新概念英语第二册Lesson28~30学习笔记

新概念英语第二册 Lesson2830 学习笔记新概念英语第二册 Lesson28 学习笔记1 Jasper White is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths.贾斯珀.怀特是少有的相信古代神话的人之一。(1)区别 believe 和 believe in 的用法，believe someone 指“相 信某人所为”，believe in someone 指“信赖某人的为人可靠”或 “相信某人将有所作为”。(2)如果动词不是 be，一般 believe 后用从句。I believed (that) you belonged to that company.我相信你属于那家公司。(3)当 believe 为被动语态时，后面习惯接不定式。You are believed to be honest.2 have trouble with sth/sb 某物出了麻烦，与某人相处起来有 困难I have trouble with my roommate.我和我的室友相处起来有些问题。相关短语：get sb into trouble 使某人陷入困境 in trouble 陷入困境Nothing gives him more pleasure than helping someone in trouble.没有一件事要比协助陷入困境的人带给他更大的快乐。3 复习一下定语从句的相关语法关系代词能够有四个概念：a.代人的，做主语或宾语 who 只做宾语的 whomb.代物的，做主语或宾语 whichc.代人的也能够代物的 做主语或宾语 thatd.whose 其代表的东西由其在句子中的成分决定我有一个房子，房子的窗户都破了。I have a house whose windows are broken.e.介词后不能够用 thatThe school in which he once studied is very famous.他曾上学的学校很出名。4 But none of them has been turned to stone yet!但到当前为止还没有一个变成石头呢!turn to 表示向求助，与 turn 搭配的短语还有：turn off 关掉 turn back 折回, 返回 turn out v.结果是, 生 产, 出. turn in 上缴, 拐入, 交还 in turn 轮流地Please turn off the electric power.请把电源关掉。The film turned out to be a great success.这部影片结果大获成功。She asked the same question of everyone in turn.她依次向每一个人问同样的问题。5 It is one of the ugliest faces I have ever seen.这是我见过的最丑陋的头像之一本句中有一个定语从句 I have ever seen,关系代词 that 被省略 了，原因是被修饰的名词 face 在从句中做的是宾语，所以能够将关系 代词省去。新概念英语第二册 Lesson29 学习笔记1 The most surprising thing about it, however, is that it can land anywhere： on snow, water, or even on a ploughed field.不过，最令人惊奇的是它能够在任何地方降落。(1)本句中有一个新的语法结构，即插入语。所谓插入语是指在一 个句子中间插入一个成分，它不作句子的何种成分，也不和句子的何 种成分发生结构关系，这个成分称之插入语。插入语在句中通常是对 一句话的一些附加解释，说明或总结;有时起强调的作用;有时是为了 引起对方的注意;还能够起转移话题或说明事由的作用;也能够承上启 下，使句子与前面的语句衔接的更紧密一些。 插入语的类型包括：形 容词(短语)，副词(短语)，介词短语或是不定式短语。Strange, there is nobody in the classroom. 很奇怪，教室里 没人。In short, we should not stop halfway. 简来说之，我们不能 半途而废。Thats a wonderful idea, to be sure. 这个主意好极了，的确。(2)is that it can land anywhere 是一个从句，起表语作用， 被称为表语从句。表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。说明主语是什么或者怎么样， 由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当，和连系动词 一起构成谓语。连接表语从句的连接词有：that, what, who, when, where, which, why, whether, how, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever 等。He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago.他已经成为了他 10 年前想成为的。2 Captain Ben Fawcett has bought an unusual taxi and has begun a new service.本.弗西特机长买了一辆不同寻常的出租汽车，并开始了一项新的 业务。本句中，service 做名词使用，表示服务或业务好、之意。做动词 时表示保养，维护，支付(借款)利息。He suggested that my car should be serviced.他建议我把汽车送去保养。(1)service 有时以复数形式出现。The waitress has offered her services to us.这个女服务生已经向我们自荐了。Her services are entirely satisfactory.她的服务完全令人满意。(2)ones service 常表示不同的意思。He took her into his service.他雇她做他的保姆。句中 his service 意思为“他的被人服务”。He offered his services to her.此处的 his services 意思为“他为人服务”。