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话题话题38：创造发明：创造发明基础知识自测基础知识自测重点词汇讲练重点词汇讲练写作句型仿写写作句型仿写基础知识自测基础知识自测一、单词拓展一、单词拓展 (A)单词派生单词派生1._ vt.生产；制造生产；制造 _ n.产品；商品产品；商品 _ n.产量产量2._ v.冻结；凝固冻结；凝固 _ adj.冰冻的；严寒的冰冻的；严寒的freezingproduceproductproductionfreeze3._ v.鉴定鉴定;辨认辨认;确定确定 _ n.鉴定鉴定;辨认辨认;确定确定 _ n.身份身份;特性特性identity identifyidentification4._adj.方便的方便的;便利的便利的 _adj.不方便的不方便的;不便利的不便利的 _n.方便方便;便利便利convenienceconvenientinconvenient5._ adj.有能力的有能力的;胜任的胜任的 _ n.能力能力;胜任胜任;本领本领6._ vt.期望期望;预料预料 _ n.期望期望;预料预料expectationcompetentcompetenceexpect(B)灵活运用灵活运用 1.The _ of the new _ produced by that factory is increasing rapidly.(produce)1.第一空在冠词后用名词第一空在冠词后用名词,作主语作主语,表示表示“产量产量”;第二空第二空,作介词作介词of的宾语的宾语,表示表示“产品产品”;production product2.Thanks to the popularity of _ stores,we can buy daily necessities _.(convenient)2.第一空第一空,名词作定语名词作定语,表示表示“便利店便利店”是是convenience store;第二空是作状语第二空是作状语修饰谓语动词修饰谓语动词buy。convenienceconveniently3.His _ cannot _ because his _ card was lost.(identify)3.句意是：他的身份难以鉴定因为他句意是：他的身份难以鉴定因为他的身份证弄丢了。的身份证弄丢了。identitybe identifiedidentification4.It can _ that our _ can be achieved as long as we study harder.(expect)4.句意为句意为:可以预料可以预料:只要我们更加只要我们更加勤奋地学习勤奋地学习,我们的期望可以实现。我们的期望可以实现。be expectedexpectation5.With great _ for the job,he dealt with the difficult case _.(competent)5.作介词作介词with的宾语的宾语,competently副词充当状语。副词充当状语。competencecompetently1._ 给给打打电话电话2._ 挂断电话挂断电话3._ 回复电话回复电话4._ 偶尔偶尔;有时有时二、短语翻译二、短语翻译now and then call upring offring back5._ 开始开始;着手着手6._ 迅速把手伸入迅速把手伸入;一心投入一心投入7._ 开始开始(做做);着手着手8._ 不挂断不挂断;稍等稍等;紧紧握住紧紧握住hang on set aboutdive intoset out(to do)9._ 次序颠倒次序颠倒;发生故障发生故障10._ 设法联系上设法联系上(指打通电指打通电话话);(设法设法)做完做完;通过通过11._ 抓住抓住;利用利用12._ 在某人方在某人方便的时候便的时候at ones convenience out of orderget throughseize on/upon三、语篇填三、语篇填 空空 When I called up my mother in the countryside on the telephone she was very upset.“There are some snakes in our courtyard,”she 1 _(tell)me.“Snakes come near the house now and then Can you get rid of them please?”I felt very proud.Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself 2 _inventing something 3 _(mercy)that would catch snakes but not harm them.merciful by told I knew my parents would not like me 4 _(hurt)these living creatures!The first thing I did was to see if there were any products 5 _might help me,but there only seemed to be powders 6 _(design)to kill snakes.7 _ new approach was clearly needed.I set about 8 _(research)the habits of snakes to find the easiest way to trap them.9 _(lucky)these reptiles are small and that made the solution 10 _ (easy).easier LuckilyresearchingAdesignedthatto hurt1.told 用一般过去时，与前文的用一般过去时，与前文的called,was以及下文的以及下文的felt等时态一致。等时态一致。2.by 表示方式，意为表示方式，意为“通过做某事通过做某事”，用，用by doing sth.。3.merciful 指发明某种指发明某种“宽恕的宽恕的”东西，用东西，用形容词作定语修饰形容词作定语修饰something。4.to hurt 因因would not like sb.to do sth.(不不想要某人做某事想要某人做某事)是固定句式。是固定句式。5.that 引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，先引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，先行词是物，用行词是物，用which或或that，但本题先行词受，但本题先行词受any修饰，通常只用修饰，通常只用that。