研究生综合英语答案

Unit One Key 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-Task 1Choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the sentence.(P.15)ACCBDDCAVocabulary in Action BDDApublicc1.Details of the highly sensitive information have not been made _.2.Working at home requires a good deal of _.3.He never ceased to be amazed by her physical _.4.The article made no _ to previous research on the subject.5.The great _ of our plan lies in its simplicity.6.The palace and its grounds are open to the _ during the summer months.7.Supporters _ outside the courtroom during the trial.Task 2Read the words and their explanations in the box in page 16.Choose a word to complete each of the sentences below and explain its meaning.Change the form if necessary.disciplinebstrengthareferenceastrengthdpublicademonstratedbVocabulary in Action 8.I didnt enjoy studying PhilosophyI found it too much of a theoretical _.9.Ask your teacher to act as one of your _.10.He said he left the company because of a _ clash with the director.11.Different cultures have different ways of _ their children.12.The study _ the link between poverty and malnutrition.13.The disclosure of the information will not be a criminal offence if it can be shown that it was in the _ interest.14.The book will become a standard work of _.15.Its partly the architecture which gives the town its _.disciplinecreferencescpersonalityadiscipliningddemonstrates apublicdreferencebpersonalitycVocabulary in Action Task 3Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word from the box.Change the form if necessary.(P17)Vocabulary in Action prioritize cite pay teamwork credit demonstrate setting adjust rule discourage pursuit employmentThe independence-versus-interdependence issue has been written about regularly and is often introduced as the major issue separating the two worlds of scientific 1)_:academic and industrial.For decades,academia has 2)_lip service to the idea of collaboration,but the incentive-and-reward system has been slow to 3)_.employmentpaidadjustDespite the widespread interest in collaboration and its obvious value in an academic 4)_,collaboration remains informal and is actually 5)_ by the tenure process,in which scholars are penalized for sharing 6)_ for their work with others.Vocabulary in Action prioritize cite pay teamwork credit demonstrate setting adjust rule discourage pursuit employmentsettingdiscouragedcreditLarge-scale academic collaboration has taken place successfully in the past;the Manhattan Project and contemporaneous radar research,and numerous experimental particle physics projects,to 7)_ just a few examples,are not perhaps academic in the purest sense,but they 8)_ that academic scientists can play well with others.More recently,new systems biology studies are bringing a sense of 9)_ into academic life science labs,but there have been some growing pains.Still,in most of academic scienceincluding the life sciencethe lone wolf still 10)_.Vocabulary in Action prioritize cite pay teamwork credit demonstrate setting adjust rule discourage pursuit employmentteamworkdemonstrateciterulesTranslate the following paragraphs into Chinese.Pay particular attention to the adverbial clauses.Paragraph One“Business happens 24/7/365,which means that competition happens 24/7/365,as well,”says Haut.“One way that companies win is by getting there faster,which means that you not only have to mobilize all of the functions that support a business to move quickly,but you have to know how to decide where there is!This creates a requirement not only for people who can act quickly,but for those who can think fast with the courage to act on their convictions.This needs to run throughout an organization and is not exclusive to management.”Translation for Reference:“一年一年365 365 天，一周天，一周7 7 天，一天天，一天24 24 小时，生意始终在进行，小时，生意始终在进行，那意味着那意味着一年一年365 365 天，一周天，一周7 7 天，一天天，一天24 24 小时，竞争也同小时，竞争也同样在进行，样在进行，”豪特说，豪特说，“公司取胜的公司取胜的方法之一就是要更快方法之一就是要更快地到达地到达目的地目的地！这就是说这就是说，你不仅要把，你不仅要把所有能支持公所有能支持公司快速运转的司快速运转的功能都调动起来，而且还得知道如何决定功能都调动起来，而且还得知道如何决定目的地目的地是哪里。