual schools B. school districts C. teachers D. parents33. As regards walking to school, modern parents seem much concerned with the _. A. time spent on the wayB. changes in the route C. kids physical strength D. safety of their children34. To save money, some schools choose to _. A. take the shortest routesB. shorten the school week C. give drivers better training D. use fuel-efficient buses35. Busing cutbacks may eventually lead to _. A. fiercer competition among bus companies B. more students taking public transportation C. an increase in carbon dioxide emissions D. decrease in the safety of school buses36. Which of the following best describes the authors attitude towards busing cutbacks? A. Favorable. B. Critical. C. Objective. D. Indifferent.Passage Two People are living longer than ever, but for some reasons, women are living longer than men. A baby boy born in the United States in 2023 can expect to live to be about 73, a baby girl, about 79. This is indeed a wide gap, and no one really knows why it exists. The greater longevity(长寿) of women, however, has been known for centuries. It was, for example, described in the seventeenth century. However, the difference was smaller then- the gap is growing. A number of reasons have been proposed to account for the differences. The gap is greatest in industrialized societies, so it has been suggested that women are less susceptible to work strains that may raise the risk of heart disease and alcoholism. Sociologists also tell us that women are encouraged to be less adventurous than men (and this may be why they are more careful drivers, involved in fewer accidents). Even smoking has been implicated in the age discrepancy. It was once suggested that working women are more likely to smoke and as more women entered the work force, the age gap would begin to close, because smoking is related to earlier deaths. Now, however, we see more women smoking and they still tend to live longer although their lung cancer rate is climbing sharply. One puzzling aspect of the problem is that women do not appear to be as healthy as men. That is, they report far more illnesses. But when a man reports an illness, it is more likely to be serious. Some researches have suggested that men may die earlier because their health is more strongly related to their emotions. For example, men tend to die sooner after losing a spouse than women do. Men even seem to be more weakened by loss of a job. (Both of these are linked with a marked decrease in the effectiveness of the immune system.) Among men, death follows retirement with an alarming promptness. Perhaps we are searching for the answers too close to the surface of the problem. Perhaps the answers lie deeper in our biological heritage. After all, the phenomenon is not isolated to humans. Females have the edge among virtually all mammalian (哺乳动物的) species, in that they generally live longer. Furthermore, in many of these species the differences begin at the moment of conception; there are more male miscarriages (流产)。 In humans, after birth, more baby boys than baby girls die.37. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?A. Mens lifespan remains almost unchanged. B. Researchers have found the cause of the age gap. C. The more advanced a society, the greater the age gap. D. The age gap was noticed only recently.38. As is suggested in Paragraph 2, the two factors relevant to womens longer lifespan are _ . A. diseases and road accidents B. industrialization and work strains C. heir immunity to heart disease and refusal of alcohol D. their endurance of work strains and reluctance for adventure39. According to Paragraph 3, which of the following statements is true? A. The great number of male smokers contributes to the age gap. B. The growing number of smoking women will narrow the age gap. C. Female workers are more likely to smoke than male workers. D. Smoking does not seem to affect womens longevity.40. Which of the following phenomena makes researchers puzzled? A. Mens health is more closely related to their emotions. B. Though more liable to illnesses, women still live longer. C. Men show worse symptoms than women when they fall ill. D. Quite a number of men die soon after their retirement.41. The word “edge” in Paragraph 6 means “ _ “. A. margin B. side C. advantage D. qulity42. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The greater longevity of women remains a mystery. B. That women are healthier than men well explains their longevity. C. People are living longer as a result of industrialization. D. Women are less emotionally affected by difficulties in life.Passage ThreeMany are aware of the tremendous waste of energy in our environment, but fail to take advantage of straightforward opportunities to conserve that energy. For example, everyone know that lights should be switched off when no one is in an office. Similarly, when employees are not using a meeting room, there is no need to regulate temperature.Fortunately, one need not rely on human intervention to conserve energy. With the help of smart sensing and network technology, energy conservation processes such as turning off lights and adjusting