汉英翻译练习 20段

1过年在从前的农业社会里，中国人最重要的节日就是过年。对过去的一年来说，这是 结束；对未来的一年来说，这是开始。一进入腊月，街头巷尾就充满了过年的 气氛，这种气氛要持续一个半月之久。大家不仅借着各种游乐节目来调剂一年来 的辛劳，同时也在游乐中流露着一种乐观进取的精神。过年时，每家门上都贴上 了春联，耀眼的红纸增加了人们的喜气，优美的字句提供了勉励。Spring FestivalIn Chinas formerly agricultural society, Spring Festival was the most important holiday. It was the end of the previous year and the beginning of the next. When the twelfth month of the lunar year began, the happiness of new-year celebration pervaded the streets for a month and a half. People sought relief from the previous years scrolls were put on the doors of every family in Spring Festival: the shiny red scrolls increasing happiness and the rhythmic words giving encouragement.2亚欧合作中国有句古话：“相知无远近，万里尚为邻”。中国与亚洲各国山水相连，共同 铸就了灿烂的亚洲文明；古老而美丽的“丝绸之路”，谱写了中欧千年往来的美 好篇章。中国与亚欧各国的互利合作正在步入下一个全新的阶段。中国将致力于 同亚欧各国发展富有活力和长期稳定的全面合作关系，与亚欧各国相互支持，携 手前进，共创美好未来。Euro-Asian CooperationIn China, there is an old saying, “Long distances never separate close friends. Linked and intertwined by mountains and rivers, China and other Asian countries have helped to build a splendid Asian civilization. The ancient Silk Road recorded great chapters in the history of exchange between China and Europe in previous millennia. Now, China and other Asian countries as well as European countries have marched into a brand-new ear of cooperation and mutual benefit. China will devote itself to building dynamic, stable, and long-term cooperation in various fields across Asia and Europe and marching forward, with other countries on the two continents, in a concerted effort to attain a brighter future.3四合院中国旧时家庭重视家庭成员间的长幼有序和伦理观念，其住宅为了适应这种需要 建成了四合院。在高高的基地上，中间是正房，两边是厢房。房屋的分配按辈分 的大小来决定，长辈住正房，晚辈住厢房。富贵人家的房屋也是四合院，只是院 落较多而已。宫廷和寺庙，院落更大，一道一道地进去，更使人有种庄严高贵的 感觉。随着时代的演变，现在中国都市里的房屋很多已经西化了，虽然住进了一 排排的公寓，但是他们生活的方式仍然保持着过去的优良传统。Quadrangle CourtyardQuadrangle courtyards were designed by the Chinese to meet the needs both of ancient family hierarchy and of concepts of civil ethics. The principal room in the courtyard is located in the middle, on a high foundation with wing-rooms on both sides. These rooms were distributed according to seniority in the family, with the elders living in the principal rooms and the juniors in the wing-rooms. The rich family used the same style of home with more rooms, which corresponded with the wealth of family. Even Chinese palaces and temples boast huge courtyards. To be entered one by one, and designed to fill the entrants with a sense of solemnity and nobleness. With the change of the times, many houses in Chinese cities have become westernized. Though living in the apartments, the Chinese still preserve their good traditional ways of living.4文化沙漠有人把香港说成是“文化沙漠”。实际上，香港有着其独特的文化氛围。这座城 市特殊的历史和地理因素造就了一种多样化的文化。香港的电影制作名列世界前 茅。其流行歌曲在全球华人中有着广泛的影响，而且还有八所知名的大学。每 年一度由政府主办的艺术嘉年华为当地艺术家展示其独创性提供了一个广阔的 平台，并鼓励更多人参与文化艺术创作，为中国的文化繁荣作出了许多创新和突 破。Cultural DesertHong Kong is called by some people a “cultural desert. As a matter of fact, Hong Kong enjoys a unique cultural setting. The diversified culture of Hong Kong can be attributed to its special history and location. In terms of film-making, it ranks among the top locations in the world, and its pop songs have had an extensive influence among Chinese globally. Moreover, there are also eight well-known universities in Hong Kong. An annual art carnival hosted by the government has provided a broad stage for local artists to exhibit their originality and encouraged more people to get involved in the production of cultural and art works, thus fostering innovation and breakthrough for the prosperity of Chinese culture.5婚姻中国人称结婚为中国大事，国为中国人的家庭观念很重，认为齐家是治国的根 本。