这样，不仅对是哪里。这样，不仅对那些行动快速的那些行动快速的人们，人们，也对也对那些思维敏捷，并有勇气按自己的想法行事的那些思维敏捷，并有勇气按自己的想法行事的人们都人们都提出了要求。这需要全公司各部门的运作，而不仅仅是管提出了要求。这需要全公司各部门的运作，而不仅仅是管理部门的工作。理部门的工作。”Paragraph Two Lastly,professional status encompasses adherence to ethical standards.Most lawyers find self worth in setting an exampleboth within the profession and within the larger societyas ethical actors.When management affirms the special respect due to lawyers who act with the utmost integrity and civility in all of their professional dealings,it provides yet another form of compensation.Paragraph Two最后，职业地位包含对职业标准的遵守。很多律师通过在行最后，职业地位包含对职业标准的遵守。很多律师通过在行业内外把自己塑造成一个具有良好职业道德的典范来找到自业内外把自己塑造成一个具有良好职业道德的典范来找到自我价值。我价值。对那些在所有职业行为中都表现出极度正直和谦逊对那些在所有职业行为中都表现出极度正直和谦逊有礼有礼的律师们来说，当管理阶层对他们理应受到的特别尊重的律师们来说，当管理阶层对他们理应受到的特别尊重表示肯定时，便又获得了另一种形式的精神报酬。表示肯定时，便又获得了另一种形式的精神报酬。Unit TwoTask 1Choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the sentence.(P46)Vocabulary in Action Key 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-ABBCBABCACTask 21.budA.A blossom develops from a _.B.In this poem,the _ flower means youth.2.accessA.The only _ to that ancient castle is along a muddy track.B.Users can _ their voice mail remotely.3.tasteA.The medicine had a slightly bitter _.B.There was a lot of hard work before we first _ success.Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate form of the word given and explain its meaning.(P47)Vocabulary in Action bud(n.)budding(adj.)access(n.)access(v.)taste(n.)taste(v.)4.foolA.Katherine was nobodys _ when it came to money.B.Its no good _ yourself.Hes not coming back.5.produceA.The factory _ an incredible 100 cars per hour.B.We sell tinned goods and local _.6.garnishA.They _ the room with modern paintings.B.The chicken was served with _of parsley and green onion.7.reignA.The Queen _ but does not rule.B.The kings _ lasted for 30 years.Vocabulary in Action fool(n.)fooling(n.)produces(v.)produces(n.)garnish(v.)garnishes(n.)reigns(v.)reign(n.)8.concernA.Environmental protection is a growing _ in China.B.He loved his wife,and _ for her happiness.9.nameA.The building is _ after a successful entrepreneur.B.Could I call you by your first _?10.practiceA.Ive_ playing the piano for five years.B.It is his_ to take a walk after dinner every evening.Vocabulary in Action concern(n.)concerned(v.)named(v.)name(n.)practiced(v.)practice(n.)Task 3Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word from the box.Change the form if necessary.Vocabulary in Action masterpiece integrate partake steam choiceamaze pleasure present aspire handintegrationchoicehandedaspiringsteamingVocabulary in Action masterpiecespleasurepartakeamazingpresentedmasterpiece integrate partake steam choiceamaze pleasure present aspire handTranslate the following paragraphs into Chinese.Paragraph One The decline goes well beyond recent surveys that show growing complaints about mediocre quality and high pricesno small concern in a country where tourisme gastronomique earned 18 billion euros in 2002,a quarter of all tourist revenues.More and more restaurateurs say that government tax and economic policies are limiting their profits,and thereby hurting their capacity to invest and hire more staff.They have become ensnarred in the red tape for which France is infamousnot to mention edicts from Brussels that affect everything from sales taxes to the bacteria in the Brie.Translation for Reference:最近的调查显示越来越多的人抱怨饭菜质量平平，价格昂贵，而法国烹饪的衰落还不止于此。这在法国可不是个小问题，要知道2002年美食旅游为法国创收180 亿欧元，占到全部旅游收入的1/4。越来越多的餐馆老板反映政府的税收和经济政策限制了他们的利润，也就影响了他们投资和雇佣更多人手的能力。束缚他们手脚的是令法国不那么光彩的繁琐拖拉的公事程序，更不要说那些来自欧盟的规定，从销售税到布里乳酪里含细菌的指标统统都在严格的掌控之中。Paragraph Two Zhejiang cuisine is light and exquisite,and is typical of food from along the lower Yangtze River.One famous dish is West Lake Vinegar Fish,which looks pretty and has the delicate refreshing flavors of nature.Many Chinese restaurants in China,as well as other parts of the world,serve this dish,but often the flavor is less authentic compared to that found in Hangzhou,capital of Zhejiang Province,which has unique access to the fish and water of West Lake.Translation for Reference:浙江菜口味清淡，精致玲珑，是长江下游区域菜肴的代表。