temperature can be readily automated. Ultimately, this technology will enable consumers and plant managers to better identify wasteful energy use and institute procedures that lead to smarter and more efficient homes, buildings and industrial plants.Until now, wires and cables for power and connectivity have limited the widespread adoption of sensor networks by making them difficult and expensive to install and maintain. Battery-powered wireless networks can simplify installation, but their high power consumption and the corresponding need for regular battery replacement renders this option costly to maintain. Nobody wants to replace hundreds or thousands of window sensor batteries in a large building on a regular basis.The promise of wireless sensor networks can only be fully realized when the wiring for BOTH the data communication and the power supply is eliminated. Doing so requires a true battery-free wireless solution, one that can utilize energy harvested directly from the environment. To facilitate the widespread deployment of wireless sensor networks, GreenPeak has developed an ultra-low-power communication technologies that can utilize environmental energy sources such as light, motion and vibration. This technology, employing on-board power management circuits and software to monitor energy harvesters and make the use of harvested energy, enables sensors to operate reliably in a battery-free environment.Wireless sensor networks deployed in our offices and homes will have all enormous impact on our daily 5 lives，helping to build a smarter world in which energy is recycled and fully utilized. These wireless platforms, equipped with advanced sensing capability, will enable us to better control our lives, homes and environment, creating a truly connected world that enables people worldwide to live in a more comfortable, safer, and cleaner environment. 43. By “human intervention”(Paragraph 2), the author refers to _ . A. the reduction of great energy waste in the environment B. the grasping of straightforward opportunities available C. acts like turning off lights when no one is in the room D. the adoption of smart sensing and network technology 44. Batteries are not an ideal energy source for sensor networks because they _ . A. have to be replaced from time to time B. contain metals that pollute the environment C. require automatic recharging D. are difficult and costly to maintain45. Battery-free wireless sensor networks are made possible by the fact that _ .A. there is energy in the environment to be utilizedB. the cost of using them has been drastically reducedC. Modern data communication consumes little energyD. Their maintenance has been greatly simplified46. According to the passage, GreenPeak _ . A. is the first company to install wireless sensor networks B. promotes the application of wireless sensor networks C. supplies batteries operating on harvested energy D. benefits handsomely from communication technology47. The focus of Paragraph 4 is on the _ . A. replacement of batteries in harvesters B. monitoring of energy harvested from the environment C. elimination of bateries in sensor networks D. impact of sensor networks on power supply48. Wireless sensor networks promise to _ . A. bring business high profits B. further develop the sensing technology C. turn motion into a major source of energy D. improve the daily lives of people worldwidePassage FourIf you havent heard or seen anything about road rage in the last few months, youve probably been avoiding the media. There have been countless stories about this new and scary phenomenon, considered a type of aggressive driving. You have most likely encountered aggressive driving and/or Road Rage recently if you drive at all.While drunk driving remains a critical problem, the facts about aggressive driving are surely as disturbing. For instance, according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), 41,907 people died on the highways last year. Of those fatalities, the agency estimates about two-thirds were caused at least in part by aggressive driving behavior. Why is this phenomenon occurring more than ever now, and why is it something that seemed almost nonexistent a few years ago? Experts have several theories and all are probably partially correct. One suggestion is sheer overcrowding. In the last decade the number of cars on the roads have increased by over 11%, and the number of miles driven has increased by 35%. However, the number of new road miles has only increased by 1%. That means more cars in the same amount of space; and the problem is magnified in urban areas. Also, people have less time and more things to do. With people working and trying to fit extra chores （琐事）and activities into the day, stress levels have never been higher. Stress creates anxiety, which leads to short tempers. These factors, when combined in certain situations, can lead to road rage. You may think you are the last person who would drive aggressively, but you might be surprised. For instance, have you ever yelled out loud at a slower driver, sounded the horn long and hard at another car, or sped up to keep another driver from passing? If