中国感人不断告诉读书人，要想替国家做事，必须先把家庭治理好。中国 人不仅把婚姻看成一男一女的结合，还把它当作社会的基础，是很庄重的事，一 点也不能马虎。旧式的中国婚姻，并不是自己选择，而是由家长做主，还需要媒 人的介绍。到了现代，婚姻由自己做主，但是仍要征求家长同意。MarriageChinese people define marriage as a lifelong event, because they have a strong family ideal, with the belief that running a good family is the foundation for running the country. Chinese ancients kept warning scholars that they should run their families well before they could work for the country. Therefore, Chinese people regard marriage not only as the union of a man and a woman, but also as the foundation of society, which should be treated with solemnity and without the least rashness. In old Chinese marriage arrangements, one didn t choose his or her spouse, who was instead arranged by the parents with the help of matchmakers. In modern times, one chooses his or her own marriage partner, but still with the assent of the parents.6. 上海上海是一座朝气蓬勃、充满活力、多姿多彩的国际大都市。改革开放以来，上 海变化之大令世人瞩目。经济高速发展，社会秩序稳定，人民安居乐业，呈现出 一片繁华景象。今天，尽管上海还有着不少色彩斑斓的过去可以留恋和回味，但 城市日新月异的面貌却使越来越多的人折服。浦西展示了上海的辉煌岁月，浦东 展现了上海的美好前景。上海就像一轮红日，光芒四射，鲜艳夺目。ShanghaiShanghai is a dynamic, vigorous and versatile international metropolis. Since the adoption of the reform and opening-up policy, shanghai has witnessed tremendous changes which attracted worldwide attention. The economy is developing rapidly, social order is stable, and the people live and work in peace and contentment, presenting a scene of prosperity. Today, while Shanghai has many remnants of its colorful past for people to ponder over, its ever-changing outlook has filled more and more people with great admiration. Puxi exhibits the citys glorious past, and Pudong unfolds its bright future. Shanghai is like a rising sun, shining with boundless radiance and brilliant color.7. 中国人的住宅以前中国人在盖房子的时候，都要先请人看分水，看似迷信，也并非没有道理。 按照中国人的想法，任何建筑物都不应该破坏大自然的和谐，而且要让建筑物和 大自然融为一体。住在这种房子里的人，会觉得自己不是关在笼子里，而是生活 在宁静的大自然里面。所以，中国人盖房子，通常都坐北朝南，以便接受冬天的 阳光与夏日的清风。这种房子冬暖夏凉，住在里面非常舒服。Chinese HousingChinese people used to invite experts to advise them in feng shui principle before building a house. It seems to be superstitious, but somehow makes sense. According to the Chinese people, no building should mar the harmony of the nature, but instead blend into nature. Those living in such houses would not feel confined in cages, but as if they were living in serene nature. Thus, Chinese house usually face the south so as to have warm sunshine in winter and cool breezes in summer. The house, warm in winter and cool in summer, is comfortable for accommodation.8.苏州苏州地处长江下游，气候温和，土地肥沃，再加上湖泊密布、水道纵横，自唐代 以来就有鱼米之乡的美称。历史记载表明，早在两千多年前的春秋战国时期， 这一带的渔业已经相当发达。苏州还是一个多水多桥、引人入胜的风光城市。居 民住房前有街后临桥，水道、街坊相交处都建有桥梁。现存的宋代石刻平江图 上注明的就有304座桥。SuzhouSituated in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and blessed with a mild climate, fertile and soil, and numerous lakes and waterways across the region, Suzhou has enjoyed a reputation as “a land of milk and honey” ever since the Tang Dynasty. Historical records show that the region was fairly advanced in fishery and farming in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States over 2000 years ago. Suzhou is a fascinating city of tourist attractions, dotted with bridges at the backdoors. Bridges are built wherever waterways and streets cross. The Map of Pingjiang District, a well-preserved city map from the Song Dynasty carved on a stone plate, indicated that during that period there were 304 bridges.9. 琴棋书画中国人最懂得消遣，中国从前的读书人，闲暇时间以琴棋书画作为消遣。在中国 人看来，艺术品的好坏，意味着作者人格的高低，所以弹琴、下棋、写字和绘画， 都代表着一个人的修养。弹琴不是要做音乐家，而是随着美妙的琴声，进入一个 辽阔的世界，净化自己的心灵。下棋不是为了胜负，而是磨练耐性和使人眼光远 大。写字不仅是把字写漂亮，同时也是为了陶冶情操。