西湖醋鱼是其中的一道名菜。这道菜鲜美，酥嫩，带着自然的清香。中国乃至世界各地的中餐馆大都能找得到这道菜，但口味往往不及在浙江杭州吃得那般纯正。因为只有杭州拥有来自西湖的鱼和水。Unit Three Key 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-Task 1Choose the sentence in which the underlined word has the closest meaning to the underlined word in the sentence quoted from the passage.(P.75)ABABBBCAVocabulary in Action Task 21)How does our product _ those of our competitors?2)Mr.Jenkins arguments for stability _ with Europes two most powerful politicians.Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate phrase from the box.Change the form if necessary.(P76)stack up againststruck a chordstack up againstpull offchop off thrust upon fade awayturn outappeal toamount to keep clear of strike a chord bring togetherpick up on Vocabulary in Action 3)The court decided that the companys actions _ unfair dismissal.4)You could improve the tree by _ some of the upper branches.5)It includes tips on how to write for kids and why certain stories _ different ages.6)He has learned to _ his superiors moods and act accordingly.amounted tochopping offstack up againstpull off chop off thrust upon fade awayturn outappeal toamount to keep clear of strike a chord bring together pick up on appeal topick up onVocabulary in Action 7)As it _,he passed the exam quite easily.8)Sympathy for the rebels,the government claims,is beginning to _.9)We _ researchers from three different universities to work on the project.turned outfaded awaystack up againstpull off chop off thrust upon fade awayturn outappeal toamount to keep clear of strike a chord bring togetherpick up onbrought togetherVocabulary in Action 10)This is the most delicate deal that weve ever _:we have reason to be proud of ourselves.11)Ive had three of the neighbors children _ me for the afternoon.12)All exits must _ baggage.pulled offthrust onstack up againstpull off chop off thrust upon fade awayturn outappeal toamount to keep clear of strike a chord bring together pick up on be kept clear ofVocabulary in Action Task 3Read the excerpt from the Harry Potter books,then fill in the ten blanks.(P77)Key 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-swirlingdeliveredglowed intervalsconvergewanderingsnavigatejealousypresenceabsorbedVocabulary in Action Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.Pay particular attention to the adverbial clauses.Paragraph One Whatever the explanation,the idea of a work-life balance is a staple of European discourse,studied in think tanks,mulled over by policymakers.In the US,the term,when its used at all,is said with the sort of sneer reserved for those who eat quiche.But it might still catch on.When Bill Keller was named executive editor of the New York Times last week,he encouraged the staff to do“a little more savoring”of life,spending time with their families or viewing art.Translation for Reference:不管如何解释不管如何解释，工作与生活的平衡总是欧洲人，工作与生活的平衡总是欧洲人的的主主要谈资，同时也是智囊团和要谈资，同时也是智囊团和政策制定者政策制定者研究和考虑研究和考虑的主题。在美国，人们使用这个说法时总是带着几的主题。在美国，人们使用这个说法时总是带着几分针对那些吃蛋奶火腿分针对那些吃蛋奶火腿馅饼馅饼的有闲的有闲人人士才会表现出士才会表现出来的冷嘲热讽的态度。但是，它可能还来的冷嘲热讽的态度。但是，它可能还是是会流行起会流行起来的。来的。时任时任纽约时报纽约时报执行主编的比尔执行主编的比尔 凯勒曾凯勒曾鼓励员工们要给生活增加一些色彩，多陪陪家人或鼓励员工们要给生活增加一些色彩，多陪陪家人或去欣赏艺术。去欣赏艺术。Paragraph Two P.L.Travers,the author of the Mary Poppins books,put it best when she wrote,“You do not chop off a section of your imaginative substance and make a book specifically for children,for if you are honestyou have,in fact,no idea where childhood ends and maturity begins.It is all endless and all one.”There is plenty for children and adults to enjoy in Rowlings books,starting with their language.Her prose may be unadorned,but her way with naming people and things reveals a quirky and original talent.Translation for Reference:欢乐满人间欢乐满人间的作者帕梅拉的作者帕梅拉林登林登特拉弗斯概括特拉弗斯概括得精辟之极。她写到，得精辟之极。她写到，“你不能把你想象的东西你不能把你想象的东西砍掉一部分然后写成一本专给孩子看的书，坦白砍掉一部分然后写成一本专给孩子看的书，坦白地说，因为事实上你根本无从知道童年究竟是什地说，因为事实上你根本无从知道童年究竟是什么时候结束的而成人期又是什么时候开始的。它么时候结束的而成人期又是什么时候开始的。