《跨文化交际》课堂

跨文化交际Part I. True or FalseDirections: There are 10 statements in this section. Write T for TRUE, F for FALSE1. Values refer to rules for appropriate behaviors, which provide the expectations people have of one anther and of others.2. The similarity of the original culture to the new host culture is one of the most important factors in successful acculturation.3. The symbols human beings use are objective.4. Four values fundamental to western ethics are autonomy, responsibility, care, justice.5. Different from the belieubjugation to nature western people believe they are the masters of the nature.6. The United States can clearly be seen as collectivism.7. Although stereotypes are considered as being negative judgments, they can also be positive.8. In the Russian states, thSbear hug may follow a strong, firm handshake between good male friends.9. All words can find the counterparts in another language.10. People in the United States like the bddnatural smell so they seldom wear fragrance.1-5： FTFTT6-10： .FTTFFPart II. Multiple ChoiceDirections: There are 30 questions in this section. For each question there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the RIGHT ONE that can best complete the question.1. According to Marxist philosophy, globalization is what people in the third world have already experienced for severalcenturies. It is called .A. modernizationB. colonizationC. industrializationD. internalization2. takes place when individuals become an integral part of the new culture while maintaining their cultural integrity.A. Culture shockB. IntegrationC. Cultural identity D. Acculturation3. refers to anything that distorts the message the source encodes.A. NoiseB. MessageC. SourceD. Context4. is typically used to refer to the study of a particular idea or concept within many cultures. The goal of suchinvestigations is to conduct a series of intercultural analyses in order to compare on culture to another on the attributes of interest. A. Interethnic communication B. Interracial communication C. Cross-cultural communication D. Intercultural communication5. refers to belief in and reverence for a supernatural power or powers regarded as creator and governor of the universe.A. BeliefB. ReligionC. IdealD. Value6. refers to attaching meaning to sense data and is synonymous with decoding.A. PerceptionB. InterpretationC. Sensation D. Selection7. is any policy, practice, belief or attitude that attributes characteristics or status to individuals based on their race.A. SexismB. CollectivismC. RacismD. Individualism8. style uses moderate amount of talk with low uncertainty avoidance, and is common in low-context culture.A. ElaborateB. ExactingC. SuccinctD. Contextual9. Direct plan is favored by cultures with deductive patterns.A. results-orientedB. relationship-orientedC. mission-orientedD. process-oriented10. is the study of how people perceive and use time.A. Chronemics B. Proxemics C. Kinesics D. Oculesics11. is the traditional way of greeting in Northeast Asian countries like Korea and Japan.A. Bowing B. Firm handshake C. Embracing D. Handshake with slight pressure12. stresses that it is important that others behavior is no longer evaluated as good or bad , as viewed through thefiltering cultural lenses, but that people have different approaches to different people.A. EthnocentrismB. EthnologyC. Ethnorelativity D. Ethnopsychology13. refers to the specific behaviors through which individuals capacity to express cognitive and affective experiencesoutwardly is shown.A. The cognitive competence B. The motive competence C. The behavioral competence D. The affective competence14. style focuses on the speaker and role relationships. People with such communication style stress high power distance.This style is popular in collectivist and high-context culture.A. ContextualB. PersonalC. SuccinctD. Elaborate15. Which of the following statements about macro-culture is true? A. It emphasizes the commonality of human needs. B. It implies losing ethnic differences and forming one large society.C. It can be defined as cultures within cultures. D. It is a new culture.1-5 BBACB 6-10 BCBAA 11-15 ACCABPart III. Case Analysis1. Study the following case and try to explain the differences between two cultures.Jim and Li Zhen were students together at Leeds University in Britain. A year later, after graduating, Jim went to Shanghai as a visiting scholar on a years exchange.Jim had never been to China before. Li Zhen took him to a classical piano concert performed by a famous Chinese pianist. During the performance people were talking and at one stage someone ran up onto the stage and presented the pianist with a bunch of flowers during the playing of a particular musical item. This happened several times during the evening. It also happened when two singers were on stage singing some songs that he was playing. Jim thought all these things quite strange. At the end of the performance the audience applauded the pianist and he applauded them. The audience began to leave while the pianist remained on the stage.In this situation, having known Li Zhen for a year it would have been expected that Jim would have learned some cultural differences between China and Britain. However it seems that the cultural communication between the two did not extend this far. The scenario enacted in the classical concert in Shanghai is a common phenomenon in China. In Britain there would have been several differences. First, the audience would remain silent when the pianist was playing, they would not talk because it is considered grossly impolite. Flowers are never given during the performance of the artists, only at the completion of the performance and then given only to the main performer. Upon completion of the performance the pianist ( artist ) would not clap his/her audience but be clapped by the audience and a proper response to the clapping would be a bow ( male ) or a curtsey ( female ). The performers would then leave the stage and the audience would exit after the performers had left. Not the other way around as in Shanghai. Concert performances are relatively serious affairs in Britain, and definitely not informal social occasions.2.Study the following three cases and explain why the people in each case smiled or laughed.A. In a Chinese classroom a girl was asked to answer a question. She stood up and smiled, without making any sound.B. When an American is parking his bicycle and the bicycle accidentally falls over, he feels embarrassed at his awkwardness, and is quite angered and humiliated when Chinese onlookers laugh.C. In the dining room, when an American drops a plate quite by accident and feels bad, and Chinese onlookers laugh, compounding his discomfort and causing anger and bad feeling.Smiles and laughter usually convey friendliness, approval, satisfaction, pleasure, joy, and merriment. But very often Westerners are confused at the smile or laugh of the Asians, which does not necessarily mean happiness or friendship.In case A, the girl smiled to cover her embarrassment resulting from not being able to answer the question. In cases B and C, the language is, of course, not at the person or his misfortune- whether he be a foreigner or a Chinese. It can convey a number of feelings: dont take it so seriously; laugh it off, its nothing; such things can happen to any of us, etc. But a smile usually means happine ss to an American.Part IV. Whats the difference on tendency for foreigners to treat strangers between Individualism and Collectivism Theories? Directions: Answer each of the following questions briefly in about 50 English words. Then write the essay on the Answer Sheet.1. Whats the difference on tendency for foreigners to treat strangers between Individualism and Collectivism Theories?There is a tendency for foreigners to treat strangers as equals, seen in the politeness with which foreigners treat out-group members and their willingness to follow public rules and laws that guarantee the rights of all. 2 ) There is a desire for independence and separateness, found in foreigners needs for their own privacy and autonomy and in the freedom they give to children. 3) There is a lack of inhibition on the part of foreigners in terms of expressive behaviors, seen in their lack of concern about drawing attention to themselves and their willingness to disclose feelings and emotions. 4) There is a lack of understanding if the reciprocal bonds and duties that regulate in-group members, found in foreigners casual attitudes towards hospitality. 5) There is a lack of concern at public displays of physical or sexual intimacy.2. What are the differences on receiving gifts between Chinese and westerners?3. How do people from different cultures understand “silence?