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【外研版创新设计】2020高考英语一轮复习提能训练必修7Module 1Basketball能 力 闯 关.单词拼写1The tournament is open to amateurs as well as p_.2What is the a_ rainfall for August in your country?3Such a courageous behavior really d_ to be praised.4Teaching isnt just a simple piece of work；its an art b_ on science.5At midnight they crossed the river and took p_ of the village.6They have _(任命)a new headteacher at my daughters school.7Jack is an intelligent pupil，but he lacks _(动力)8My _(一代人)has grown up without the experience of a world war.9My employer will _(证实)that I was there on time.10He works very hard and now he is a(n)_(出色的)pupil.答案：1.professionals2.average3.deserves4.based5.possession6.appointed7.motivation 8generation9.confirm10.outstanding.单项填空1The man was very _ not to tell the manager that he could not do the job. Acare Bcareful Ccareless Dcarelessness解析：句意：“那人非常小心没有告诉给经理他不能做那份工作。”考查care的派生词的词义和用法。根据语境，答案是B。答案：B2The plane landed _ at the airport.Asafe Bsafely Csafety Dsave解析：本题考查副词用法。safe形容词，安全的；safely副词，安全地；safety名词，安全；save动词，挽救，节省。由此及句意可知，此处应用副词safely修饰动词landed，故应选B。答案：B3A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics，which _ will promote its economic development.Ain nature Bin return Cin turn Din fact解析：in turn意为“又反过来”，句意为：清洁的环境有利于申办奥运，而申办奥运又可以促进经济的发展。C项符合句意，为正确答案。in nature“实质上，性质上”，in return“作为回报”，in fact“实际上，事实上”。均不合题意。答案：C4I can see this job was done by a _ worker.Aprofession Bprofessor Cprofessional Dprofessed解析：本题考查形容词的用法。此处是形容词professional用作名词worker的定语。答案：C5The boy showed great _ in fighting against the enemy.Abrave Bbraved Cbravery Dbraving解析：本题考查句意理解。那个男孩在和敌人的战斗中表现出极大的勇气。形容词great后应跟名词bravery。答案：C6Have you handed in your schoolwork yet?Yes，I have.I guess it _ now.Ahas graded Bis graded Cis being graded Dis grading解析：句意：“还没交上你的作业吗？”“我交上了。我猜老师正在批着。”由now便知，用现在进行时，而且用被动式。答案：C7The doctors advice _ him from drinking and smoking.Aencouraged Bdiscouraged Cgave courage Dgave discouragement解析：句意：“医生的忠告鼓励他戒烟戒酒。”考查courage的派生词的应用，discourage sb. from doing sth.“阻止干”，故答案是B。答案：B8He is determined to make great _ in life.Asuccess Bsucceeded Csuccessful Dsuccessfully解析：本题考查动宾搭配。success是名词；succeeded是过去式或过去分词；successful是形容词；successfully是副词。动词make之后应跟名词success作宾语，故选A。答案：A.翻译句子1拍卖会过后几天，我们才真正拥有了那辆汽车。(take possession of)_2他的新书立即获得成功。_3他们应该受到惩罚。(deserve)_4我认为我们可以信赖德里克，他不会告诉任何人。(rely on)_5我把婴儿抱在怀里。_答案：1.We didnt take possession of the car until a few days after the auction(拍卖)2His new book became an instant success.3They deserve to be punished.或They deserve punishing.4I think we can rely on Derek not to tell anyone.5I held the baby in my arms.