2022年考博英语-河北农业大学考前模拟强化练习题83（附答案详解）

2022年考博英语-河北农业大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题This house needs _. I will call the repair company tomorrow.问题1选项A.to be paintB.paintingC.to paintingD.painted【答案】B【解析】考查动词用法。句意：这房子需要维修。我明天给维修公司打电话。根据语境，这里是指房子需要被维修，某人/某物需要被做某事用sb./sth. need doing，所以B选项painting符合题意，故正确。sb. need to do表示某人需要做某事，表示主动意味，所以A选项to be paint不符合用法。其余选项语法错误。因此B选项正确。2. 单选题Historically, humans get serious about avoiding disasters only after one has just struck them. （1） that logic. 2006 should have been a breakthrough year for rational behavior. With the memory of 9/11 still （2） in their minds. Americans watched hurricane Katrina, the most expensive disasterIn U.S. history, on. （3） TV. Anyone who didnt know it before should have learned that bad things can happen. And they are made （4） worse by our willful blindness to risk as much as our （5） to work together before everything goes to hell.Granted, some amount of delusion(错觉)is probably part of the （6） condition. In A.D.63 Pompeii was seriously damaged by an earthquake and the locals immediately went to work （7） in the same spot-until they were buried altogether by a volcano eruption 16 years later. But a （8） of the past year in disaster history suggests that modern Americans are particularly bad at （9） themselves from guaranteed threats. We know more than we （10） did about the dangers we face. But it turns out that in times of crisis, our greatest enemy is rarely the storm, the quake or the surge itself. More often it is ourselves.问题1选项A.ToB.ByC.OnD.For问题2选项A.freshB.obviousC.apparentD.evident问题3选项A.visualB.vividC.liveD.lively问题4选项A.littleB.lessC.moreD.much问题5选项A.reluctanceB.rejectionC.denialD.decline问题6选项A.naturalB.socialC.worldD.human问题7选项A.revisingB.refiningC.rebuildingD.retrieving问题8选项A.reviewB.reminderC.conceptD.prospect问题9选项A.preparingB.protestingC.protectingD.prevailing问题10选项A.neverB.everC.thenD.Before【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:C第4题:D第5题:A第6题:D第7题:C第8题:A第9题:C第10题:B【解析】1. 考查介词辨析。通过对前句humans get serious about avoiding disasters only after one has just struck them.（人类只有在遭受灾难之后才会认真地避免灾难），于是后句紧跟的连词应该是表示解释说明，而A项to“至于”，C项on“在上面”，D项for为因果连词，只有by可以表示通过。2. 考查词义辨析。A项“新鲜的”，B、C、D三项都是明显的意思，evident多用于推理及抽象的事；obvious多用于指“容易知道或发现，无须解释或证明的”的事；apparent多用于指“一目了然的”的事，或者“思想上容易理解的”的事，根据文章的意思，此处应该是表示记忆犹新的意思，因此A项fresh符合题意。3. 考查词义辨析题。C项live这个单词除了有生活的意思之外，还有现场直播的意思。A项“视觉的”，B项“生动活泼的”，D项“活泼的”，vivid指人的表情、故事等“生动”“逼真” “活泼”等；lively指人及生物等充满生机和活力，即“活泼的”、“充满生气的”根据句意：美国人通过电视直播观看了卡特里娜飓风，这是美国历史上最昂贵的灾难。可知C项符合。4. 考查比较级。在比较级前面添加副词，只能用副词原级，不能再用比较级，因此B和C错误。根据文章的感情色彩，文章表示的是贬义，因此用much不用little。5. 考查词义辨析。A项reluctance“不情愿”，B项“拒绝”，C项denial“否定”， D项“拒绝”。B项和D项中reject一般指否决、不予接受（建议，提议，想法和要求等）；decline表示“婉拒”。通过分析这个复杂句我们看到了前面的一个关键词willful blindness“盲目”。