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主谓一致,Subject-Verb Agreement,要点精析,【定义】 主谓语一致指的是句子的谓语动词与其主语在人称、性、数上必须保持一致。 【三条原则】 1.语法一致原则 2.就近一致原则 3.意义一致原则,就近一致原则,1. Neither my gloves nor my hat _ with the dress. A. go B. goes C. is D. are 2. (2009湖南高考)Either you or one of your students_ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. A. are B. is C. have D. be 【考点归纳】 1.由or，either.or.，neither.nor.，not only.but also. 等连接的并列主语，谓语动词常与最近的主语在单复数 上保持一致。 2. 由there，here引起的主语不止一个时，谓语通常和最邻 近的主语保持一致。,B,B,【例句读一读】,意义一致原则,1. 谓语动词只有单数的情况 2. 谓语动词只有复数的情况 3. 谓语动词的单复数视情况而定,1. 谓语动词只有单数的情况,1.) “one/every one/each/either/the number +of+复数名词” 作主语。 Each of the students has a book. 2) clothing，furniture，traffic，jewellery,baggage, equipment，luggage 等无生命的集体名词作主语。 Clothing is badly needed in this flooded area. (3) 表示时间、距离、金钱等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念。 Three weeks is a long time to wait for an answer.,4. 以s结尾的表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称的词作主语。,Physics is one of my favourite subjects.,(5) 由every，any，some，no和one，thing，body等所构成的不定代词作主语。 Is everybody here today？ (6) 非谓语动词、名词性从句作主语。 Persuading him to join us seems really hard. To go to bed early and to rise early is a good habit.,【练一练】,The number of deer, mountain lions, and wild roses does not change much if people leave things as they are.,【高考链接】,1. (2009江苏) At present，one of the arguments in favor of the new airport_ that it will bring a lot of jobs to the area. A. isB. are C. will be D. was 2. （2010湖南） Listening to loud music at rock concerts _ caused hearing loss in some teenagers. A. is B. are C. has D. have,A,c,2. 谓语动词只有复数的情况,(1) people，police，cattle等有生命的集体名词作主语。 People read for pleasure during their spare time. (2)一些常用作复数或只有复数形式的名词，如goods，stairs, arms等作主语。,(3)由山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等以s结尾的专有名词作主语。 The Olympic Games are held once every four years. (4)a number of/quantities of/a group of名词作主语。 A number of the other plants were found in America.,The sick have been cured and the lost have been found.,5. The+形容词/分词，指一类人，谓语动词用复数。,3. 谓语动词的单复数视情况而定,(1)集体名词class，family，army，team，club，population，enemy，party，crowd，crew，audience， public，government，majority，group等作主语，强调整体时谓语动词用单数，指个体成员用复数。 The population in China _ very large and 80% of the population _ in rural areas. A is, lives B are, live C are, lives D is, live,D,(2)单复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语形式要， 这类词有：means，works，pains，deer， fish，sheep等根据其具体含义而定。 _ to solve the problem，but none is effective.每个方法都试过了 _ communicating with a stranger.有各种各样的 (3) “kind，sort，pair，type名词”作主语，以这些名词本身的单复数而定。 This kind of paper_(用草生产的). Some kinds of animals _(将要灭绝).,Every means has been tried,There are various means of,is made of straw,are dying out,(4) all，none，some，any等不定代词作主语，根据其指代的 内容而定。,所有的人都已经到位，一切就绪。 All _ and all _.,are here,is ready,(5) “of名词”作主语，谓语动词要和of之后的名词单复数 保持一致。,Most of the apple was eaten by a rat.,Most of the apples were rotten.,A professor, together with some foreign students, _ (be) sent to help in the work. No one but the teachers _ (be) the target reader of the book.,6.主语后有as well as, like, with, together with, but, except, besides,等，谓语应于前面主语保持一致,was,is,难点突围,1. 单数形式表示复数的情况： “no/each/every/many a单数名词andno/each/every/many a单数名词”作主语。 More than one+单数可数名词,No teacher and no student _(be) in the classroom.,Every pen and every book _ ( lay ) on the desk already.,has been laid,is,2. and并列的情况：,A. 由and连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念。谓语动词是复数形式。 Both bread and butter are sold out.,A hammer and a saw are useful tools.,锤子和锯子是有用的工具。 _,Whisky and soda is always his favorite drink.,B 用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体， 如bread and butter, knife and fork等做主语， 谓语动词用单数。,3. one of +复数名词+定语从句 the (only) one of +复数名词+定语从句,A. He is the only one of the students who _ (be) a winner of scholarship for three years. B. She is one of the few girls who_ (be) well paid in the kindergarten.,is,are,4. 主语从句后的谓语动词,1. Whatever was left _ (be )taken away. 2. What they need _ (be) books. 温馨提示 what引导的主语从句，谓语动词一般用单数形式，但若从句谓语或从句后的表语是复数形式，则谓语动词用复数形式。,was,are,1. On the wall_ two large portraits. A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging 2. “News of victories _ pouring in as our army advances,” the company commander said. A. keep B. keeps C. kept D. have kept 3. There _ a lot of milk in the bottle. A. are B. is C. were D. has 4. Zhangs family _ rather big, with twelve people in all. A. is B. are C. being D. was,BBBA,【历年高考题训练】,5. Nobody but Jane and Mary _ the secret. A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known 6 Listening to loud music at rock concerts caused hearing loss in some teenagers.（10湖南） A. is B. are C. has D. have 7Such poets as Shakespeare_ widely read，of whose works，however，some difficult to understand(10四川） Aare；are Bis；is Care；is Dis：are,BCA,8. Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who_ evening dress.（10全国2） A. wear B. wears C. has worn D. have worn 9. It is reported that many a new house at present in the disaster area. （10陕西） A. are being built B. were being built C. was being built D. is being built,BD,
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