阅读理解In the dictionary，the word “applause” means to clap your hands to show praise or welcome.Clapping is not usually used to protest against something.But when David Beckham made this mistake，he was punished with a red card.The England football captain was shown a yellow card by referee Arturo Dauden Ibanez during a match between Real Madrid and Valencia in Madrid，Spain on Oct.23.Beckham then halfturned his back on Ibanez and applauded.His protest made the referee very angry.In return he gave Beckham a red card.The Spanish Football Association withdrew the red card last week due to Real Madrids protest.But Beckham still has to pay a 60eurofine for his mistake.Beckham，no doubt，is one of the best footballers in the world.He was among the 50 candidates for the European Footballer of 2020.He first made everyone take notice when he scored a wonderful goal,60 yards away from his own half on the first day of the 1995/6 England football season.He then led England into the quarter finals of the 2002 World Cup.But he is more than a footballer.His handsome appearance is as powerful as his outstanding performance on the field.Few pop stars can match him in terms of pure style.He has attracted millions of teenagers to follow his way of dressing.“I have come to accept that if I have a new haircut，it is front page news.But having a picture of my foot on the front page of a national newspaper is a bit exceptional，” he once said.He appears in advertisements as often as on the field.Beckham is now the richest footballer in the world with an average annual income of 8 million pounds，mainly from advertisements for beauty treatments，mobile phones and motor oil.In November 2020，Beckham was honored with the best award ever receivedan OBE(Officer of the Order of the British Empire) from the British Queen.1Beckham received a red card because he _.Abroke a rule Bhurt the referees feelingCdid wrong to the referee Dshowed anger to the audience解析：文章第三段说，贝克汉姆的抗议使裁判很生气，作为回报裁判给了他一张红牌。答案：B2Beckham first became famous because of _.Aan excellent goal Bhis special dressChis handsome appearance Dhis beautiful wife解析：根据文章第四段第三、四句可知。答案：A3Which of the following is true according to the passage?AWhat attracted teenagers most was not his look but his performance.BBeckham became rich just by advertising for some companies.CBeckhams red card was taken away by the football association.DIt was a great honor for Beckham to be awarded an OBE.解析：本题是细节题。吸引青少年的不仅仅是他的技术还有他的外貌，A错；贝克汉姆非常富有，其中做广告占很大的成分，B错；那张红牌被足协取消了，而不是拿走了，C错。答案：D阅卷现场(教师用书独具)第七节作文(书面表达)常见问题与解决方法在讲解问题之前我先介绍一下高考英语作文阅卷流程：高考英语作文阅卷的流程在正式阅卷前，先组织全体阅卷老师学习评分标准，然后根据评分标准对事先挑选出来的各档次学生范文进行试评，给出你认为恰当的分数，再集中进行对比讨论，统一标准后，正式开始阅卷。今年英语高考作文实行双评，对于分数出入较大的，还进行了三评，力求做到公平公正。因此，教师在平时的训练中也必须分别对待，独立训练与评价。评分标准(可以让学生结合具体范文熟悉高考作文评分标准)考试说明中作文的评分标准做了以下描述：1本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。(在2020年高考中山东作文分数已调整为30分)。2评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。3词数少于80和多于120的，从总分中减去2分。4评分时，应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性、上下文的连贯性及语言的得体性。5拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写词汇用法均可接受。6如书写较差，以致影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。7内容要点可用不同方式表达，对紧扣主题的适当发挥不予扣分。各档次的给分范围和要求第五档(很好)；(2125分)1完全完成了试题规定的任务。2覆盖所有内容要点。3应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。4语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；具备较强的语言运用能力。