初四下U4U6课文分析写作积累姜婷

初四下册初四下册Unit4Unit6教材分析教材分析写作积累写作积累113中学中学 姜姜 婷婷WhoWhatWhenWhereWhy HowSix factors of narration(记叙文六要素）记叙文六要素）Character 人人 物物Event 事事 件件Time 时时 间间 Place 地地 点点Cause 起起 因因Course 经经 过过Result 结结 果果 4-6单元阅读文章的文体单元阅读文章的文体 单元文体Unit4 Wang Weis Dream写人记叙文Unit5 The Secret to Success 记叙文Unit6 A Girl Named Wilma写人记叙文 Wang Weis Dream Wang Weis parents were waiting for him when he got home.His Dad handed him a letter.It was from the university.His hands were shaking as he took the letter-his future was inside.Ever since Wang Wei was little,he wanted to be an engineer.He often took his toys apart and put them back together.One day,Mom was upset to see that Wang Wei had taken apart the television!Dad told her to have faith in Wang Wei,and sure enough he put the television back together perfectly.Wang Weis teachers all noticed his talent.They told his parents that Wang Wei should go to the university.Wang Wei was very excited about this.No one in Wang Weis family had ever been to the university before.Mom was not sure if it was a good idea.But Dad said,“Have faith in Wang Wei and his dream.”Wang Wei studied hard every day.His family did not have enough money to pay for university,but Wang Wei found out about scholarships that would pay for his tuition.Mom was doubtful,and this time even Dad felt a bit uncertain.But he said,“We must have faith in Wand Wei and his dream.”So Wang Wei studied extra hard every day,and applied for the scholarships.Now Wang Wei had the letter in his hand that would tell him if he could go to the university.He took a deep breath and opened the envelope.His parents looked over his shoulder.Wang Wei smiled.“It says,Congratulations.You have been accepted to the university on a full scholarship!”Mom hugged him with tears in her eyes.“I am so proud of you!”she said.Dad patted his back.“I always had faith in Wang Wei and his dream,he said.Beginning Process Ending 12 3 45 6 Receiving the letter.Trying his best to realize his dream with Fathers support and his teachers encouragement.Realizing his dream.Part2 3 2 4Wang Wei dreamed of doing something that he loved and that he was good at.Wang Wei faced difficulties.Wang Wei worked hard to overcome difficulties.文体、中心文体、中心王伟在父亲的信任和鼓励下克服困难，最终实现自己梦想的记叙王伟在父亲的信任和鼓励下克服困难，最终实现自己梦想的记叙文文 叙事顺序叙事顺序插叙插叙 结构结构六要素六要素(who,when,where,why,what,how)第一段第一段:Wang Weis parents were waiting for him when he got home.（作者采用插叙的方法（作者采用插叙的方法)并自然过渡并自然过渡.第二段：第二段：Wang Wei had talents when he was a little boy.第三段：第三段：Wang Wei studied hard with his teachers encouragement and Fathers support.第四段：第四段：Wang Wei had trouble but he didnt give up.第五、六段：插叙的部分叙述完毕回到顺叙时要交待清楚。第五、六段：插叙的部分叙述完毕回到顺叙时要交待清楚。（Now)文章脉络清晰，内容表达完整。文章脉络清晰，内容表达完整。语言积累语言积累(1)(1)以一般过去时为主以一般过去时为主,各种时态为辅各种时态为辅,合理使用丰富多采的动词时态合理使用丰富多采的动词时态.多多用动词，特别是动态的行为动词用动词，特别是动态的行为动词.（2 2）由由and,but连接的并列句，宾语从句，以及由连接的并列句，宾语从句，以及由when,as,ever since引导引导的时间状语从句等。的时间状语从句等。(3)(3)多种描写方法：心理描写多种描写方法：心理描写 （doubtfuldoubtful、a bit uncertain)a bit uncertain)动作描写：动作描写：(took a deep breath(took a deep breath、opened the envelop)opened the envelop)(4)(4)文章中用到的关联词：文章中用到的关联词：时间关系：时间关系：as,ever since as,ever since 并列关系：并列关系：and and 转折关系：转折关系：butbut 等等写作话题：写作话题：How to realize our dreams?Make a good plan.Find the right way.Have faith in ourselves.Work hard.Realize some small goals step by step.Learn from others.Try to get others help.Cooperate with each other.Follow others advice.Never give up.