小学英语考试实用的复习资料

小学英语考试实用的复习资料some /any肯定句：I have some toys in my bedroom.一般疑问句和否定句中：Do you have any brothers or sisters He doesnt have any pencils in his pencil case.表示建议、请求等：Would you like some juice Can I have some stamps祈使句Sit down, please. Dont open the door. Lets go to the park.一：学生易错词汇1. a, an的选择: 元音字母开头的单词用an，辅音字母开头的单词用a.2. am , is , are的选择: 单数用is , 复数用are. I 用 am , you 用 are.3. have , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物。单数用has , 复数用have. I ,you 用 have .4. there is, there are 的选择:表示某地有某物，某人。单数用there is , 复数用there are.5. some, any 的选择:肯定句用some, 疑问句和否定句用any.6. 疑问词的选择:what (什么) who (谁) where (哪里) whose (谁的) why(为什么)when(什么时候)which(哪一个)how old (多大) how many (多少)how much(多少钱)二：形容词比较级详解当我们需要对事物作出比较时，需要用到比较级。比较级的句子结构通常是：什么 + 动词be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than(比)+ 什么 ,如：Im taller and heavier than you. (我比你更高和更重。)An elephant is bigger than a tiger. (一只大象比一只老虎更大。)形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的，它的变化规则是： 一般的直接在词尾加er ，如 tall - taller , strong - stronger , 以e结尾的，直接加r ，如 fine finer , 以辅音字母加y结尾的，先改y为i再加er，如funny - funnier 双写最后的字母再加er，如big bigger, thin thinner ,hot hotter注意 比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。典型错误：My hair is longer than you.(我的头发比你更长。)比较的两者是我的头发、你(整个人)，那么比较的对象就没有可比性。应该改为：My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair.比较级专项练习: 一、从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子 heavy tall long big(1) How is the Yellow River(2) How is Mr Green Hes 175cm.(3) How are your feet I wear size 18.(4)How is the fish Its 2kg.三：动词过去式详解 动词的过去式的构成规则A、规则动词 一般直接在动词的后面加ed：如worked , learned , cleaned , visited以e结尾的动词直接加d：如lived , danced , used 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如study studied carry carried worry worried (注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类) 双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如stoppedB、不规则动词(此类词并无规则，须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式：sing sang ,eat ate ,see saw ,have had ,do did ,go went ,take took ,buy bought ,get got ,read read ,fly flew ,am/is was ,are were ,say said ,leave left ,swim swam ,tell told ,draw drew ,come came ,lose lost ,find found ,drink drank ,hurt hurt ,feel felt四：动词现在分词详解 动词的ing形式的构成规则 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating 以e 结尾的动词，要先去e再加ing，如having , writing 双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有：running , swimming , sitting , getting五：句型专项归类1、 肯定句：是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子，如：Im a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.2、否定句：含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子，如：Im not a student. She is not (isnt) a doctor.He does not (doesnt) work in a hospital. There are not (arent) four fans in our classroom.He will not (wont) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didnt) watch TV yesterday evening.注意 小结：否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 not。有动词be的句子则not加在be后面，可缩写成isnt，arent，但am not 一般都分开写。没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(do，does，did)，然后在它后面加上not，你也可以把它们缩写在一起如dont , doesnt , didnt )。这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择，其中does只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而did只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用did 。3、一般疑问句：是指询问事实的句子，此类句子必须用yes，或no来回答。如：Are you a student Yes, I am / No, Im not.Is she a doctor Yes, she is. / No, she isnt.Does he work in a hospital Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.Are there four fans in our classroom Yes, there are. / No, there arent.Are you going to buy a comic book tonight Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we arent.)Will he eat lunch at 12:00 Yes, I will. / No, I will not(wont).Are they swimming Yes, they are. / No, they arent.Did you watch TV yesterday evening Yes, I did. / No, I didnt.注意 小结：一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上，把动词be调到首位，其他照写，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词(do，does，did)再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择，其中does只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而did只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用did 。一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致，即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。4、特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么，不能用yes 、no来回答。如：What is this Its a computer.What does he do Hes a doctor.Where are you going Im going to Beijing.Who played football with you yesterday afternoon Mike.Which season do you like best Summer.When do you usually get up I usually get up at 6:30.Whose skirt is this Its Amys.Why do you like spring best Because I can plant trees.How are you Im fine. / Im happy.How did you go to Xinjiang I went to Xinjiang by train.其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问，如： how many(多少(数量), how much(多少(钱), how tall(多高), how long(多长), how big(多大), how heavy(多重)例句：How many pencils do you have I have three pencils.How many girls can you see I can see four girls.How many desks are there in your classroom There are 51.小结：how many 用来提问可数名词的数量，主要有以上三种句式搭配，How many + 名词复数 + do you have 你有多少How many + 名词复数 + can you see 你能看见多少How many + 名词复数 + are there 有多少