【优化方案】（陕西专用）2020高考英语总复习 课时作业二十一 Unit1 Great scientists 新人教版必修5

Unit 1Great scientists.语音知识1furnishedAdecidedBworkedCattracted Dcleaned2characterAchart BchocolateCchurch Dstomach3breakAmeal BgreatCdead Dreality4clothAminority BspokenCopinion Dwonder5invitationAguide BwriterCslide Dthrill.单项填空1AIDS control and prevention is a_to China as well as the whole world.AsurpriseBchallengeCreaction Dthreat2It is reported that the police will soon_the case of the two missing children.Alook upon Blook afterClook into Dlook out3As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine，we must send for an engineer to_the problem.Ahandle BraiseCface Dpresent4It doesnt make any_for such a little child to read so difficult a book.Aspace BuseCsense Derror5During the coming international meeting，the Minister will_her countrys main demands in the economic and commercial fields.Aput up Bput offCput forward Dput down6_food and tents，we Chinese also sent rescue workers to the earthquakestricken areas in Japan.AApart from BRather thanCIn addition DIn spite of7According to the investigation，the driver of the car was_for the terrible accident.Ablamed Bto blameCto be blaming Dto be blamed8Children_to difficult situations are better at handling those_tasks.Aexposing；challenging Bexposed；challengedCexposed；challenging Dexposing；challenged9Every year，many leaders in different fields_the meeting held in Boao，Hainan for the development of Asia.Aattend BjoinCjoin in Dattend to10Li Wei failed the job interview because of his broken English.Only then_how important it was to learn English well.Ahad he realized Bhe realizedChe had realized Ddid he realize11According to_news report，British scientists have found out_cure for this disease.Athe；the Ba；aC/；a Dthe；/12I suggested to my father that we_to Dalian for a holiday this summer，but the expression on his face suggested that he_to it.Ago；shouldn t agreeBwould go；shouldnt agreeCgo；didnt agreeDwould go；didnt agree13Could you please help me with this problem?Certainly.First of all，lets_the problem and see what went wrong.Aanalyse BexamineCinspect Dsurvey14(2020泰安模拟)Everyone is encouraged to_something to those who suffered a great deal in the earthquake.Aconstruct BconnectCcontribute Dcollect15We were all very much attracted by the beautiful scenery_we set foot in the village.Aquickly BsuddenlyCfinally Dimmediately.阅读理解(2020河南省洛阳市检测)Picture our solar system.In the center，theres our star，the sun.Orbiting the sun are eight planets，including Earth.But what about planets outside our solar system?About 15 years ago，scientists developed the tools to detect these “exoplanets”Since then，theyve spotted about 450.Most of the findings include one，two or three enormous gasfilled planets orbiting a star.But on August 24,2020，a group of European scientists announced an unusual discovery.They say theyve identified a solar system thats similar to ours.It consists of as many as seven planets orbiting a sunlike star.The star is over 100 light years away from us.The five planets that the scientists are most certain about are largeup to 25 times the size of Earth.According to Christophe Lovis，one of the scientists behind the finding，these five planets are similar to Neptune (海王星)“Theyre made mainly of rocks and ice，” he said.“Theyre probably not suitable for people to live in.”There are also signs of two more planets.One is thought to be similar to Saturn (土星)The other may be the smallest exoplanet ever spotted.Its only slightly larger than Earth.Because its so close to its star，the small planet takes just over a day to orbit it.Spotting faraway planets is challenging.The blazing light given off by the star they orbit makes the planets hard to see.That is why we cannot yet be 100% sure about these seven planets.The scientists havent actually seen them.Instead，they used a powerful telescope to study the star for six years.The star gave the scientists clues about the planets that orbit it.According to Alan Boss，a scientist who wasnt involved with the study，“this method is best for finding the big guys.” But，he said，the discovery shows spotting smaller planets is also possible.“The really nice thing about finding systems like this is that it shows therere many more out there，” says Boss.