它们互相连接、浑然一体。们互相连接、浑然一体。”在罗琳的书中，从语在罗琳的书中，从语言开始，就有足够多的让大人和孩子都喜欢的东言开始，就有足够多的让大人和孩子都喜欢的东西。也许她的文风朴实，但是她给人和物命名的西。也许她的文风朴实，但是她给人和物命名的方式显示了独特的原创才能。方式显示了独特的原创才能。Unit Four Key 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-Task 1Choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the underlined word or phrase in the sentence.(P107)AACBBCDCVocabulary in Action ACTask 21.The two countries have always _ close relations.2.When were together,all he talks about is business.I wish he were more _.3.The museum is closed while _ repairs are being carried out.4.She had packed two cases with clothes,towels and other _.5.His coaching has added another _ to my game.Read the words and their explanations in the box.Choose a word to complete each of the sentences below and explain its meaning.Change the form if necessary.(P107)maintained(a)romantic(a)Vocabulary in Action maintain,intimate,essential,defy,dimension,romanticessential(a)essentials(c)dimension(c)6.Were not on _ terms with our neighbours.7.He _ that the money was donated for international purposes.8.The beauty of the scene _ description.9.He _ his wishes with a slight nod of his head.10.Computers design tools that work in three _.intimate(a)maintains(c)defies(b)intimated(d)Vocabulary in Action dimensions(a)11.This was the first time that I dared to _ my mother.12.The castle is set in one of Englands most _ landscapes.13.I did not realize the _ of the problem.14.Her income was barely enough to _ one child,let alone three.15.He surprised me with his _ knowledge of Kierkegaard and Schopenhauer.defy(a)romantic(b)dimensions(b)Vocabulary in Action maintain(d)intimate(c)Vocabulary in Action Task 3Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word from the box.Change the form if necessary.1)2)3)4)5)6)7)8)9)10)prerequisitedaterespectimportantwhomevercandidateshighlyessentialsuitablesufficientTranslate the following paragraphs into Chinese.Pay particular attention to the adverbial clauses.Paragraph OneMuch research shows that the quality of care infants receive affects how they later get along with friends,how well they do in school,how they react to new and possibly stressful situations,and how they form and maintain loving relationships as adults.It is for these reasons that peoples early intimate relationships within their family of origin are so critical.Children who are raised in impersonal environments(orphanages,some foster homes,or unloving families)show emotional and social underdevelopment,language and motor skills retardation,and mental health problems.Translation for Reference:Paragraph One很多研究发现婴儿获得关爱的质量会影响到他们以后的交友，在学校的表现，如何应对陌生的或可能充满压力的情况，以及他们成年后如何建立并且维系情感连系。正是因为这些原因，人们与家庭成员的早期亲密关系才如此至关重要。在人情冷漠的环境中（如孤儿院，某些寄养家庭，缺乏关爱的家庭）长大的孩子会出现情感和社会性发育不良，语言和运动技能迟缓，以及精神健康问题。Paragraph Two What attracts individuals to each other in the first place?Many people believe that“theres one person out there that one is meant for”and that destiny will bring them together.Such beliefs are romantic but unrealistic.Empirical studies show that cultural norms and values,not fate,bring people together.We will never meet millions of potential lovers because they are“filtered out”by formal or informal rules on partner eligibility due to factors such as age,race,distance,social class,religion,sexual orientation,health,or physical appearance.Translation for Reference:一开始让人相互吸引的是什么？许多人相信“世上有一个人是你为之而生的”，而且命运会将你俩带到一起。这样的想法很浪漫却不现实。实证研究发现，是文化标准和价值观而非命运，将人们连系在一起。我们错过了成千上万的可能的爱人，因为他们早就被正式的或非正式的挑选理想爱人的准则筛选出局，这些准则包括年龄、种族、地域、社会阶层、宗教、性倾向、健康状况或外表。Unit Five Key 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12Task 1Choose the sentence in which the underlined word has the closest meaning to the underlined word in the sentence quoted from the passage.(P135)BDCBCABDVocabulary in Action CACD Task 21.master mastery masterpieceA.Its one of the greatest _of Western art.B.I never quite _ the art of walking in high heels.C.He doesnt have _ of the basic rules of grammar.Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word from each group.Change the form if necessary.Some words may be used more than once.