该句句意：由于我们任性的盲目冒险以及我们 在一切陷入困境之前共同努力，使他们变得更加糟糕。而这里用A项reluctance，正好和前面的willful“故意的”成反义词对应。6. 考查词义和句意理解。固定搭配human condition“人的生存条件”，该句句意：诚然，一定程度的错觉可能是 的一部分。根据前文所说人们不愿意共同努力，可知人们有这种想法是受生存条件的影响，第二段后文通过举例来阐释这句话。所以此处选D项。A项“自然条件”，B项“社会条件”，C项“世界状况”，均不符合文意。7. 考查词义辨析。A项“修订”，B项“提炼”，C项“重建”，D项“重新得到”。该句句意：公元63年，庞贝城被一场地震严重破坏，当地人立即前往同一地点进行 。句子前面的连词and，表示两句并列。地震之后要干什么呢？当然就是重建了。所以此处选择C项。8. 考查词义辨析。A项“回顾”，B项“提醒，暗示”C项“概念”，D项“希望”。句子开头一个强转折but，表示后面要说的和前面的内容是相反的意思。同时，后面有一个history，通过这个单词就知道前面用review。该句句意：但 过去一年的灾难史，可以发现现代美国人，故选A。9. 考查固定搭配。C项protect sb. from sth保护某人免受某事。A项prepare“准备”，B项protest“抗议”，D项prevail“流行，成功”。结合句意：现代美国人尤其不善于 自己免受威胁，故选C。10. 考查词义辨析。本句中did是用助动词取代实意动词know，因此这里的连词只能用ever表示以前，而before做副词时一定放在句末或后跟名词，所以此处的句意：对于我们所面临的灾难，我们比以前知道的更多。因此只有B项符合。3. 单选题The doctor enjoyed both his work and his life. He had never felt any _ between these two things.问题1选项A.conflictB.constrictC.constructD.constraint【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项conflict“矛盾心态；（信念、观点、利益之间的）冲突”；B选项constrict“约束；收缩”；C选项construct“建造；构造”；D选项constraint“限制；约束”。句意：这位医生热爱他的工作和生活。在这两件事之间，他从未感觉到任何_。根据语境，同时热爱工作和生活，表明这两者没有矛盾，conflict“矛盾心态；（信念、观点、利益之间的）冲突”符合题意。因此A选项正确。4. 单选题The robber was brought to the judge, _.问题1选项A.his hands were fast tiedB.his hands to be fast tiedC.his hands having been fast tiedD.his hands fast tied【答案】D【解析】考查独立主格结构。句意：抢劫犯被带到法官面前，双手被绑得紧紧的。根据双手被绑确定用被动语态，结合动作发生在过去，所以D选项his hands fast tied正确。A选项his hands were fast tied是完整的句子，语法错误；B选项his hands to be fast tied表示动作未发生，语法错误；C选项his hands having been fast tied表示动作在谓语动词之前发生，语法错误。因此D选项正确。5. 单选题Researchers produced evidence to support what most of us already knewthat a cup of tea is the answer to any crisis.Dr. Malcolm Cross, a psychologist at City University London, tested the anxiety levels of a group of people following a （1） situation and revealed that even a single cup of tea has a （2） calming effect. His team gave 42 volunteers a mental arithmetic exam and （3） offered half of them a cup of tea and the other half a glass of water. The water groups anxiety levels soared （4） 25 percent compared with before the task, （5） the tea group actually reported a four percent reduction in anxietydespite the difficult test, they were relaxed than when they stared.According to a survey carried out for the research, 68 percent of Britons （6） tea in a dilemma, making it the nations most common response to trouble of （7） kind. About 60percent said the promise of comfort and warmth was the main reason for putting the kettle on. “The （8） of making and drinking teaparticularly during times of stressis at the very （9） of British culture,” Cross said.This study shows that the social psychological （10） of tea enhance the effects of its chemical make-up on our bodies and brains.