5有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。6完全达到预期的写作目的。第四档(好)：(1620分)1完全完成了试题规定的任务。2虽漏掉1、2个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。3应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。4语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。5应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。6达到了预期的写作目的。第三档(适当)：(1115分)1基本完成了试题规定的任务。2虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容。3应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。4有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。5应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文内容连贯。6整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。第二档(较差)：(610分)1未恰当完成试题规定的任务。2漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。3语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。4有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。5较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。6信息未能清楚地传达给读者。第一档(差)：(15分)1未完成试题规定的任务。2明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求。3语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。4较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。5缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。6信息未能传达给读者。不得分：(0分)未能传达给读者任何信息：内容太少，无法评判；写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。下面我想列举出阅卷过程中所发现的作文写作的典型问题：问题一：缺少小品词如a, the, of, in等。如：考生将“前门大街有六百年的历史了”表达为“Qianmen Street is a famous street over 600 years old”；(正确的表达法是Qianmen Street is a famous street of over 600 years old)问题二：可数名词的形式不正确我们知道可数名词不可以单独使用，要么要在它的前面加上a或the，要么要以复数形式出现。可是有不少考生在表达“电脑，鼠标，游戏，工具”等可数名词时，既不在它们之前加冠词，又不用其复数形式，直接说成“computer, mouse, game, tool”，这都是属于低级错误，会严重失分的。问题三：频繁使用中国式的英语中国学生在学英语时最容易犯的错误便是用中文的表达方式死搬硬套英文，英语中有个专门的词来描述这类现象，叫Chinglish。例如：“收到你的来信很高兴”表达为“I very happy to pick your letter”(正确的表达法可以是Glad to hear from you.或I am very happy to receive your letter.)问题四：随便使用代词it, they等，导致指代不明或引起歧义有考生将“我们到达后，就立即开始干活，一些人挖坑，一些运小树苗，其他人浇水”表达为“When we arrived, we began to work immediately. They were digging holes. They were carrying and planting young trees. Others were watering them.”在这一句话中，作者连续用了两个they和一个them，可是仔细分析一下，我们会发现这三个词不可能指代同一伙人。此句可以这样表达“Upon arrival, we began to work immediately. Some were digging holes. Some were carrying and planting young trees. Others were watering them.”问题五：笔误繁多在这一次的作文中，最常见的笔误是将they写成the，将If或It写成I。这种笔误实在要不得，因为它已经影响了读者的理解。我们要求我们的考生在写完之后，一定要仔细阅读一遍，避免此类低级错误的发生。解决方案与指南1狠抓学生英语基本功的训练英语的写作基本功是什么？从高考的阅卷中得出结论：书写和句子。英语写作能力并非一朝一夕就形成的，它是一个由浅入深，由易到难，循序渐进，一环紧扣一环的训练过程。句子是文章最基本、最重要的单位。句子的正确表达是书面表达最基本的要求。因此，一定要训练学生写完整的句子，至少要写主谓结构的句子。在此基础上，再让学生加入一些适当的连词，过渡句等。卷面的整洁在高考中尤为重要，因为评卷老师首先是从卷面来确定其得分的档次。高考评卷老师对一篇作文的判定时间是以秒来计算，速度之快可想而知。要在如此短的时间内做出判断，靠什么大家可以思考。写作短文时，要注意审题，对写什么和怎么写必须有一个清晰的思路。很多考生动笔就写，错了以后再涂改，严重影响卷面整洁，也影响了成绩。其次，要在遣词造句上多下功夫。尽可能运用较熟悉的词组、短语或成语。第三，要力求变换各种句式。当然，也不能片面追求花哨文字，拼凑错误百出的句子，使成绩大打折扣；行文连贯是阅卷教师比较看重的一个方面。要有好的开头和好的结尾；为了使文章结构严密，增强说服力和感染力，考生应该在句与句之间恰当地使用一些过渡性词语。另外，考生很容易出现句与句之间不使用连接词的错误，这是英语写作中的大忌。最后，考生应该把写完的作文阅读两遍，认真检查是否有拼写方面的错误，是否有时态、语态方面的错误，是否存在中式英语等等。2注意训练学生作文答题技巧、答题方法(1)仔细审题，弄清大意。审题是写作的关键所在，仔细审题才能深刻理解题目所要表达的主要意思。