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专题三 冠词易错清单1. 不定冠词a,an的区别a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前,an用在以元音音素开头的单词前,判断一个词是元音开头,还是辅音开头,是根据其读音,而不是根据其字母。如:Its an interesting movie.它是一部很有趣的电影。There is an “h” in the word “hour”.单词word里面有一个h。(1)在26个字母中,前面用an的字母有“a,e,f,h,i,l,m,n,o,r,s,x”,其他用a。(2)要注意区别以u开头的单词an umbrella,an unusual story,an unhappy boy,a university,a useful book【速记口诀】确定用“a”还是“an”,不看字母看读音:不见“原因(元音)”别施“恩(n)”。2. 有、无定冠词的区别in hospital住院in the hospital在医院at table在吃饭at the table坐在桌边in prison坐牢in the prison在监狱里in front of在(外部的)前面in the front of在(内部的)前部go to school上学go to the school到那所学校去go to college上大学go to the college到那所大学去leave school毕业leave the school离开学校on earth究竟on the earth在地球上3. 序数词前面用定冠词与不定冠词的区别。“the + 序数词”表示“第几”;“a + 序数词”表示“又一,再一”。如:You are so close to the answer. Try a second time.你很接近答案了,再试一次。4. a number of与the number ofa number of意思是“许多”,相当于a lot of;the number of意思是“的数目,的数量 ”,作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。如:A number of people come here on vocation in summer.许多人夏天来这里度假。The number of the birds is decreasing every year.每年鸟的数量都在递减。5. a、an特殊位置(1)当名词被such,half,what修饰时,不定冠词放在这些词后。如:I have never seen such a beautiful bird before.我从未见过如此美丽的鸟儿。He bought half a kilo of pork.他买了半斤猪肉。What an amazing flower!多迷人的花儿呀!(2)当名词前面的形容词前有so,how,too等词时,不定冠词应放在形容词后。如:He is so forgetful a person that you have to remind him of some thing again and again.他是如此健忘的一个人,一件事你不得不一遍一遍地提醒他。How tall a tree it is! 这树多高呀!(3)当名词前面有形容词quite,rather或very时,不定冠词置于quite和rather之后,very之前。如:quite an attractive film一部吸引人的电影rather a lazy guy一个相当懒惰的家伙a very smart boy一个非常机灵的男孩提分策略近几年中考英语试题除了单独考查定冠词和不定冠词之外,还综合考查冠词和零冠词及其固定搭配的用法。准确判定特指与泛指是正确解答大部分中考冠词试题的关键。英语中的特指就是指特定的人或物,一般情况下,尽管不直接点名道姓,但大家都心知肚明,尤其是前文中出现过的。泛指则是指一般的或一类人或物,不具有特定的特征,大家也无法、也没必要知晓究竟是哪一个。需要注意的是,特指和泛指与名词的可数不可数无关。【例1】(2014 河北26)Lets take photo! Everyone,cheese!A. aB. anC. theD. 不填【解析】考查冠词的用法。“take a photo/photos(拍照)”是固定搭配,句中的photo是泛指。故选A。【答案】A【例2】(2014 山东聊城21)Daming,whats your dream?I want to be engineer some day.A. aB. anC. theD. 不填【解析】考查冠词的用法。句中的engineer是泛指以元音音素开头的,应该用不定冠词。故选B。【答案】B【例3】(2013吉林36)Look! There is elephant on the grass. It is playing with a ball.A. anB. aC. the【解析】考查冠词的用法。不定冠词a和an有“一”的意思,表示泛指。根据句意“看!草地上有一头大象。它在玩球。”可以判断用不定冠词,又由于elephant以元音开头,须用an。所以选择答案A。