6.designed 因因powder与与design是被动是被动关系，故用过去分词短语作后置定语。关系，故用过去分词短语作后置定语。7.A 泛指泛指“一种一种”新的方法。新的方法。8.researching 介词后用动名词。介词后用动名词。9.Luckily 放在句首修饰全句，用副词放在句首修饰全句，用副词作状语。作状语。10.easier 暗含比套到体形大的动物暗含比套到体形大的动物“更容易更容易”找到方法。找到方法。四、短文改错四、短文改错 Prepared with some research findings,I decided on three possible approaches:firstly,removing their habitat;secondly,attracting them into a trap use male or female perfume or food;and thirdly cooling them so that they would become sleepy and could be easy caught.easilyusing I decided use the last one.I buy an ice-creammaker which was made from stainless steel.Between the outside and the inside walls of the bowl there are some jelly,that freezes when cooled.I put on the bowl into the fridgeand waited for 24 hour.At the same time we prepared some ice-cubes.I hours which is of bought to1.use using 用现在分词短语作状语，用现在分词短语作状语，表示方式。表示方式。2.easy easily 修饰动词用副词作状语。修饰动词用副词作状语。3.在在decided后加后加to 由由decide to do sth.可可知。知。4.buy bought 与上下文中的与上下文中的decided,was一致。一致。5.from of 由不锈钢制成，成品中应是由不锈钢制成，成品中应是看得出原料的，用看得出原料的，用of。6.are is 因因there be后的名词后的名词jelly(胶状胶状物物)是不可数名词是不可数名词(单数单数)，be用单数，一用单数，一般现在时用般现在时用is。7.that which 因因that不能引导非限制性不能引导非限制性定语从句。定语从句。8.去掉去掉put后的后的on 表示表示“将将放放入入里面里面”就是就是putinto。9.hour hours 二十四小时用复数。二十四小时用复数。10.we I 与上文人称一致。与上文人称一致。重点词汇讲练重点词汇讲练1.seize vt.抓住；夺；夺取抓住；夺；夺取例句例句 Pressed by my friends and relations，I decided to seize the opportunity to get recognition for my successful idea by sending my invention to the patent office.由于朋友由于朋友和亲戚的敦促，我决定抓住这次机会把我和亲戚的敦促，我决定抓住这次机会把我的发明送到专利局去，请他们对我这次成的发明送到专利局去，请他们对我这次成功的想法给予认可。功的想法给予认可。搭配搭配 seize an opportunitya chance抓住机会抓住机会seize sb.by the arm抓住某人的胳膊抓住某人的胳膊seize onupon sth.利用利用Seize sth from sb把某物从某人手中抢过把某物从某人手中抢过去去运用运用 根据汉语提示完成英文句子。根据汉语提示完成英文句子。His father asked him _ _(抓住时机抓住时机赚一些钱赚一些钱)The little boy_(抓住我的胳膊抓住我的胳膊)and asked me for help.(3)The critics _(抓住抓住)my mistake and said I was ignorant.to seize thechance to make some moneyseized me by the armseized on/upon2.bear vt.忍耐；经受住；负担忍耐；经受住；负担例句例句 I cannot bear the smell of burnt sausage on the barbecue.我我无法忍受烤架上香肠烤糊的气味。无法忍受烤架上香肠烤糊的气味。bear doing sth./to do sth.忍受忍受做做bear that忍受；忍耐忍受；忍耐bear sth.in mind 牢记牢记bear the responsibility/the blame承担责任承担责任/承受责备承受责备搭配搭配说明说明 bear作作“忍受忍受”讲时，其后接讲时，其后接动名词作宾语，表示习惯性的动作，动名词作宾语，表示习惯性的动作，多与多与can，could，be able to连用。也连用。也可接不定式作宾语，表示某一次具体可接不定式作宾语，表示某一次具体的动作。的动作。运用运用 用所给词的正确形式填用所给词的正确形式填 空。空。I _(listen)any longer，so I left the room.I cant bear_(keep)waiting.You must bear it _(mind)that your parents hope to depend on you to become a doctor.in mindcouldnt bear to listenbeing kept原句原句 Although he is most often associated with the invention of the telephone,.尽管他常常与他发明尽管他常常与他发明的电话联系在一起的电话联系在一起,(B8 P26)3.associate vt.联想联想;联系联系 n.同伴同伴;伙伴伙伴例句例句 Everybody wants to be associated with something special.每个人都希望有些特每个人都希望有些特别的事情在自己身上发生。别的事情在自己身上发生。搭配搭配 associatewith 把把和和联联系系在一起在一起be associated with 与与有关有关 associate with sb.与某人交往与某人交往;打交道打交道派生派生 association n.