“Mother Nature really had fun making planets.”1In another solar system discovered by the European scientists，_.Athe star orbited by seven planets is over 100 light years away from the sunBall the seven planets are much larger than our earthCnone of the seven planets is suitable for people to live inDfive planets are made mainly of rocks and ice2According to the passage，what makes it difficult to find those exoplanets?AThe tools which are used to detect them.BThe long distance between them and our earth.CThe light given off by the star they orbit.DThe too long time needed to detect them.3It is inferred from the passage that Alan Boss_.Ahas always been supporting the European scientistsBbelieves using a telescope to study small stars is also possibleCthinks the European scientistsdiscovery is a little unbelievableDbelieves there must be another planet with humans living in it4The best title for the passage should be_.AResearch on the Solar SystemBDifficulty in Studying Mother NatureCScientists Contributions to the UniverseDA Lot like Our Solar System.信息匹配1.Americans are far more knowledgeable about drinks than they were 20 years ago.Witness the Starbucks revolution and youll know where the trend goes.Now，encouraged by recent studies suggesting that it can cut the risk of cancer and heart disease and slow the aging process，tea is enjoying a similar change.Enough fashionable tea houses are springing up to make even longtime coffee drinkers consider switching drinks.2.Tea is available in more places than ever.The Tea Association of the United States reports that from 1990 to 1999，annual sales of the drink grew to $4.6 billion from $1.8 billion.“Green tea is seen by consumers as a functional food” delivering health benefits beyond food itself，says Vierhile.3.Recently published studies point out that only teas that come from the leaves of the plant Camellia sinensis have been shown to contain health benefits.Other herbal teas may taste good，yet they do little more than warm up the drinker.But for Camellia sinensis，the evidence is powerful.In a 1998 study，Harvard University researchers found that drinking one cup of black tea a day lowered the risk of heart attack by as much as 44 percent compared with nontea drinkers，and other studies have suggested that the antioxidants(抗氧化剂) in these socalled real teas can also prevent cancer.4.One such antioxidant in green tea is ECGC，a compound 20 times as powerful as vitamin E and 200 times as powerful as vitamin C“When people ask me for something good and cheap they can do to reduce their cancer risk，I tell them to drink real tea，” says Mitchell Gaynor，director of medical oncology at New York Citys StrangCornell Cancer Prevention Center.5.Among those inspired to become a greentea drinker is Tess Ghilaga，a New York writer who took it up after seeking advice from a nutritionist six years ago.“Ive never been a coffee drinker，” says Ghilaga,33.“She told me to start drinking green tea for the antioxidant qualities.” Now Ghilaga and her husband habitually make tea they order theirs from In Pursuitof T，an Internet tea company.And although tea contains about half the amount of caffeine in a cup of coffee，“you still get such a kick from it，” says Ghilaga.必修五Unit 1Great scientists.语音知识15.BDBAD.单项填空1【解析】选B。句意为：控制和预防艾滋病对中国乃至全世界都是个挑战。2【解析】选C。句意为：据报道，警方很快将调查两名失踪小孩的案件。look upon看作，看待；look after照顾；look out警惕，小心。3【解析】选A。句意为：由于这里没有人知道机器出了什么毛病，我们必须找位工程师来处理此问题。4【解析】选C。考查固定句式。It makes sense for sb.to do sth.对某人来说做某事是明智的。句意为：对这样小的孩子来说阅读这么难的书没有什么意义。5【解析】选C。本题考查动词短语辨析。put up举起，张贴；put off推迟；put forward提出；put down记下。句意为：在即将到来的国际会议上，这个部长将提出她的国家在经济和商业领域方面的主要要求。根据句意选C。6【解析】选A。考查介词短语。句意为：除了食物和帐篷，中国还派出救援队到日本地震受灾区。apart from“除了”，符合句意。7【解析】选B。be to blame for.对负有责任，主动形式表被动的意义。8【解析】选C。句意为：接触不同困难处境的孩子更善于处理具有挑战性的任务。exposed to.为过去分词作定语；challenging“具有挑战性的”。9【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。根据句意可知，此处表示“参加会议”的意思，故选A项。attend常用来指“上课(学)，出席会议，参加婚礼、葬礼等仪式”。join指“加入某个组织成为其中的一员”；join in参加比赛活动；attend to.专心于，照顾。10【解析】选D。考查倒装句。only状语放在句首时，句子应用部分倒装的形式。根据then可知时态应用一般过去时。故选D项。11【解析】选B。考查冠词，第一个空是泛指“一个新闻报道”；第二个空表示“对这种疾病的治疗方法”，也是泛指。12【解析】选C。考查suggest的用法。由句意可知，第一个suggest表示“建议，提议”，此时that从句的谓语为“should动词原形”，should可以省略；第二个suggest为“暗示，间接表明”之意，此时that从句要用陈述语气。13【解析】选A。analyse分析；examine检查；inspect检查；survey调查。根据题意应选A。14【解析】选C。句意为：每个人都被鼓励为遭遇地震灾难的那些人捐献点什么。contribute“捐献，捐赠”，符合题意。15【解析】选D。考查immediately的用法。immediately除作副词“马上，立即”讲外，还可作连词，意为“一就”，相当于as soon as，引导时间状语从句。句意为：我们一踏进这个村庄，就都被它美丽的景色所吸引了。.阅读理解【解题导语】欧洲科学家利用望远镜进行探测、观察，发现了一个与太阳系相似的星系。1【解析】选D。细节理解题。第四段介绍了科学家们比较确定的五颗行星的情况，根据该段的“Theyre made mainly of rocks and ice”可以判断选D。2【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第六段“Spotting faraway planets is challenging.The blazing light given off by the star they orbit makes the planets hard to see.That is why we cannot yet be 100% sure about these seven planets.”可判断选C。3【解析】选B。推理判断题。从文中倒数第三段最后可知，它们所围绕的行星发出的光芒使它们难以被看到，而欧洲科学家花费了六年时间，用一种功能强大的望远镜观测这颗被环绕的行星，进而通过这颗行星得到其他围绕它的行星的线索，再根据倒数第二段Boss的话可知Boss认为这种方法是最好的，同时他认为用望远镜观察小行星也是有可能的，故选B项。4【解析】选D。主旨大意题。文章首先介绍欧洲科学家的发现一个与太阳系相似的星系，结尾借Alan Boss之口道出了“像这样的太阳系之外的类似星系还有很多”，由此判断选D。.信息匹配15.CAEDF