语篇积累语篇积累1.A dream is to a man what wings are to a bird.2.It is our dreams that lead us to a bright future.3.Dreams are like the morning sunshine that can bring us hope and happiness.4.The important thing in life is to have a great dream,and the determination to realize it.5.Nobody can realize his dream if he keeps waiting and does nothing.6.Without dreams,there is no direction;without dreams,there is no hope.7.If you can imagine it,you can get it.If you can dream it,you can fulfill it.The Secret to Success It was Career Week at school.Each day,a different person came to talk about his or her career.Kellys class had visits from a fire fighter,a doctor,an artist,and a computer programmer.All the talks were interesting.Kelly was inspired to think of all the careers she could have.But Kelly was most excited about the last person coming to visit.Andrew Fisher,a famous television reporter,who also wrote many books about his travels all around the world.Kelly was very anxious to hear him talk.Mr.Fisher talked about growing up in a poor family in the mountains,with very little education.He talked about being a reporter during exciting and dangerous events.He talked about climbing Mt.Qomolangma and sailing down the Nile.He had many interesting stories,and the students paid close attention.Then he asked if anyone had questions.Immediately,Kelly raised her hand.“Mr.Fisher,how did you get to be so successful?”Kelly asked.“Heres the secret,”Mr.Fisher said.“I write all my goals down in a special notebook.Every morning,I look at my notebook and read my goals.Then I say to myself,How can I get one step closer to my goals?Mr.Fisher continued:“Try it yourselves.Picture your dream in perfect detail and write it down.Dont be afraid if your dreams seem impossible.No one ever believed that the Wright Brothers could build an airplane.And people laughed when Christopher Columbus said that he wanted to sail around the world.But these people believed in their dreams.They thought about their dreams every day.And each day they took little steps to get closer to their dreams.”1.Career Week at school inspired Kelly.2.Kelly was interested in Andrew Fishers talk.3.Mr.Fishers talk about his experiences.4-5.Mr Fishers secret to success.心理描写与动作描写相结合心理描写与动作描写相结合 Kelly was most excited about the last person coming to visit.Kelly was very anxious to hear him talk.The students paid close attention.Kelly raised her hand语言积累：语言积累：1.适当地使用各种主从复合句：定语从句（非限定）、同位语从句、宾适当地使用各种主从复合句：定语从句（非限定）、同位语从句、宾语从句、时间状语从句、条件状语从句等。语从句、时间状语从句、条件状语从句等。2.使用丰富的句式（感叹句、倒装句使用丰富的句式（感叹句、倒装句）3.修辞方法：修辞方法：设问、排比等设问、排比等4.关联词关联词 then,and,but5.表示时间、转折等关系的副词或从句表示时间、转折等关系的副词或从句交叉使用交叉使用通过通过Mr.FisherMr.Fisher先生的叙述，总结出如何成功先生的叙述，总结出如何成功的秘密：的秘密：Step1:Have dreams.Step2:Picture your dream in perfect detail and write it down.Step3:Read about your dream every day.Step 4:Take action:Get one step closer to the dream each day.Get to success step by step.Step 5:Never give up.人物描写时，要生动具体：1、外表特征：tall,short,fat,thin,strong,weak,ordinary-looking 等。2、心理描写：glad,happy,sad,excited,anxious,interested 等。3、感情描写：love,like,hate,feel,laugh,cry,smile,shout 等。4、动作描写：come in excitedly,leave hurriedly,get up quickly,fetch，laugh happily等。