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.wd.Unit 4知识点Comic strip1. Follow me, Eddie.跟着我,Eddie。follow (v.) 跟随,后面直接跟表示人或事物的名词作宾语,相当于come after。e.g: Spring follows winter.冬去春来。拓展 follow (v.) 效仿;理解;服从e.g: As students, we should follow the school rules.作为学生,我们应该服从校规。He speaks too fast. I cant follow him.他说得太快了。我听不懂。提醒 follow形容词为following,“接着的,以下的。e.g: Which of the following sentence is right?以下哪个句子是正确的2. Are you sure, Hobo?你确定吗,Hobobe sure“确信,有把握,指有把握的判断。常用短语:be sure to do sth.肯定会做某事be sure of/about sth.确信某事,对某事有把握be sure + that从句对肯定/有把握e.g: You are sure to enjoy the film.你一定会喜欢这部电影的。Are you sure of the result?你对结果有把握吗Im sure that smoking is not good for your health.我确信吸烟对你的安康无益。拓展 sure (adv.) 当然可以,相当于certainlye.g: -May I use your bike?-Sure./Certainly.-我可以用你的自行车吗-当然可以。3. Lets go down here.让我们在这儿向下走。go down下去;向下走 反:go up,常用来表示位置或价格的下降。down (adv.) 向下e.g: Is this lift going down?这部电梯是向下开的吗拓展 go down还可表示“顺着,沿着,此时down为介词,意为“沿而下。e.g: Go down this street, and then turn right.沿着这条街道走,然后右拐。4. Dont be afraid.不要害怕。be afraid 害怕,担忧afraid (adj.) 害怕的,担忧的常用短语:be afraid of (doing) sth.害怕做某事be afraid to do sth.因害怕而不敢做某事Im afraid + that从句恐怕e.g: Many people are afraid of tigers.许多人害怕老虎。Is your younger brother afraid of swimming.你弟弟害怕游泳吗Im afraid to go out alone at night.我晚上不敢一个人出去。Im afraid (that) I cant help you.恐怕我帮不了你。提醒 “Im afraid so. 表示 “恐怕情况是这样的。语气较委婉。e.g:-I hear Mr Wu is ill in hospital.-Im afraid so.Lets go and see him after school. -我听说吴教师生病住院了。-恐怕是这样的,放学后我们去看他吧。5. Eddie,I think we have to go up again.Eddie,我认为我们不得不再上去一次。have to不得不,必须;强调因客观条件的制约而不得不去做某事,后接动词原形。e.g: We have to finish the work before supper. 我们不得不在晚饭前完成这项工作。辨析 have to与must词条含义用法have to“必须,有人称、数、时态的变化,否认式dont have to表示“不必强调客观上的需要must“必须,只有一种形式,否认式mustnt表示“制止表示说话人主观上的看法,强调主观上的需要Welcome to the unit1. Lets go on a trip!让我们去旅行吧!go on a trip去旅行= have a tripgo on.表示“去做e.g: Will the students go on an outing?学生们打算要出游吗拓展 go on还可表示“继续,常用短语go on doing sth.继续做某事。e.g: Im so tired that I cant go on learning.我太累了,不能再继续学习了。2. Sunshine Zoo is north of Sunshine Middle School.阳光动物园在阳光中学的北面。north(n.)北,北方固定构造:be + 方位词 + of. 表示“某地在另一地的方向,指范围之外,且中间有一段距离。e.g: Our school is north of the post office.我们学校在邮局北面。拓展 north(n.)北方的;北部的e.g: There will be rain in North England tonight.今晚英国北部将有雨。辨析 方位名词与介词in,on,to连用时的区别词条含义用法in+方位名词在之内强调某地在某一特定区域内on+方位名词在之外强调某地在某一特定区域外,且两地相互接壤to+方位名词在之外强调某地在某一特定区域外,且两地不相连,隔着相望cinemaschoolschoolhillschooltreee.g: The tree is in the north of the school.那棵树在学校的北部。The hill is on the north of the school.山在学校的北方。The cinema is to the north the school.电影院在学校的北方。Reading1. Hi, everybody.大家好。everybody代词,意为“每人,人人,相当于everyone,在句中用作单数,代指每一个人。e.g: Not everybody likes this book.并不是每个人都喜欢这本书。提醒 当everybody作主语时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。Everybody here comes from American.这儿的每个人都来自美国。2. Go straight on, and youll find the Panda House.直走,然后你将会找到熊猫屋。straightadv.径直地,常与动词come,go,walk等连用。e.g: Come straight home after school.放学后直接回家。拓展 straight还可作形容词,意为“直的,笔直的。e.g: Draw a straight line on the paper.在纸上画一条直线。提醒 straight的形容词和副词都是straight,没有其他形式。