绘画则是借着画面上的简 单线条，表现自己的想象的世界。Music, Chess, Calligraphy and PaintingChinese people have the best idea about recreation. Scholars of ancient times enjoyed themselves through music, chess, calligraphy and painting in their leisure time. In the eyes of the Chinese people, the quality of the artifacts is a reflection of the character of the creator. Thus, playing musical instruments, playing chess, writing calligraphy or painting show ones culture. By playing music, one does not aim to be a musician but to enter a broader world, purifying ones soul in the beautiful music. By playing chess, one does not aim to be the winner but to cultivate patience and foresight. By calligraphy, one aims not only to write beautifully but also to improve his mind. Through painting, one expresses an imaginary world with simple lines.10. 杭州杭州位于浙江省北部，是中国古老的风景名称。杭州不仅风景奇丽，名胜古迹众 多，与杭州有关的传说和故事也甚为美丽动人。几千年过去了，杭州依然和以前 一样有吸引力。杭州是如此美丽，很多人在这都是留恋忘返。唐代诗人白居易写 了很多赞美杭州西湖的诗。古意大利旅行者马可波罗在元代来到了中国，对杭州异常喜爱，用他的话来说杭州是全世界最美的城市。”HangzhouHangzhou, an ancient city renowned for its picturesque scenery, is situated in the northern part of Zhengjiang Province. Hangzhou has many scenic spots and historical sites as well as beautiful and moving legends and stories associated with it. Thousands of years have passed since the city was founded, yet Hangzhou is as attractive as ever. Hangzhou is so beautiful that many people are reluctant to leave it. Bai juyi, a famous poet during the Tang Dynasty, wrote many poems to describe the beauty of Hangzhous West Lake. Marco Polo, an ancient Italian traveler, came to China in Yuan Dynasty, and expressed great admiration for Hangzhou. In his own words, Hangzhou is the most beautiful city in the world.”11长城长城如同一条蛟龙，由东向西蜿蜒伸展，经过沙漠、草原、山脉、高原，全长约 6700千米。长城是人类文明史上最伟大的建筑工程，它始建于2000多年前的春 秋战国时期，秦朝统一中国之后连成万里长城。汉、明两代又曾大规模修筑。其 工程这浩繁，气势这雄伟，堪称世界奇迹。如今当您登上昔日长城的遗址，不仅 能目睹逶迤于群山峻岭之中的长城雄姿，还能领略到中华民族创造历史的大智大 勇。Just like a gigantic dragon, the Great Wall of China winds up and down across deserts, grasslands, mountains and plateaus, stretching approximately 6,700 kilometers from east to west across China. The Great Wall is one of the greatest architecture in the history of civilization and was built in the Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period over 2,000 years ago. Many parts of the wall were joined together after Chinas unification in the Qin Dynasty and renovated in the Han Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty. They mystery of the construction and the grandeur of the project is a miracle in the world. Mounting the Great Wall today, you will marvel not only at the grand wall winding along the mountains and valleys, but at the great tenacity of the Chinese people in creating their unique history.12酒和茶酒和茶能给人增加生活情趣，可是不懂生活艺术的人，就享受不到这种情趣。饮 酒喝茶都要慢慢品尝，细细玩味，才能得到美妙的感受。能有几样可口的小菜， 两三位谈得来的朋友，大家聚在一起小斟，那真是人生乐事。至于喝茶，就是没 有朋友陪伴，也可以一人独享。如果有一杯新茶，一卷好书，坐在那儿慢慢地享 受，可能比做皇帝还自在呢。Liquor and TeaLiquor and tea add spice to life, which cannot be appreciated without a knowledge of the art of life. One has to sip and savor both liquor and tea so as to appreciate their fascinating pleasures. It is great pleasure in life to drink with two or three intimate friends, while eating delicious food. As for tea, one can enjoy it alone, without the company of friends. It is more pleasurable than being an emperor to enjoy oneself in leisure with a cup of fresh tea and a good book.13和平发展中国坚定不移地走和平发展道路，是基于中国国情的必然选择。1840年鸦片战 争以后的100多的里，中国受尽了列强的欺辱。消除战争，实现和平，建设独立 富强、民生幸福的国家，是近代以来中国人民孜孜以求的奋斗目标。今天的中国 虽然取得了巨大的发展成就，但人口多，底子薄，发展不平衡，仍然是世界是最 大的发展中国家。推动经济社会发展，不断改善人民生活始终是中国的中心任务。 