文章中可用于写作的句子：文章中可用于写作的句子：1.I write all my goals down in a special notebook.2.How can I get one step closer to my goals?3.Try it yourselves.Picture your dream in perfect detail and write it down.4.Dont be afraid if your dreams seem impossible.5.Believe in your dreams.6.Think about dreams every day.7.Each day,take little steps to get closer to your dreams.佳句积累佳句积累1.Life is not always full of flowers and smiles.Every person comes across his own difficulties no matter how high his position is or how great his achievement is.So in my opinion,we should overcome difficulties until we succeed.2.Dont be afraid of difficulties in our life because they can teach us to be brave and bring us valuable experience.As the saying goes,“Failure is the mother of success.”As long as we face the difficulties we meet bravely,and well make progress little by little.l A Girl Named Wilma In 1940,a little girl named Wilma Rudolph was born.She was small and sick.In her early childhood,Wilma had many serious illnesses.But her familys love always helped her get better.When Wilma was four years old,doctors noticed her left leg was not straight.They told her family that she had polio,and that she would never walk.Wilma and her family didnt want to believe the doctors.Wilma exercised every day until she was able to walk with a brace.Then she was able to go to school.All her friends played basketball after school.Wilma sat and watched them every day,dreaming of being an athlete.Of course,people thought she was crazy.But Wilma was determined.By the time she was nine years old,she could walk without a brace!She began playing basketball.In middle school,she was the star of the basketball team.A running coach saw her play.He thought Wilma could be a great runner.Soon Wilma was training for the Olympics.When she was sixteen,she flew to Melbourne for the 1956 Olympic Games.Wilma and three teammates won the bronze medal in the relay race.Over the next four years,Wilma continued to train as a runner.In 1960,Wilma went to the Rome Olympics,determined to do better.Two days before her first race,she twisted her ankle.She was worried that her chance was gone.But she won the 100-meter race.Three days later,she won the 200-meter race.After that,she and her teammates won the 400-meter relay race.Wilma Rudolph was the first American woman to win three gold medals in a single Olympics!Unit6 A Girl Named WilmaParagraph 1Wilmas miserable childhood.Paragraph 2Wilma overcame her illness with strong determination and trained harder for her dream.Paragraph 3Wilmas early achievement.Paragraph 4Wilma overcame difficulties and fulfilled her goals.以时间为线索顺叙叙事：以时间为线索顺叙叙事：1940，in her early childhood,when she was four years old,when she was nine years old,when she was sixteen,over the next four years,in 1960(two days before her first race,three days later,after that)时态：以一般过去时为主时态：以一般过去时为主使用了很多的时间状语和从句并运用了丰富的句式使用了很多的时间状语和从句并运用了丰富的句式（感叹句（感叹句:She could walk without a brace！）！）