协会协会,社团社团;联合联合 运用运用 根据汉语意思完成或翻译句子。根据汉语意思完成或翻译句子。提起杭州提起杭州,人们就会想到西湖人们就会想到西湖。People always _ _.我不想同那个社团有任何瓜葛我不想同那个社团有任何瓜葛。I dont want to _ _.associate Hangzhouwith West Lakethat associationbe associated with原句原句 They abruptly disappeared into a convenient hole in the wall.它们突然消失它们突然消失在墙边就近的一个洞里。在墙边就近的一个洞里。(B8 P20)4.convenient adj.方便的方便的;便利的便利的例句例句 Trains can be crowded,but I do think it will be the most convenient way for you to travel.坐火车会很拥挤，但是我认为对坐火车会很拥挤，但是我认为对你们来说，这将会是最方便的旅行方式。你们来说，这将会是最方便的旅行方式。搭配搭配 It is convenient to sb.对某人来说很方便对某人来说很方便It is convenient for sb.to do sth.对某人对某人来说做某事是方便的来说做某事是方便的for convenience为方便起见为方便起见at ones convenience在某人方便的时候在某人方便的时候运用运用 将下列中文句子翻译成英文。将下列中文句子翻译成英文。电视不仅是一种方便的娱乐来源，电视不仅是一种方便的娱乐来源，而且也是相对（而且也是相对（comparatively）便宜）便宜的一种。的一种。Television is not only a convenient source of entertainment,but a comparatively cheap one.你方便明天开始上班吗你方便明天开始上班吗?Will it be convenient for you to start work tomorrow?原句原句 Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing something这回我有机会表现一下自这回我有机会表现一下自己了己了(B8 P20)5.distinguish vt.区分区分;辨别辨别;使杰出使杰出,使表现突出使表现突出例句例句 I must distinguish myself from other people.我一定要出人头地。我一定要出人头地。搭配搭配 联想联想 tell the differences between and=tellfrom 把把与与区分开区分开 distinguish betweenand把把和和区分开来区分开来distinguishfrom辨别（辨别（与与的不同）；使的不同）；使有别于有别于distinguish oneself使自己表现突出使自己表现突出运用运用 根据汉语意思翻译句子。根据汉语意思翻译句子。学生应该学会明辨是非。学生应该学会明辨是非。Students should learn to distinguish right from wrong.沉迷电脑游戏使很多人分不清什么沉迷电脑游戏使很多人分不清什么是生活，什么是游戏。是生活，什么是游戏。Addiction to computer games _.makes it hard for many people to distinguish between life and games6now and then偶尔；有时偶尔；有时例句例句 I get a strange feeling about this now and then.我时常对这有一种奇怪我时常对这有一种奇怪的感觉。的感觉。表示表示“有时；偶尔有时；偶尔”的常用短语还的常用短语还有：有：every now and then，from time to time，at times，once in a while，on occasion等。等。运用运用 根据汉语意思完成或翻译句子。根据汉语意思完成或翻译句子。进入高三以后我们还是偶尔见面，进入高三以后我们还是偶尔见面，但不像以前那么经常了。但不像以前那么经常了。We _ in Senior Three but not _ we _ used to see each other now and thenas often as 他时常因为自己没能抓住成功他时常因为自己没能抓住成功的机遇而后悔。的机遇而后悔。Now and then he regretted not seizing on the opportunity of success7call up给给打电话打电话(telephone)；使回忆起使回忆起(recall)例句例句 When I called up my mother in the countryside on the telephone she was upset当我给乡下的母亲打电话当我给乡下的母亲打电话时，她正感到很心烦。时，她正感到很心烦。call back回电话回电话;产品产品(召回召回)call on拜访（人）；号召拜访（人）；号召call at拜访（某地）拜访（某地）call for需要；呼吁需要；呼吁call in请来；找来请来；找来call off取消取消ring up给给打电话打电话ring back回电话回电话运用运用 用恰当的介词或副词填空。用恰当的介词或副词填空。This is the work that calls _ much patience Human Rights groups are calling _the release of political prisoners He had to call _ the meeting because of the bad weatherforforoff Ill call _ him tomorrowDo you want to visit him with me?The company has called _ all such models built in 1990The government then called _ troops to deal with the disturbances The old photo calls _ memories of my childhoodup onbackin原句原句 I set about researching the habits of snakes to find the easiest way to trap them.我着手研究蛇的我着手研究蛇的习性以便能找到最容易的方法捉住习性以便能找到最容易的方法捉住它们。它们。