《英语成份分析与划》PPT课件.ppt

英语成份分析与划分 -如何在了解句中词汇意义的情况下准 确掌握句意。 英语句子的构成： 评述性状语，定语 +主语 +同谓语 +定语 + 频度状语 +谓语 +定语 +宾语 +定语 +程度 状语 +方式状语 +目的状语 +原因状语 + （小、大）地点状语 +（小、大）时间状语。 与汉语成分不同的英语成分有：程度状语 + 方式状语 +地点状语（小 +大） +时间状语 （小 +大） 如何分析句子成分： 首先把句子中的 连词 标出 连词前后一般是完整的句子 其次，找出句子的 主干 ，一般是 主 +谓 +宾 或 主 +系 +补 或特殊句子结构如： it is adj for sb to v 再次，把所有名词后的 介词词组 ， 连词 +句子， 以及 其它后置 定语 找出来，一般是定语 然后找出句子中的 插入语 ，插入语前后往往有逗号或破折号 e.g. ，插入语， -插入语 - 最后找出句子中其它成分，如 同谓语 （名词或名词词组）， （名词后 ，同谓语，） 方式状语 （ by ving ）、 时间状语、 地点状语、程度状语 等 后置定语 : 1. n.+prep.+n. 2. n.+to v . 3. n.+ving . 4. n.+ved . 5. n.+which/that/who/ . 6. n.+sentence 7. n.+adj . The view over a valley of a tiny village with thatched（草盖的） roof cottages around a church; a drive through a narrow village street lines with thatched cottages painted pink or white. 句子主干： The view cottages around a church; a drive .lines with thatched cottages; the sight . 定语： over a valley of a tiny village with thatched roof through a narrow village street painted pink or white in parts of England. 山谷中一个小巧玲珑的村庄，村庄中一座茅 草屋顶的小房子围绕着教堂；一条穿过两旁 漆成粉色或白色的茅草屋顶村舍的狭窄小道， 起伏的山丘上的一排排美丽的茅草屋顶农场 建筑 -这些仍是英格兰一些地区的常见的景 观。 Most people will agree that the thatched roof is an essential part of the attraction of the English countryside. 句子主干： Most people will agree that . 从句主干： the thatched roof is an essential part 从句定语： of the attraction of the English countryside 大多数人会同意茅草屋顶的英国乡村所具魅 力的最重要的一部分。 Thatching is in fact the oldest of all the building crafts practiced in the British Isles. 句子主干： Thatching is the oldest 定语 : of all the building crafts practiced in the British Isles 实际上盖茅草屋顶是英伦诸岛建筑工艺中 最古老的一种。 Although thatch has always been used for cottage and farm buildings, it was once used for castles and churches, too. 句子主干：略 虽然茅草一直用于盖村舍和农场建筑物，也 曾一度用于建筑城堡和教堂。 Thatching is a solitary craft, which often runs in families. 句子主干： Thatching is a solitary craft, 定语： , which often runs in families 盖茅草屋顶是一项独特的工艺，常常是家 庭世代相传的。 The craft of thatching as it is practiced toady has changed very little since the Middle Ages. 句子主干： The craft has changed since the Middle Ages. 定语： of thatching 状语： as it is practiced toady very little 像现在我们所使用的茅草屋顶工艺从中世纪 以来几乎就没有什么变化。 Over 800 full-time thatchers are employed in England and Wales today, maintaining and renewing the old roofs as well as thatching newer houses. 句子主干： Over 800 full-time thatchers are employed , 状语： in England and Wales today , maintaining and renewing the old roofs as well as thatching newer houses. 现在英格兰、威尔士有 800多名专职盖茅草 屋顶的工人，他们不但维修和更换老屋顶， 还盖新屋顶。 Many property owners choose thatch not only for its beauty but because they know it will keep them cool in summer and warm in winter. 句子主干： Many property owners choose thatch 状语： not only for its beauty but because they know it will keep them cool in summer and warm in winter. 从句主干： they know it will keep them cool and warm 状语： in summer in winter 许多房主选择茅草屋顶不仅是为了美观，而 且还因为他们知道茅草能使他们冬暖夏凉。 In fact, if we look at developing countries, over half the world lives under thatch, but they all do it in different ways. 句子主干：略 事实上如果我们看看发展国家，世界半 数以上的人口居住在茅草屋顶下，但他们的 做法则不同。 People in developing countries are often reluctant to go back to traditional materials and would prefer modern buildings. 句子主干： People are often reluctant to go back to traditional materials and would prefer modern buildings. 定语： in developing countries 发展中国家的人经常不愿意用传统材料，而 更喜欢现代建筑。 However, they may lack the money to allow them to import the necessary materials. 句子主干： they may lack the money 状语： However, to allow them to import the necessary materials 然而，他们可能没有钱进口必需的材料。 Their temporary mud huts with thatched roofs of wild grasses often only last six months. 句子主干： Their temporary mud huts last six months. 定语： with thatched roofs of wild grasses 状语： often only 临时搭建的野草屋顶的土屋常常只能维持半 年。 Thatch which has been done the British way lasts from twenty to sixty years, and is an effective defiance against the heat. 句子主干： Thatch lasts from twenty to sixty years, and is an effective defiance against the heat. 定语： which has been done the British way 从句状语： the British way 用英国工艺制做的茅草屋顶能维修 20年到 60年之久，而且能有效地防暑。