类似的词有:hard(adj.)困难的hard(adv.)努力地high(adj.)高的high(adv.)高地deep(adj.)深的deep(adv.)深深地3. They like to eat bamboo and lie down all day long.他们喜欢吃竹子,而且躺着一整天。(1) bamboo(n.)竹子,泛指一般的竹子时为不可数名词;特指某些竹子或强调竹子的种类时为可数名词;表示“竹材时为不可数名词;表示“竹竿;竹棍时为可数名词。e.g: Bamboo is not a tree, but a kind of grass.竹子不是树,而是一种草。The piece of bamboo makes a musical sound.这块竹片能发出悦耳的音乐声。拓展 bamboo可用于其他名词前作定语,常构成短语:bamboo shoots竹笋;bamboo leaves竹叶;bamboo chairs竹椅。(2) all day long整天地,long副词,用在表示一段时间的名词之后,起强调的作用。e.g: They work hard all day long.他们整天努力工作。拓展 类似的短语有:all month long 整月; all year long 整年4. Walk along the road.沿着这条马路走。辨析 road, street与way词条含义用法road路,道路指可供人或车辆通行的较为广阔、平坦的“公路,马路,含义较为具体street街道指两侧有房屋或商店等建筑物的城镇内的“街道way路;路线指到达目的地必须经过的途径,含义较为抽象5. Remember that theyre dangerous.记住他们是不安全的。(1)remember(v.)记得,记住,后跟名词、代词、不定式或动名词作宾语。反义词为forget(忘记).e.g:-Do you still remember me?-Sorry. I dont remember your name.-你还记得我吗-对不起,我不记得你的名字了。辨析 remember to do sth.与remember doing sth.短语含义用法remember to do sth.记得要做某事强调事情还没做remember doing sth.记得做过某事强调事情是以前做过的e.g: Remember to bring your book here tomorrow.记得明天把你的书带过来。I remember seeing you before.我记得以前见过你。提醒 forget与remember的用法类似。(2) dangerous(adj.)不安全的,在句中作定语或表语。反义词为safe安全的。e.g: Its dangerous to play with fire.玩火是不安全的。拓展 dangerous的词型变化及其相应的反义词:danger(n.)safetydangerous (adj.) safedangerously (adv.) safely6. Monkeys are clever and funny.猴子们又聪明又有趣。funny(adj.) fun(n.) 有趣的事,为不可数名词e.g: Reading is fun.阅读是件有趣的事。7. They jump around and make people laugh.他们到处跳,使得人们大笑。(1) laugh (v.)笑,大笑,发笑常用短语laugh at sb.“嘲笑某人e.g: The guests all laughed loudly.客人们都大声地笑了。Dont laugh at the poor.不要嘲笑穷人。(2) make people laugh为“动词+宾语+宾语补足语构造,即:make sb. do sth.使某人做某事。make使役动词,后接不带to的动词不定式即动词原形作宾语补足语。e.g: The strange noise makes him feel frightened at night.奇怪的声音使他晚上感到害怕。拓展 后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词或动词短语有:一感feel,二听hear,listen to,三让let,make,have,四看watch,see,notice,look at。提醒 有些动词那么必须跟带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。如:ask/tell/want sb. to do sth.要求/告诉/想要某人做某事。8. Theyre quite tall.他们非常高。quite副词,“相当,非常,位于形容词或副词的原级前作状语。e.g: The film is quite interesting.这部电影相当有趣。拓展 类似quite只修饰原级的副词有very, too, so等。9. Cross the bridge, and youll see the elephants.穿过桥,你将会看到大象。辨析 cross与across词条含义用法cross动词,意为“穿过单独作谓语,直接跟宾语across介词,意为“穿过不能单独作谓语,要和表示“走的动词walk, run, fly, jump等连用,此时相当于crosse.g: Be careful when you cross the road. = Be careful when you walk across the road. 过马路的时候要小心。提醒 crossing名词,意为“穿插处,十字路口。Grammar1. 冠词a/an/the冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词。不定冠词a/an常用来泛指某个人或物,定冠词the常用来指特定的某个人或物。(1) 不定冠词a/ana/an用于表示“一的概念,但不强调数目概念。我们在第一次提到某人或某物时,如果是可数名词单词,常在其前加不定冠词a/an。“a/an+单数名词表示“一个或“某一。表示“一个,相当于one,指某人或某物。e.g: I have a new computer.我有一台新电脑。代表一类人或物。e.g: A knife is a tool for cutting things.刀是用来切东西的工具。用于一些习惯用语中。e.g: alot of许多;a little少量;a kind of一类。提醒 以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前用a,以元音音素开头的单数可数名词前用an,元音音素不等同于元音字母。e.g: I want a pear. I dont want an apple.我想要一个梨。我不想要一个苹果。(2) 定冠词the定冠词the用在谈到之前提过的某人或某物前,或特指某些人或物,使其区别于同类的其他人或事物,相当于this, that, these, those, 可以与可数名词连用,也可与不可数名词连用。