问题1选项A.light-heartedB.seriousC.comfortableD.stressful问题2选项A.significantB.rigorousC.severeD.selective问题3选项A.previouslyB.afterwardsC.besidesD.lately问题4选项A.onB.inC.byD.at问题5选项A.whileB.howeverC.meanwhileD.nevertheless问题6选项A.give upB.owe toC.look onD.turn to问题7选项A.whicheverB.whateverC.howeverD.whoever问题8选项A.ceremonyB.functionC.ritualD.observance问题9选项A.beginningB.momentC.endD.core问题10选项A.aspectsB.facesC.sitesD.ways【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:B第4题:C第5题:A第6题:D第7题:B第8题:C第9题:D第10题:A【解析】1.考查形容词辨析。A选项light-hearted“轻松的”；B选项serious“严肃的”；C选项comfortable“惬意的”；D选项stressful“紧张的，有压力的”。句意：伦敦城市大学的心理学家马尔科姆克罗斯博士测试了一组人在_情况下的焦虑水平，发现即使是一杯茶也有镇静作用。根据语境，需要镇静的情况只有当人处于紧张的状态，所以stressful“紧张的，有压力的”符合题意。因此D选项正确。2.考查形容词辨析。A选项significant“有效的”；B选项rigorous“严密的”；C选项severe“严峻的；剧烈的”；D选项selective“有选择性的”。句意：发现即使是一杯茶也有_的镇静作用。根据语境，significant“有效的”形容effect“作用”比较合理，符合题意。因此A选项正确。3.考查词义辨析。A选项previously“预先”；B选项afterwards“然后”；C选项besides“以及”；D选项lately“近来”。句意：他的团队给42名志愿者进行了心算测试，_给其中一半人一杯茶，另一半人一杯水。根据语境和横线前面的and得知是先做测试再给水或茶，所以afterwards“然后”符合题意。因此B选项正确。4.考查固定搭配。A选项soar on非固定搭配；B选项soar in非固定搭配；C选项soar by“激增了”；D选项“激增到”。句意：与任务前相比，喝水对比组的焦虑水平飙升_25%。根据下文the tea group actually reported a four percent reduction in anxiety（喝茶对比组的焦虑感实际上减少了4%），可知这里在对喝水对比组和喝茶对比组的结果进行说明，可推测结果在内容方面一致，所以soar by“激增了”符合题意。因此C选项正确。5.考查语法。句意：_喝茶对比组的焦虑感实际上减少了4%。4个选项意思都为然而。A选项while引导从句；B选项however，C选项meanwhile和D选项nevertheless后面紧跟逗号，横线后面为完整的从句，所以A选项while符合题意。因此A选项正确。6.考查词组辨析。A选项give up“放弃”；B选项owe to“由于”；C选项look on“看待”；D选项turn to“求助于”。句意：这项调查显示，68%的英国人在遇到两难困境时会_喝茶，这使得喝茶成为英国人面对麻烦时最普遍的应对方式。根据语境，这里指人们选择通过喝茶帮助自己脱离那个焦虑的困境，所以turn to“求助于”符合题意。因此D选项正确。7.考查代词辨析。A选项whichever“无论哪个”；B选项whatever“无论什么”；C选项however“无论如何”；D选项whoever“无论是谁”。句意：这项调查显示，68%的英国人在遇到两难困境时会求助于喝茶，这使得喝茶成为英国人面对_种类的麻烦时最普遍的应对方式。根据语境，这里指无论遇到什么麻烦，人们选择喝茶，所以whatever“无论什么”比较符合题意。因此B选项正确。8.考查形容词辨析。A选项ceremony“（公共或宗教的）典礼；（正式或传统的）礼节”；B选项function“盛大的集会”；C选项ritual“习惯；（尤指）宗教仪式”；D选项observance“宗教（或传统节日）的仪式”。句意：泡茶和喝茶的_尤其是在压力大的时候。根据语境，在压力大的时候喝茶是一种习惯，所以ritual“习惯”符合题意。因此C选项正确。9.考查形容词辨析。A选项beginning“开始”；B选项moment“时刻”；C选项end“结束”；D选项core“核心”。句意：泡茶和喝茶的习惯尤其是在压力大的时候是英国文化的_。根据语境，这里指喝茶是英国文化中不容忽视的一部分，所以core“核心”符合题意。因此D选项正确。10.考查形容词辨析。A选项aspects“方面”；B选项faces“表面；面部”；C选项sites“地点”；D选项ways“方法”。句意：这项研究表明，茶在社会心理_增强了其化学成分对我们身体和大脑的影响。根据语境，这里是指从社会心理的角度来说，茶对我们的影响更大了，所以aspects“方面”符合题意。因此A选项正确。6. 单选题Clark felt that his _ in one of the most dramatic medical experiments of all time was worth the suffering he underwent.问题1选项A.appreciationB.participationC.presentationD.apprehension【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项appreciation“欣赏；理解；感激”；B选项participation“参与”；C选项presentation“颁发；展示会”；D选项apprehension“忧虑；逮捕”。句意：克拉克认为，他对有史以来最引人注目的医学实验之一的_，配得上他所遭受的痛苦。根据语境，B选项participation“参与”搭配experiments“实验”比较合理，意思指参与实验，符合题意。因此B选项正确。7. 翻译题要想在这个高速发展的社会立足，你必须学会如何处理压力问题。首先，你要重新定位你的生活需求，你真的需要那些如时装或者新车的奢侈品吗？