坚持走和平发展道路，是中国实现国家富强、人民幸福的必由之路。Peaceful DevelopmentChinas adherence to peaceful development is an inevitable choice based on the country5s national condition. In the 100-plus years after the Opium War in 1840, China suffered great humiliation at the hands of the worlds great powers. The elimination of wars, the maintenance of peace and the establishment of an independent and prosperous country of happy citizens is the ultimate goal of the Chinese people in modern times. Despite tremendous growth in modern China, the country is still the largest developing country in the world, with a large population, a weak economic foundation and rather uneven development. The promotion of socio-economic development and the continuous improvement of personal livelihood have been the major focus of China. Peaceful development is the only way to achieve prosperity for China and happiness for its people.14诚信原则中国人以前都生活在大家庭里，有很多亲戚互相来往。男人在外面做事谋生，也 会结交许多朋友。中国人交朋友，秉持的最重要的原则是“诚”和“信”。自己 以诚心待人，自然可以换来真实的友谊；尊重别人，自然会被别人尊重。而且要 信守诺言，绝不欺骗。中国人不仅把这些原则应用在私人的交往上，在和其他国 家办理外交的时候，也同样遵守这些原则。Sincerity and FaithfulnessIn the past, the Chinese lived in extended family groups, with many relatives as their social contacts. The men of the family would also make many friends in the course of making their way in the world. Chinese people try to maintain two most important principles in friendship: sincerity and faithfulness. They exchange sincerity for true friendship as might be expected, and receive respect by respecting others. They keep their promises with deceit. Chinese people not only apply these principles in personal contacts, but also follow them in their diplomatic relations with other countries.15种花赏花种花和赏花是中国人日常的消遣。在诗人和画家的笔下，花儿更是多姿多彩。一 年四季中，有许多花儿先后开放。中国人最爱的花儿，有牡丹、荷花、菊花、梅 花。春天是牡丹盛开的时节。夏天荷花盛开，它虽然从污泥中生长出来，却是纯 洁芳香，很像高尚的君子。秋风吹起，树上的叶子落了，只有菊花不怕风霜，傲 然开放。在冰天雪地的冬天，没有一点儿生气，梅花仍然在风雪中盛开。梅花最 能代表中国人不屈不挠的精神。Planting and Admiring flowersPlanting and admiring flowers are a daily-life recreation of Chinese people. Flowers are diverse beautiful in the works of poets and painters. Many kinds of flowers appear in successive bloom through the seasons. Some of the favorite flowers in Chinas are peonies, lotuses, chrysanthemums and plum blossoms. Spring is the ideal time for peonies. In summer, lotuses are in full bloom, pure and fragrant like noble gentlemen, though they emerge from the dirty mud. When the autumn wind blows off the leaves, the chrysanthemums blossom against wind and frost. In the lifeless winter world of ice and snow, plum blossoms are in full bloom against wind and snow. The Chinese consider plum blossoms to be representative of their own enduring spirit.16庙会在中国各地，过去不论乡村、城市，到处都有庙。每年到了佛祖或神灵的祭日， 都在庙前广场上搭台演戏。这时候，大家都来看戏，小贩也前来摆地摊，做生意。 逛庙会的人们，既可以进香，又可以看戏，还可以买东西。因此在庙会期间，天 天都是非常热闹的。人们坐车子走几十里路，除了烧香还愿之外，还达到了交 际、娱乐、旅行和购物的目的。这种庙会通常都是一年一次，为期最多不到半个 月，日期一过，马上就冷落下来了。Temple FairTemples abounded across China, both in the countryside and in the cities. Every year on the fete-days of Buddha or other gods, stages were set up for performances on the square before the temples. Many people came for the play, and the vendors put up stalls to do business. Those who came for the temple fair offered incense to Buddha, watched the play and did some shopping at the did some shopping at the same time. Hence the temple fairs were full of hustle and bustle every day. People took wagons or walked for miles to the temple fair, fulfilling the purposes of communication, entertainment, travel and shopping apart from offering incense. Such temple fairs were often held once a year for at most half a month; after which the temple becamedesolate with far fewer visitors.17中药众所周知，在最近两百年之前的大部分时间里，人类一直依赖传统药物与疾病斗 争。