一般用法有:用于表达上文已提及的人或事物。e.g: I have a new bike. The bike is a birthday present from my uncle. 我有一辆新自行车。这辆车是我叔叔送我的生日礼物。用于表示谈话双方都知道的人或事物。e.g: He is waiting for me at the school gate.他正在学校门口等我。用于序数词和最高级前。e.g: This is the first time for me to visit Beijing.这是我第一次去北京旅行。Eddie wants to live next to the biggest restaurant in Beijing.Eddie想住在北京最大的餐馆旁边。用于世界上独一无二的事物前。e.g: The Earth moves around the Sun.地球围绕太阳转。用于方位名词前。e.g: Jiangsu is in the east of China.江苏位于中国东部。用于由普通名词构成的专有名词前。Were going to visit the Great Wall.我们打算去游览长城。用于乐器名词前。e.g: He cant play football, but he can play the violin.他不会踢足球,但是他会拉小提琴。与一些形容词连用,表示一类人,是复数概念。e.g: In China, the old live a happy life.在中国,老人们过着幸福的生活。用于姓氏的复数前,表示一家人,是复数概念。e.g: The Greens are having afternoon tea at present.此刻,格林一家正在喝下午茶。用于一些习惯用语种。in the morning/afternoon/evening在上午/下午/晚上in the middle of .在的中间2. 方位介词常用的方位介词归类:词条含义用法at, in在at + 小地点;in + 大地点between在之间表示两者之间,而表示在三者或三者以上的之间,要用amongabove, over, on在上方above表示“高于某物,反义词为below;over表示“在垂直的正上方不接触外表,反义词为under;on表示“在某一平面上相互接触beside, next to在旁边两者可互换inside在里面反义词为outside,“在外面in front of在的前面表示“在某物外部的前面,反义词为behind; in the front of表示“在某物内部的前面,反义短语为at the back ofIntegrated skills1. Walk past the house, turn left and walk along the path next to the river. 经过房子后向左转,然后沿着河边的小路走。walk past“经过,相当于动词pass;期中past是介词,意为“经过,超过。e.g: I walk past the Xinhua Bookshop on my way to school.我在上学的路上经过新华书店。辨析 past与pass词条含义用法past介词,意为“经过;超过与动词walk,go,run等连用作谓语pass动词,意为“经过;传递指在人或物面前或旁边经过,可单独作谓语使用2. Take the second turning on the right. 在第二个拐弯处右转。此句型构造为“Take + the + 序数词 + turning on the left/right.,相当于“Turn left/right at the + 序数词 + turning.。turning名词,意为“转弯处,动词为turn,表示“转,拐弯。e.g: Take the first turning on the left. = Turn left at the first turning.在第一个拐弯处向左拐。提醒 turning一般指拐弯处,而表示十字路口要用crossing,意为“穿插路口。3. Walk straight on, and youll see the traffic lights.直走,然后你将看到红绿灯。traffic名词,意为“交通,来往车辆,为不可数名词。e.g: His left knee was hurt in a traffic accident.他的左膝在一次交通事故中受伤了。There is too much traffic on the roads.道路上来往车辆很多。拓展 traffic常构成的短语:traffic lights红绿灯traffic accident 交通事故traffic jam 交通堵塞traffic rules 交通规那么4. Then youll see Sunny Garden at the corner of the street.然后你将会看到在街角的阳光花园。corner(n.)拐角,街角;角落at the corner of . 在的拐角处e.g: When you get to the corner of the street, youll see a cinema. 当你来到街道的拐角处,你就会看到一家电影院。Task1. My parents will prepare plenty of food and drinks for us. 我的父母将为我们准备大量的食物和饮料。(1) prepare(v.)准备,相当于get ready,固定短语prepare . for . 为准备,相当于get ready for .。e.g: The students are preparing for a school trip.学生们正在为学校旅行做准备。拓展 prepare to do sth.表示“准备做某事。e.g: I prepare to go shopping with Kate at the weekend.周末我准备和凯特去购物。(2) plenty of大量的,充足的,既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词,一般用于肯定句中,相当于a lot of或lots of,在否认句或疑问句中多用many或much替代。e.g: There are plenty of books in the school library.学校图书馆里有许多书。My boss has plenty of money.我的老板有许多人民币。2. Get out at Exit A.在A出口出去。exit(n.)出口,复数为exits。反义词为entrance 入口。e.g: Can you find the exit?你能找到出口吗Excuse me, where is the entrance?打搅一下,请问入口在哪里提醒 表示“一个出口/入口要用an exit/entrance,冠词为an。
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