(B8P20)8.set about着手着手;开始做开始做例句例句 He knows how to set about doing these things.他知道怎样着手做他知道怎样着手做这些事情。这些事情。说明说明 set about doing=set out to do 着手做着手做运用运用 根据汉语意思完成英文句子。根据汉语意思完成英文句子。我们以极大的热情立即着手这项任我们以极大的热情立即着手这项任务。务。We _ at once_ 我们着手打扫房子。我们着手打扫房子。We _ the houseset about cleaning/set out to cleanset about our task with great enthusiasm 9hang on别挂断；稍等；紧紧别挂断；稍等；紧紧握住（握住（+to）例句例句 Hang on,please!请别挂请别挂断断!hang on to 抓紧抓紧hang up 挂断电话挂断电话get the hang of 了解，熟悉；掌握了解，熟悉；掌握搭配搭配 联想联想 ring off挂断电话挂断电话 运用运用 根据汉语提示完成英文句子。根据汉语提示完成英文句子。(1)_(抓紧那根绳子抓紧那根绳子)；dont let it go.(2)The line was engaged and the operator asked if _(我愿意等一下我愿意等一下)(3)Its difficult for a beginner to_(掌握掌握)English idioms.get the hang of Hang on to the ropeId like to hang on 10.get through 通过通过;做完做完;接通电话接通电话(设法联系上设法联系上)原句原句 I cant get through.我打不通。我打不通。(B8 P26)例句例句 I couldnt get through to my mother yesterday.昨天我给我母亲没昨天我给我母亲没有打通电话。有打通电话。比较比较 go through经历经历;经受经受;审查审查;浏览浏览运用运用 朗读并指出下列句中划线部分朗读并指出下列句中划线部分的汉语意思。的汉语意思。We managed to get through the forest with his help.(_)通过、穿过通过、穿过 When I get through with my work,I will join you.(_)Tom got through in the examination.(_)通过通过(考试考试)完成完成 I rang you several times but couldnt get through.（_）打通打通(电话电话)The train failed to get through in time because of the floods.（）到达到达写作句型仿写写作句型仿写1.Onlycan you 只有只有你才你才能能原句原句 Only after you have had that recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor.只有你得到这种承认只有你得到这种承认,你才可你才可以说是一个真正的发明家。以说是一个真正的发明家。(B8 P21)例句例句 Only after my friend came was the computer repaired.只有我朋友来了只有我朋友来了之后之后,电脑才被修好。电脑才被修好。仿写仿写 只有抓住今天只有抓住今天,才能赢得明天。才能赢得明天。Only when you seize today _ tomorrow.只有用这种方法，我们才能够积极而只有用这种方法，我们才能够积极而有效地学习。有效地学习。Only in this way can we learn actively and effectively.can you win原句原句 The patent was given in 1876,but it was not until five days later that Bell sent his first telephone message to his assistant Watson.这项专利是这项专利是1876年年发布的发布的,但是贝尔是在五天以后才跟他的但是贝尔是在五天以后才跟他的助手华生通了第一次电话助手华生通了第一次电话。(B8 P25)2.It was not until.that直到直到才才例句例句 It was not until the next day that I learned about the truth.直到第二天直到第二天,我才明白事我才明白事情的真相。情的真相。仿写仿写 根据汉语意思完成或翻译下列句根据汉语意思完成或翻译下列句子。子。只有等我们有了孩子才会知道为人只有等我们有了孩子才会知道为人父母的无私付出和艰辛。父母的无私付出和艰辛。_we know _ and hardships of our parentsthe selfless devotionIt is not until we have kids that 直到直到1454年欧洲才印刷了第一本年欧洲才印刷了第一本书。书。It was not until 1454 that the first book was printed in Europe.3.祈使句祈使句+and+陈述句陈述句 如果如果，就会，就会 祈使句祈使句+or+陈述句陈述句 如果如果否则否则 例句例句 Hang on and you will succeed sooner or later.坚持住，你迟早会坚持住，你迟早会成功的。成功的。说明说明 前后是顺承关系用前后是顺承关系用and，是转折关，是转折关系则用系则用or连接。祈使句相当于一个条件状连接。祈使句相当于一个条件状语从句。语从句。仿写仿写 翻译下列各句，每句至少有三种翻译下列各句，每句至少有三种译法。译法。如果你更加努力学习，你就会成功。如果你更加努力学习，你就会成功。Work harder and youll succeed.=If you work harder,youll succeed.=Working harder,youll succeed.如果你不刻苦学习，你就会考如果你不刻苦学习，你就会考试不及格。试不及格。Study hard,or youll fail in your exams.=If you dont study hard,youll fail in your exams.=Youll fail in your exams unless you study hard.Thank You!谢谢观看
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