不论是汉语提示写作还是看图写作，都要仔细审题，弄清写作内容，如背景、人物、时间、体裁等的要求。(2)编拟提纲，拟出要点。在弄清了题目所要表达的主要意思后，便可根据主要内容列出提纲，即整理出内容要点。理清要点的目的就是为了把握短文的脉络，不至于遗漏内容的要点。(3)紧扣要点，扩写成文。在列出要点后，依据要点扩写成文。扩写时，可运用想象适度发挥。但切记不可随意乱写，要紧扣画面或汉语提示，适当描述，连贯通顺即可，不能把汉语提示全部译成英语。(4)反复检查，修正错误。扩写成文后，考生应将扩写后的文章认真读一读，检查是否有错误。在检查时，着重看短文是否扣住了提示或图画的内容，要点是否有遗漏。同时，还要注意有无语法错误，如时态、人称等，是否符合文体特点、格式，等等。(5)写作，要注意留够时间，一般需要20分钟。最好能打草稿，这样可以减少错误，书写也比较清晰工整。作文注意内容要点要全，语言要通顺。提倡用小词小句来写，适当用复杂结构。直击高考与警示1范例引路，夯实双基学生在进行短文写作训练过程中，教师应提供各种文体、各种题型的范文，讲明各种文体的要求，如日记，便条，书信，通知的格式等，并给予必要的提示。要求学生背记一些典型的范文，每种至少两篇，达到能正确默写全文的程度。还要背记各种特殊场合中的交际用语或习惯用语。这样，在写作时才能灵活运用，举一反三。2限时训练，及时讲评训练时当场发题，限时交卷，促使学生瞬间接受信息，快速理解信息，迅速表达信息，提高实际应用和应试能力。这一步是关键，也是学生的难关。因为考试作文要求将所规定的材料内容经整理后，展开思维，目的是考查学生运用所学英语知识准确地表达语言的能力。学生必须在规定的时间内完成作文，决不能养成拖拉的习惯。也许你会发现平时作文写得不错、书写干净的学生在限时训练中与平时表现有较大的出入。原因就在于其平时有较充足的时间去准备，构思，查阅词典等。而在限时训练中，将其置于一定的时间压力下和逼真的环境中，使其思维高速运转，逐步锻炼并提高其写作反应能力。这样，学生的写作水平和应试能力都会有所改善。学生的习作写完后，教师要抓紧时间批改，及时反馈信息。当然作文的批改可根据实际采取不同的方式，如老师抽查，学生互改等。每次作文要认真记录学生习作中出现的普遍性和典型性错误，为讲评作材料准备。对于写得好的作文可展示给学生阅读思考，并给予鼓励表扬，以此提高学生的积极性。当然，一种语言能力不是一天两天的功夫就会提高的，需要学生持之以恒地多写，多练，做到在写中学，在学中写，从而达到有效的写作目的。下面附上2020年部分省份的书面表达、参考范文，以及简单点评供大家参考：一、(2020全国卷、海南、宁夏卷)假定你是李华，正在英国接受英语培训，住在一户英国人家里。今天你的房东Mrs Wilson不在家，你准备外出，请给Mrs Wilson写一留言条，内容包括：1外出购物2替房东还书3Tracy来电话留言：1)咖啡屋(Bolton coffee)见面取消2)此事已告知Susan3)尽快回电注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Mrs Wilson，_Li Hua【参考范文】Mrs Wilson，Im going out shopping, and wont be back until about 5：00 pm. I have taken with me the two books you asked me to return to the City Library. At about I oclock this afternoon, Tracy called, saying that she couldnt meet you at Bolton Coffee tomorrow morning as she has something important to attend to. She felt very sorry about that, but said that you could set some other time for the meeting. She wanted you to call her back as soon as you are home. She has already told Susan about this change.Li Hua【解析】作文题仍然同去年一样，属于提纲式要点作文，要求学生就所给内容写一张留言条，是学生比较熟悉的题材，体现了英语学习应该注意实用性、生活性的原则。考生应该注意留言条的写法：留言条是指找人没有找到，又没有时间等候，只能留给对方一个简短而明了的条据。留言条的格式也分三部分：称呼、正文、署名和日期。称呼要顶格写，条子留给谁就称呼谁。在称呼下一行空两格写正文，简洁明了地把你要给对方说的事情写清楚。在正文下面写清楚谁留的条子，并在署名的下一行写清年、月、日。【名师简评】依然保持全国卷短文写作的老套路：人物李华(自1999年以来，中间除了2002年，统统都是李华同学在写信，历时十年，众多效尤者)，话题为简单的外语外事活动，形式为写信(邮件或留言)，实则依然是短文写作，控制程度较高，体裁以陈述说明为主。四、(2020广东卷)第一节 基础写作(共1小题，满分15分)你是校报小记者，最近进行了一次采访。以下是这次采访的情况：时间： 上周末对象： 眼科医生(eyedoctor)王教授主题： 我国中小学生近视(shortsightedness)问题基本信息： (1)发生率： 略高于50%；(2)人数： 世界第一专家解读： (1)原因： 很复杂(2)治疗： 没有哪一种药物能治愈近视(3)建议： 不要过度用眼；多参加户外活动(4)特别提示： 如何握笔也和近视有关【参考范文】Last weekend, I had an interview with eyedoctor Professor Wang about our country primary and middle students shortsightedness. It is said that slightly more than 50% students, which ranks the No. 1 in the world, are shortsighted. Professor Wang said the reason of shortsightedness is complicated and there is still no cure for shortsightedness. He suggested that we should not overuse our eyes and do more outdoor exercises. Whats more, since the holding of pen has something to do with the shortsightedness, we need to pay attention to using the pen.