各大文明古国几乎都有自己的民族医药体系，其中又以中国的中医药体系最 为完备，成就最大。可以说，中国的中医药体系是古代医药科学的最高表现。中 药绝大部分来源于天然的植物，其次是动物、矿物等。中国各地使用的中药已达 5000种左右，用各种药材配成的方剂，更是数不胜数。Chinese MedicineAs is commonly known, until the most recent two centuries people fought against disease wit traditional drugs. Ancient civilizations all had their own national drug system, among which the Chinese system was the most comprehensive and achieved the greatest results. We could say that the Chinese traditional drug system is the supreme representation of the type. Traditional Chinese drugs come mostly from natural plants, with some from animals and minerals. There are about 5,000 traditional drugs in se across China, and countless prescriptions made with those drugs.18故宫故宫是北京现在最大、保存最完好的宫殿，建于1406年，历时14年建造完成。 故宫的建筑分为外朝与内廷两大部分，外朝是皇帝举行朝会和行使权力的地 方，内廷是帝王与后妃居住之所。红色和黄色作为宫殿墙壁的主色调是一种象征。 红色代表快乐、好运气和财富。黄色是中国人的起源地黄土高原大地的颜色。在 唐朝黄色成为了代表帝王的颜色，仅有少数皇室成员可以穿它，并且也将黄色用 于建筑。The Imperial PalaceThe Imperial Palace is the largest and best-preserved palace in China, the construction of which began in 1406 and took 14 years. The Imperial Palace is divided into the “outer court and the “inner court .The former is where the emperor held meetings and exercised power while the latter is where the emperor and his concubines lived. As the main color on the palace walls, the red and yellow have symbolic meanings. Red represents happiness, good fortune and wealth. Yellow is the color of the earth on the Loess Plateau, the original home of the Chinese people. Yellow became an imperial color during the Tang dynasty, when only few members of the royal family were allowed to wear it and use it in their architecture.19和平崛起中华民族历来珍惜和平。中国的崛起，是和平的崛起，是依靠自己的力量来发展 自己。中外关系中，中国一贯主张以邻为伴、与人为善，同各国发展友好合作关 系。中国现在是、今后相当长时间内仍将是一个发展中国家。中国有13亿人口， 这是最大的国情。中国国内生产总值已居全球第六位，但人均水平却排在第138 位。中国要赶上发达国家，还需要几代人，十几代人的艰辛努力。Peaceful RiseThe Chinese nation has always cherished peace. Chinas rise, an achievement accomplished by our own efforts, symbolizes that peace has risen to the dominant position. In our bilateral relations we consistently seek partnership with neighboring countries and amiable coexistence with others to develop friendly cooperation. China is, and will continue to be for some time to come, a developing country. China has a population of 1.3million,which is the most important fact of in our national condition. China ranks 6th in the GDP, but only 138 th in GDP per capita globally. To catch up with developed countries, several generations-even dozens-must continue to make arduous effort.20中国菜中国菜闻名全世界，中国人研究吃的艺术，已经有近三千年的历史。中国人的食 物种类多得数不清，不论是天上飞的，地上跑的，水里游的，都被烧成了菜，端 到饭桌上。烧菜是一种艺术：把菜烧熟，人人能做到；把菜烧得味道鲜美，就那 么不容易了。中国人自己的生活虽然清苦，但在招待客人的时候，总要把最好的 食物拿出来，而且数量特别丰富，使客人感到宾至如归。中国人虽然讲究吃，但 是他们非常看不起那种只追求衣食享受的人。这种观念是受了传统的儒家和道家 思想的影响。Chinese FoodChinese food is well-known across the world. The art of preparing food in Chinese goes back nearly 3,000years. There are numerous varieties of food for Chinese people: the creatures flying in the air, walking on the ground and swimming in the water can all be made into dishes to be served on dining tables. Cooking can be considered an art, since it is easy for everybody to simply cook dishes but hard to make them tasty and delicious. However difficult their life is, they always present their best food to guests in such abundance that the guests will feel at home. Though fond of cheating, Chinese people despise those who indulge themselves in physical pleasures. This ideology derives from the influence of traditional Confucianism and Taoism.