关联词：关联词：but,when,and,until,then,of course,by the time,soon,two days before,after thatTime Things Her attitudeHer familys love always helped her get better.She had many serious illnesseswhen she wasfour years oldWhen she was nine years oldShe flew to Melbourne for the1956 Olympic Games.She continued to train as a runner.Main Idea in 1940 Wilma was born with illness.In her early childhoodShe had polio and would never walk.Wilma and her family didnt want to believe the doctors.She could walk without a brace,dreaming of being an athlete.Wilma was determined.When she was sixteen.In 1960She went to the Rome Olympics and won three gold medals.She determined to do better.Time Order时间时间顺序顺序Tell the story围绕中心围绕中心叙述故事叙述故事Attitude 透露主旨透露主旨贯穿全文贯穿全文-Having strong determination Title A Girl Named Wilmaliteral meaning表层含义表层含义implication深层含义深层含义A.Wilma was born with illnesses,she wanted to be an athlete,so she succeeded.B.Wilma had polio,but she succeeded.Her strong determination was the key to success.可以作为结尾的句子：可以作为结尾的句子：1.“Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it!”Thanks to her never-give-up attitude,Wilma succeeded.2.What a great athlete Wilma was!She was a heroine in everybodys heart.佳句积累佳句积累1.The spirit of never giving up always encourages us to face difficulties bravely.2.Life is not always full of roses.3.Those who dont give up easily can have more chances to succeed.4.Believe in yourself and nothing is impossible.好文章的标准？好文章的标准？学生作文存在的问题：学生作文存在的问题：1.结构结构 2.内容内容 3.语言语言 4.方法方法1.表示并列关系的过渡词：表示并列关系的过渡词：and,as well as,or 2.表示转折关系的过渡词：表示转折关系的过渡词：but,yet,however 3.表示时间关系的过渡词：表示时间关系的过渡词：first,second,third,and then,finally,after,before,after a few days,at last,at that time,later,in the past,immediately,in the meanwhile,when,while,then,after that 4.表示空间关系的过渡词：表示空间关系的过渡词：near(to),far(from),in the front of,beside,behind,beyond,above,below,to the right,to the left,on one side,on the other side of,outside 5.表示比较关系的过渡词：表示比较关系的过渡词：in the same way,just like,just as 6.表示对照关系的过渡词：表示对照关系的过渡词：but,still,yet,however,on the other hand,in spite of,even though 7.表示递进关系的过渡词：表示递进关系的过渡词：also,and,then,too,in addition,moreover,again 8.表示因果关系的过渡词：表示因果关系的过渡词：because,since,then,thus,otherwise,so,therefore,as a result 9.表示解释说明的过渡词：表示解释说明的过渡词：for example,in fact,in this case,for,actually 10.表示强调的过渡词：表示强调的过渡词：in fact,indeed,certainly,without any doubt,most important 11.表示目的的过渡词：表示目的的过渡词：for this reason,for this purpose,so that,in order that,so as to,in order to,12.表示列举的过渡词：表示列举的过渡词：for example,such as 13.表示总结性的过渡词：表示总结性的过渡词：in conclusion,finally,at last,in brief,in a word,in general,in all,in a word,generally speaking 写作时必须注意上下文的连贯，词汇和句式的多样性及语写作时必须注意上下文的连贯，词汇和句式的多样性及语言的准确性言的准确性例如例如:写请假条。情景：我生病了，明天不能上学。写请假条。情景：我生病了，明天不能上学。(可可以用下面方式表达以用下面方式表达)1.I am badly ill,so I cant to go school tomorrow.2.I cant go to school tomorrow because I am ill.3.I am so ill that I cant go to school.4.I have to stay at home because of my illness.5.I am ill,as a result,I have to stay at home.6.Being ill,I have to be absent from school.应用文练笔应用文练笔:假如你是假如你是Tom,在元旦第二天收到了你的好朋友的来信。他想了解在元旦第二天收到了你的好朋友的来信。他想了解你们学校即将举办的读书俱乐部情况。请你根据下面海报内容，你们学校即将举办的读书俱乐部情况。请你根据下面海报内容，给他回信，并表达希望和他成为俱乐部会友的愿望。要求包含所给他回信，并表达希望和他成为俱乐部会友的愿望。要求包含所有信息，至少五句话。有信息，至少五句话。POSTER Reading Club is waiting for you!Time:6:00p.m.8:00p.m.Place:The Center Hall(only weekdays)(the second floor)Activities:reading and communicatingImproving and Enjoying YourselfNever Miss It!Dear Xiao Hai,_ Best wishes for the coming new year!Tom 书面表达：书面表达：旅行可以开阔视野、增长知识，也可以让人放松心情，但对于初四的学生来说，时间就是生命，时间就是速度，时间就是力量。请你围绕“作为九年级的学生，应不应该利用假期时间去旅行”这一话题，展开思路谈谈你的感想。