(P136)masterpiecesmasteredVocabulary in Action mit commission commitmentA.He has clearly _his government to continuing down the path of economic reform.B.You can _ them to paint something especially for you.C.She doesnt want to make a big emotional _ to Steve at the moment.3.execute executive executionA.Franklin is in charge of _ the companys reorganization plan.B.The solicitors are proceeding with the _ of her mothers will.C.He sits on the _ committee that manages the mittedcommissioncommitmentexecutingVocabulary in Action executionexecutive4.present presentation representA.Bears Cafe needs to pay more attention to _ and taste.B.The goddess is _ as a woman with cows horns.C.The sword was _ by the family to the museum.D.Were you _ when the news was announced?presentationrepresentedpresentedVocabulary in Action present5.innovator inventor investorA.The patent lists six _ who worked on the system.B.Foreign _ have shown considerable interest in the venture.C.Caesar planned vast projects and emerged as a great military _.inventorsinvestorsinnovators6.breath breathe breathless breathtakingA.We had to stop for _ before we got to the top.B.She lay awake listening to her sisters steady _.C.The banks new on-line service is still growing at a _ pace.D.I was a little _ and my heartbeat was bumpy and fast.breathbreathingbreathtakingVocabulary in Action breathless7.physical physiological psychologicalA.The emotional and _ strain of the previous day had left him exhausted.B.The drug produced no obvious _ response.C.Robyns loss of memory is a _ problem,rather than a physical one.physicalphysiologicalpsychological8.routine disciplineA.Martial arts teach respect,_,and cooperation.B.We are trying to get the baby into a _of feeding and sleeping.C.You must _ yourself to finish your work on time.disciplineroutinedisciplineVocabulary in Action 9.perform perfect practice properA.Youre getting betteryou just need a little more _.B.The new drug has _well in tests.C.Gemma spent hours trying to _ her technique.D.In those days it was not thought entirely _ for a woman to be on the stage.practiceperformedperfectproper10.resistance reaction response reconciliationA.The decision provoked an angry _ from local residents.B.It took hours of negotiations to bring about a _ between the two sides.C.The demonstrators offered little or no _ to the police.D.There has been no _ to his remarks from the government.reactionreconciliationresistanceVocabulary in Action responseTask 3Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word or phrase from the box.Change the form if necessary.Key 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-writtenpracticedadapted fundamentalsouldescribedmentalstate of beingpicturedexercisesVocabulary in Action controlexperiencesinlcudingindividualsmedicalTranslate the following paragraphs into Chinese.Pay particular attention to the adverbial clauses.Yoga routines can take anywhere from 20 minutes to two or more hours,with one hour being a good time investment to perform a sequence of postures and a meditation.Some yoga routines,depending on the teacher and school,can be as strenuous as the most difficult workout,and some routines merely stretch and align the body while the breath and heart rate are kept slow and steady.Yoga achieves its best results when it is practiced as a daily discipline,and yoga can be a life-long exercise routine,offering deeper and more challenging positions as a practitioner becomes more adept.The basic positions can increase a persons strength,flexibility and sense of well-being almost immediately,but it can take years to perfect and deepen them,which is an appealing and stimulating aspect of yoga for many.Translation for Reference:做瑜伽没有场地的限制，一套瑜伽动作通常需要20 分钟到两个小时或者更多的时间，而一个小时左右的时间则是一系列动作和冥想的最佳选择。根据瑜伽师和学派的不同，一些瑜伽动作做起来辛苦异常，而另一些却只是在呼吸和心跳平稳的情况下调整和伸展肢体。每天练习瑜伽会达到最好的效果，随着动作越来越熟练，你就可以加大强度和难度这样瑜伽就能成为你相伴终生的日常锻炼方式了。练习基础的瑜伽动作即可收到增强力量，改善柔韧性并使人感到舒适的效果，但要想达到完美和高深的境界还是需要日积月累的练习，这也是瑜伽吸引人的地方之一。