3 on another occasion 还有一次 n. 场合, 时机, 理由, 机会, 盛大场面I only wear a tie on special occasions.我只在特殊场合才打领带。相关短语：on occasion 偶尔，有时 have occasion to表示 “有的必要”，have no/little occasion to 表示“没有的 必要”。此时 occasion 前面不能用冠词 an 或 the。I call on him on occasion.我偶尔去拜访他。I have no occasion to see him these days.这些天我都没有机会见到他。4 The taxi is a small Swiss aeroplane called a Pilatus Porter.这辆“出租汽车”是一架小型瑞士飞机，叫“皮勒特斯 .波特“号。called 在此句中为过去分词做定语，作为被动状态来翻译的， ing 表示正在实行的动词，用主动语态来翻译。I have a cat called Lucy. 我有一只猫，名叫 lucyThe girl sitting next to me was my cousin.=The girl who was sitting next to me was my cousin.坐在我旁边的姑娘是我表妹。5 Captain Fawcett has just refused a strange request from a businessman.弗西特机长刚刚拒绝了一位商人的奇怪要求。本句中出现一个重点名词 request，意为请求，要求。它的动词形 式是 require。(1)request 较 ask 正式，一般不出现在口语中;(2)request 作名词时，后可接 for，但作及物动词时，后不可接 for。例如 a request for assistance 和 He requested assistance;(3)request 作动词时，后不可接宾语和 for。We requested them for assistance.这个句子是错误，准确的应该是 We requested assistance from them.我们需要他们的协助。新概念英语第二册 Lesson30 学习笔记1 The Wayle is a small river that cuts across the park near my home.威尔河是横穿过我家附近公园的一条小河。本句中 cut 作为动词使用，有横切，割，剪的意思;作名词时有切 口，切，割的意思。(1)hurt, injure, wound, cut 辨析 这个组动词都有“受伤”的 意思。hurt： 为普通用语，既可指肉体上的伤害(可被 badly, slightly, seriously 等修饰)，也可指精神上、感情上的伤害(被 very much/rather/deeply 修饰)，多指伤痛。I hurt my leg badly in the football match.在那场足球赛中，我的腿受了重伤。He felt rather hurt at your words.你的话使他很难过。injure： 比 hurt 正式，主要指意外事故中损害健康、容貌等， 强调功能的损失。A bullet injured his left eye.一颗子弹伤了他的左眼。wound ： 指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤，是出血的、严重的伤， 尤其指用武器有意造成的伤口、伤疤或战场上受伤。也可指人们精神 上的创伤。The thief wounded him with a knife.那小偷用刀刺伤了他。You have wounded his pride.你伤害了他的自尊心。cut： 指无意中造成的轻伤。How did you get that cut on your hand?你手上的伤口是怎么弄的?(2)相关短语cut in 切入，插嘴，超车 cut up 切碎，谴责 cut across 抄近 路穿过It is impolite for children to cut in when their seniors are talking.孩子们在他们的长辈谈话时插嘴是不礼貌的。In order not to be late, she cut across the fields.为了不迟到，她抄近路穿过田野。2 on fine afternoons 天气晴朗的下午当 morning，afternoon，evening 这些词的前面或后面有修饰词 时，要用介词 on。3 The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water.球重重地打在他身上，使他差点儿落入水中。so+形容词+that 从句往往表达“如此以至于”的意思 He has so few friends that his life is lonely.他的朋友很少，所以他的生活非常孤单。和 so 搭配的短语还有 so far 迄今为止，到某个水准。The bus route goes so far as that, so youll need to take a taxi.汽车路线到此为止了，你得叫辆出租车。4 I turned to look at the children, but there werent any in sight.我转过头去看那些孩子，但一个也不见。in sight 翻译为能够看到，反义词为 out of sight.The train was soon out of sight.那火车很快就看不见了。相关短语：at first sight 乍一看 catch sight of 看到，发现 They fell in love at first sight.他们一见钟情。Our eyes catch sight of a form in the blockhouse port. 我们看到碉堡发射孔里有人影。5 They had all run away.他们全都跑了。本句中 run away 表示逃跑，失去控制之意。相关短语：run out v. 用尽，耗尽;期满 run off 逃跑，流 掉 run down 撞倒，贬低，追捕Our time is running out. /We are running out of time. 我们剩下的时间不多了。