年平均日交通量学习教案

年平均年平均(pngjn)日交通量日交通量第一页，共48页。第1页/共48页第二页，共48页。These four volumes remain at macroscopic level第2页/共48页第三页，共48页。第3页/共48页第四页，共48页。第4页/共48页第五页，共48页。 Calibration of Daily Variation FactorsDayYearly Average Volume for Day(vehs/day)Daily Adjustment Factor DFMonday1,8201,430/1,820=0.79Tuesday1,5881,430/1,588=0.90Wednesday1,4061,430/1,406=1.02Thursday1,3001,430/1,300=1.10Friday1,2891,430/1,289=1.11Saturday1,2751,430/1,275=1.12Sunday1,3321,430/1,332=1.07Total10,010Estimated AADT1,430第5页/共48页第六页，共48页。Calibration of Monthly Variation FactorsMonthTotal Traffic(vehs)ADT for Month(veh/day)Monthly Variation Factor (MF)January19,840/31=640797/640=1.25February16,660/28=595797/595=1.34March21,235/31=685797/685=1.16April24,300/30=810797/810=0.98May25,885/31=835797/835=0.95June26,280/30=876797/876=0.91July27,652/31=892797/892=0.89August30,008/31=968797/968=0.82September28,620/30=954797/954=0.84October26,350/31=850797/850=0.94November22,290/30=743797/743=1.07December21,731/31=701797/701=1.14Total290,851AADT=290,851/365=797veh/day第6页/共48页第七页，共48页。defined as the volume in the single hour that has the highest hourly volume第7页/共48页第八页，共48页。第8页/共48页第九页，共48页。 Interval Volume Interval Volume7:00 7:05 15 7:30 7:35 177:05 7:10 25 7:35 7:40 357:10 7:15 18 7:40 7:45 287:15 7:20 42 7:45 7:50 327:20 7:25 31 7:50 7:55 267:25 7:30 18 7:55 8:00 20V5 = (180, 300, 216, 504, 372, 216, 204, 420, 336, 384, 312, 240)V10=(240, 360, 294, 312, 360, 276)V15=(232, 364, 320, 312)Max V5 = 504; Max V10 = 360; Max V15 = 364 Hourly volume = 307第9页/共48页第十页，共48页。 PHF is used to reflect the fluctuation of volume distribution in an hour! PHF5 = 307/504 = 0.61; PHF10 = 307/360 = 0.85; PHF15 = 307/364 = 0.84;第10页/共48页第十一页，共48页。Peak-Hour-Factor (PHF)第11页/共48页第十二页，共48页。第12页/共48页第十三页，共48页。AADTKDAADTAADTDHVDHVDDHVDDHV*nD= ratio of design hour volume in the major direction to the total (方向性系数(xsh)）nK=ratio of design hour volume to the 24 hour volume （设计(shj)小时系数）Relationship Between DDHV and AADTIn general D and K is constant!第13页/共48页第十四页，共48页。第14页/共48页第十五页，共48页。Estimation of Vehicle-Miles Traveled on a Limited Network: An ExampleStation8-Hour Count(vehs)Link Length(mi)Link VMT(veh-miles)A6,9670.251,741.7515,1590.251,289.7525,2540.251,313.5035,8200.251,455.0044,0580.251,014.5058,7100.252,177.5067,2740.251,818.50Network Total10,810.50第15页/共48页第十六页，共48页。第16页/共48页第十七页，共48页。第17页/共48页第十八页，共48页。第18页/共48页第十九页，共48页。第19页/共48页第二十页，共48页。第20页/共48页第二十一页，共48页。第21页/共48页第二十二页，共48页。第22页/共48页第二十三页，共48页。第23页/共48页第二十四页，共48页。第24页/共48页第二十五页，共48页。 - average length of vehicle in metervL - length of detector in meterdL - time occupancy defined as itOOT - length of survey period, 15, 30, or 60 minutesT - time occupied or covered by vehicle iit第25页/共48页第二十六页，共48页。第26页/共48页第二十七页，共48页。Different density on both directions of freeway, USA第27页/共48页第二十八页，共48页。Freeway of I-15 in San Diego, USA第28页/共48页第二十九页，共48页。Different density on each direction of expressway, Beijing第29页/共48页第三十页，共48页。Different density on both directions of main street, Beijing第30页/共48页第三十一页，共48页。第31页/共48页第三十二页，共48页。vSDvDSThis equation is valid for uninterrupted flow only!第32页/共48页第三十三页，共48页。1fjDSSDffjSSSDD( ), ( density)ffjSaSfree speedbDjam 第33页/共48页第三十四页，共48页。Congestion Zone第34页/共48页第三十五页，共48页。lnjCDSSD ln()ln()CjCSSDSD1abD1ln()ln()CjCaSDbSDD 第35页/共48页第三十六页，共48页。expfCDSSD1ln( )ln()fCSSDD1SabD1l n ()l n ()1fCSSaSbD第36页/共48页第三十七页，共48页。)(22022022ufqkeuqeuukkfkkf Northwestern University Model第37页/共48页第三十八页，共48页。 SummaryName of modelMust known ParameterNotesGreenshields uf, kjuf,between speed limi uf, and design speedkj is hard to estimateGreenbergu0, kjuf,is infiniteUnderwooduf, k0ko is hard to observeu never reaches zerokj is infiniteNorthwesternuf, kjkj is infiniteu will be never zero第38页/共48页第三十九页，共48页。第39页/共48页第四十页，共48页。2()jjfDvD SSS2ffjSvS DDD422jfjfmDSDScvCapacity Capacity is defined as the maximum rate of flow that canbe achieved on roadway facilities under prevailing roadway, traffic, and control conditions. 第40页/共48页第四十一页，共48页。eDSGreenbergcjC)(eSDUnderwoodcfc)(Similarly we can get: 第41页/共48页第四十二页，共48页。Three important traffic states1.Free flow (uf, q=0, k=0)2.Optima state (qmax,uo, ko)3.Traffic jam (km, q=0,u=0)第42页/共48页第四十三页，共48页。Flow-Speed Curve Under Different Conditions第43页/共48页第四十四页，共48页。Flow-Speed Curve For Major Arterial of BeijingFlow-Speed Curve For Minor Arterial of Beijing第44页/共48页第四十五页，共48页。第45页/共48页第四十六页，共48页。第46页/共48页第四十七页，共48页。第47页/共48页第四十八页，共48页。