物流与供应链管理 施於人

PSB物流管理双文凭专业词汇 物流与供应链管理 BY 施於人 abundance大量,多accounts receivable应收账款accuracy 准确acknowledge承认acquisition获得,并购activity based costing作业成本法actual实际的adaptation 适应adequate充分的AI（artificial intelligence）人工智能algorithm 算法allocate分配，配给ANOVA方差分析approximate大约arbitrary武断的artificial人工的aspect方面, 观点 audit审计、督查backward 向后的barter易货贸易batch批量behave行为/举止benefits of integration一体化带来的好处bottleneck瓶颈bottom-line盈亏平衡线boundary spanning activity跨界活动bonus红利budget预算buffer缓冲bulk体积buyback回购贸易by-products副产品capability能力capture抓住carrier承运人carring cost持有成本cash flow现金流centralize集权/集中channel conflict渠道冲突channel structure渠道结构characteristics特点COGS（cost of good sold）销售成本combine联合/混合commercialization商业化common vision共同愿景compenstation补偿competitive advantage竞争优势competitive pressures竞争压力component成分/要素computer and information technology计算机和信息技术Consolidation拼箱consumption消耗container集装箱continuous连续的,不断的contribute贡献coordination mechanism协作机制cornerstone基础counterpurchase互惠贸易cross docking转运cargo货柜currency exchange rate fluctuation汇率波动current通用的，现在的current assets流动资产current liabilities负债customer service客户服务cycle stock周转存货/经常存货decentralize分权declare宣布dealership经销权defect 缺点delay 耽搁/延迟demand forecasting需求预测dimension维度depreciation贬值discrepancy差异distribution分销divergent各种各样Diversification多样化/差异Domestic国内的downtime停机DSS（decision support system）决策支持系统duplicate复制duty drawback出口退税dynamic动态的ECR（efficient consumer response）高效率消费者回应EDI(Electronic Data Interchange)电子数据交换effect影响effecvive有效的efficient有效率的eliminate 淘汰/消除emcompass包括emphasize 强调enterprise企业environment环境ERP(Enterprise Resource Planning)企业资源计划essence本质/基础estimate估计entity实体evaluate衡量/评价exclusive distribution排他性分销expansion扩大，扩展explanation解释extremely极端地facilitator辅助商facility设施feature特性financial leverage财务杠杆finished product产成品fixed assets固定资产fixed expenses固定成本floor ready直接出售forecasting预测form utility形式效用framework框架freight运费/货物functional职能的functional spin-off职能脱离fundamental rethinking彻底地反思generally广泛地/一般的geographic地理grocery industry百货业gross margin毛利horizontal水平的human resource人力资源hypothesis假设identify发现/识别illustrate描述implement执行/实施inbound流入include包括,包含indicate指示、表明indicator指示灯industrial package工业包装infect感染initiate启动,发动in-process在制品intangible asset无形资产integral完整的 integrate整合intensive distribution密集分销interactions互动interest rate利率intermediary中介机构/中间商inventory buildup存货累积inventory management存货管理investigation研究;调查involvement涉及issues问题JIT（just-in-time）准时制large-sale大规模leading time前置期license许可line直线式line-staff直线-参谋式link连接long term长期logistics物流lot quantity cost批量成本main index主要指标malfunction出故障managerial管理方面的manufacture制造market concentration市场集中度marketing mix市场营销组合mass media大众媒体materials handling物料搬运measurement测量/衡量merchandise商品misallocating错误的分配more complex supply chain更复杂的供应链Multiple-plant多个生产厂net profit 净利net profit margin净利率obsolescence过期(的产品)optimal优化的/最优的opimize优化order cycle订单周期order entry订单录入order fulfillment订单履行order preparation订单准备order processing订单处理order transmission订单传输orientation面向original初始/原始other current assets其他流动资产outsourcing外包paradigm模式partnership伙伴关系parts and service support配件和服务支持reverse逆向performance evaluation绩效评价perishable容易腐烂的philosophy理念pipeline管道运输pipeline inventory在途存货place utility空间效用POS(point-of-sale)销售时点系统position定位possession utility持有效用postponement延期potential 潜在的practice实践preliminary预备工作primary最主要的process reengineering流程再造procurement采购productivity生产能力profit squeeze利润挤压proliferation繁荣promotion促销purchase购买QR（quick response）快速反应quantitive定量Quotas定额quote引用radical redsign彻底地重新设计rate of inflation通货膨胀率raw-material原材料recycle循环reduce减少/降低reengineer再造regularly有规律的replacement替换件replenishment补货retailer零售商return on assets资产收益率return on net worth净资产收益率reverse logistics逆向物流risk风险sales revenues销售收入sales volume销售量salvage and scrap disposal废弃物处置satisfaction满意schedule (工作)日程表scope范围,领域selective distribution选择性分销service after the sale售后服务setup cost准备成本setup costs准备成本shift in channel power渠道力量的转移shipper托运人simplify简化site selection decision选址决策smooth 平滑/平滑的sophisticate复杂的spare备用件speculation投机static静态的stockout缺货structure结构subassemblies组件suboptimization次优/局部优化Substantially主要地supply chain management供应链管理switch转手贸易system approach系统化方法tangible asset有形资产tier层time utility时间效用TQM(Total Quality Management)全面质量管理trade off权衡trade-in折价品transaction交易transmit转发transportation management运输管理distributor经销商twofold双重的typical典型地ultimate最终、极限uncertainty不稳定性value chain价值链variable expenses可变成本vendor供应商vertical垂直virtual corporation虚拟企业VP(Vice president)副总裁warehouse management仓储管理warehousing and storage仓储warranty质保wholesaler批发商work-in-process inventory在制品库存- 7 -