【解析】本文题材贴近学生实际生活，这个话题真正地做到了“话题来源于学生实际生活”。近视眼是每个校园所必不可少的现象，是学生校园生活的隐形热点。因此今年的基础写作题目让每个学生都有话可说。考生要注意三大要点和表格内容，恰当表达即可。【名师简评】本题话题为近视问题，天津卷曾涉及过(2020天津卷：How to Protect Our Eyesight)。但角度有不同。广东卷侧重的是问题本身的描述，而天津则是强调的如何保护视力。不过，有做天津卷的经验，对广东卷也就不会有难的感觉。更何况广东卷所给信息非常充分，对于考生而言，剩下的主要是组织句子了。第二节 读写任务(共1小题，满分25分)阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。Jackie is perhaps the most easily annoyed koala(考拉)at the Featherdale Wildlife Park in southern Australia. All the koalas there are unhappy and complaining. You would be unhappy too if you were used to night activities and someone kept waking you up all day while you were trying to sleep it off.Thats rightsleep it off. The average koala is always half asleep because it feeds on the leaves of a special kind that makes it sleepy.The reason Jackie and her fellow koalas are repeatedly awoken from their deep sleep is so they can be hugged and photographed by tourists，who make the trips to Featherdale and an increasing number of other national parks for just that special experience. Whatever department in the Aussie government in charge of such things is now moving to make the practice illegal，which is understandable. How would you react，my friend，if you were trying to sleep off a dozen times and some round，furry creature smelling of grass kept waking you?* 考拉即树袋熊写作内容1以约30个词概括这段短文的内容；2然后以约120个词就“该不该禁止游客和动物拍照”进行议论，内容包括：(1)人们在参观动物园时为什么喜欢和动物拍照；(2)假如你处在那些动物的处境，你会有什么反应；(3)你认为是否应该禁止游客和动物拍照。写作要求1在作文中可以使用自己亲身的经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；2作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。评分标准概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。【参考范文】The passage narrates that koalas who are repeatedly awoken from their deep sleep are unhappy and complaining for tourists taking photos. The author appeals to us to be kinder to animals.The reasons why tourists like taking photos of the animals in the zoo perhaps vary from people to people. Some think it a happy reminder of their visit to the zoo or the animals, while others may consider it just sort of fun to have. But anyway they may not share the deep feelings of the animals.If I were in the same position as the animals in the zoo, my reaction would be very severe strongly against being photographed. Not having peaceful surroundings to sleep, dont you suffer restless and fidgets. No doubt we do and so do the animals.I think it necessary to ban tourists taking pictures with animals, making a comfortable environment for them to live and regarding them as our friends, so as to found harmonious relations with animals.【解析】今年的读写任务让学生就“该不该禁止游客和动物拍照”展开议论。议论文的写作有助于培养学生正确的价值观，纠正不正确的价值观。今年的读写任务暗中旨在培养学生保护野生动物的观念、把多一点的空间还给动物的观念、与动物和谐共存的观念。如果考生从“应该禁止游客和动物拍照”这一观点入手的话就迎合了阅读材料，同时也能够受到改卷老师的青睐。【专家简评】自2020年广东卷改革以来，写作部分的两个试题在写作要求上均过于详细，控制程度很高。尤其是后者，尽管是阅读后的写作，但要领已经被列出，实际上难度已经大大下降。当然，广东卷这么做的主要目的无外乎便于教师阅卷，收缩考生的思维，不给考生跑题的机会。但是若往深处追问，本题给学生的思维空间并不多，这个值得考量。三年来，广东卷已经在短文写作上逐渐形成定势。
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