【答案】A专项训练1. (2014江苏苏州1)What cold weather it is in Harbin!Yes. Its unusual experience for us because we are used to living in the south.A./;aB. a;aC./;anD. a;an2. (2014上海奉贤区28)Hurry up! If we miss last bus,well have to get home by taxi.A. a;/B. the;aC. the;/D. a;a3. (2014江苏泰州 1)There is 8-year-old boy playing Chinese chess with his friend in the classroom.A. a;/B. an;/C. a;theD. an;the4. (2014 江苏扬州1)Have you seen film coming home,directed by Zhang Yimou?Of course,I have never seen such moving one.A. the;anB./;aC. the;aD./;an5. (2014江苏江阴1)Although it seemed to be painful experience,he still found it fun.A. a;/B./;aC. a;theD. a;a6. (2014安徽合肥31)He wrote song,which turned out to be rather popular with young.A. a;aB. a;theC. the;aD./;the7. (2014内蒙古赤峰31)Where are the students?They are playing football with students from Hilltop School.A. boys;/B. boy;theC. boy;/D. boys;the8. (2013北京海淀)Peter is honest boy and good friend of mine.A. a;theB. the;anC. a;anD. an;a9. (2013重庆)How was dinner at Mikes house?It was great. Mikes mum is wonderful cook.A. a;theB. the;aC. the;theD. a;an10. (2013江西)On April 12,1961, 27-year-old Yuri Gagarin(尤里加加林) became the first human to go into space.A. the;不填B. the;theC. a;不填D. a;the11. (2013浙江杭州)Theres apple on the table. apple is for my little brother.A. a;AnB. an;AnC. the;AnD. an;The12. (2013湖南长沙)There is report in todays newspaper. Its about meeting that will be held in our city.A. a;theB. an;theC. the;theD. a;a13. (2013上海)Listen! Someone is playing piano.Wow! beautiful music! I like it very much.A. a;whatB. an;HowC. the;WhatD./;How14. (2013湖北)Do you know man standing there?I only know hes from European country.A. a;anB. the;theC. the;aD. a;the15. (2013广东汕头)Did you get there by bike?No,I took taxi.A. a;aB. 不填;aC. the;theD. a;the参考答案与解析1. C解析:考查零冠词和不定冠词的用法。故选C。weather是不可数名词,cold之前不用冠词。应答句中的形容词是元音音素开头,应该用不定冠词an。故选C。2. C解析:考查冠词的用法。从句中的bus是特指,应该用定冠词。“by bus(乘公共汽车)”是固定搭配。故选C。3. B解析:考查不定冠词和零冠词的用法。“一个8岁的男孩”应该用不定冠词an。“下象棋”名词前不用冠词。故选B。4. C解析:考查冠词的用法。“film”是特指,之前应该用定冠词 the。应答句中的moving是以辅音因素开头的,应该用不定冠词a。故选C。5. A解析:考查不定冠词和零冠词的用法。形容词“painful”是以辅音因素开头的,之前应该用不定冠词a。fun是不可数名词,之前不用冠词。故选A。6. B解析:考查冠词的用法。song是第一次提到,应该用不定冠词。young是形容词,之前加定冠词,成为名词,即名词化的形容词。故选B。7. B解析:考查名词所有格和冠词的用法。名词boy作定语时,用单数形式,应答句中的students是特指,之前应该用定冠词。故选B。8. D解析:考查冠词的用法。a用在以辅音(指辅音音素)开头的词前,an用在以元音(指元音音素)开头的词前。“honest”是以元音音素开头前面应用冠词an,“good”以辅音因素开头前面应用冠词a。句意:彼得是一个诚实的小男孩,并且他是我的好朋友之一。故选D。9. B解析:考查冠词的用法。定冠词the用在名词前表特指,不定冠词用在名词前表一类。问句是指麦克家的晚餐,故是特指;答语是说麦克的妈妈是一个极好的厨师,是泛指。 a用于辅音音素开头的词前,故选B。10. A解析:考查冠词的用法。由句意:在1961年4月12号,27岁的尤里加加林成为进入太空的第一人。第一个空后的名词属于特指,应该用the,而space作“太空”时一般不用冠词。故选A。11. D解析:考查冠词的用法。泛指用不定冠词,apple是元音音素开头的用an;再次提到上文的人或物用定冠词the。故选D。12. A解析:考查冠词的用法。report为可数名词单数,这里表示“一”;这里的sports meeting是特指“在我们的城市举行的会议”,故用the。13. C解析:考查冠词的用法。在球类运动前,不加任何冠词;在乐器前必须加定冠词the,play the piano “弹钢琴”。第二空是感叹句,其中的music是不可数名词,所以用what来感叹,所以选C。14. C解析:考查冠词的用法。句意:你认识站在那里的那个男的吗?我只知道他来自一个欧洲国家,第一个空后名词是特指,第二个空格是泛指,并且Europe是以辅音因素开头的名词。因此答案选C。15. B解析:考查冠词的用法。by直接加交通工具表示方式,take a taxi是固定词组。故选B。7
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