如果你学会了对现有的生活满足，你也许就不会想要再找份工作或者不会在办公室度过周末。其次，定期锻炼身体有益于减压。不管你多忙，都要找时间锻炼，最好是和家人和孩子一起。第三，你应该学会放松。如果你停下去闻闻路边的玫瑰花香，世界不会因此而停止转动。【答案】You have to learn how to deal with stress for possessing a foothold in a society with rapid development. Firstly, you should readjust demand for life. Do you really need luxury goods such as fashionable dress and new car? If you learn to be satisfied with current life, maybe you do not want to get another job or spend your weekends in the office. Next, regular exercise is beneficial to relaxing the pressure. No matter how busy you are, you should take time to exercise, preferably with your family and children. Thirdly, you should learn to relax. If you stop your step to enjoy the smell of roses by the side of the road, the world wont stop turning.8. 单选题The accident _ him of his sight and the use of his legs.问题1选项A.excludedB.disabledC.deprivedD.gripped【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项excluded“把排斥在外”；B选项disabled“使伤残；使无效”；C选项deprived“使丧失”；D选项gripped“紧握；强烈影响”。句意：这次事故使他_视力和双腿的功能。根据语境，这次事故让他的眼睛和双腿功能受损，所以disabled“使伤残；使无效”符合题意。因此B选项正确。9. 单选题The doctor has difficulty _ this infection.问题1选项A.for treadingB.to treatC.in treatingD.being treating【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：医生在治疗这个感染病上遇到困难。做某事遇到困难用sb. have difficulty (in) doing sth.，所以C选项in treating符合题意，故正确。其余选项语法错误。因此C选项正确。10. 单选题This is the house _ last year when I was in this city.问题1选项A.about that I wrote to youB.that I wrote to youC.about which I wrote to youD.which I wrote to you【答案】C【解析】考查后置定语从句。句子主干是this is the house，横线和last year部分是修饰house的定语从句，根据短语write about sth.得出about放在先行词前，定语从句中，介词后面用which不用that，所以C选项about which I wrote to you符合题意。句意：这就是我去年在这个城市时写信告诉你的那所房子。因此C选项正确。11. 单选题Mother warned _ the electric lamp.问题1选项A.not to touchB.him not to touchC.him not touchingD.him not touch【答案】B【解析】考查动词用法。句意：妈妈告诫他不要碰电灯。告诫某人不要做某事用warn sb. not to do sth.，所以B选项him not to touch符合题意，故正确。其余选项语法错误。因此B选项正确。12. 单选题Stress is a state of imbalance between demands made on us from outside sources and our capabilities to meet those demands. Often, it precedes and occurs concurrently with conflict. Stress, as you have seen, can be brought on by physical events, other peoples behavior, social situations, our own behavior, feelings, thoughts, or anything that results in heightened bodily awareness. In many cases, when you experience pain, anger, fear, or depression, these emotions are a response to a stressful situation like conflict.Sometimes, in highly stressful conflict situations, we must cope with the stress before we cope with the conflict. Relieving some of the intensity of the immediate emotional response will allow us to become more logical and tolerant in resolving the conflict.People respond differently to conflict just as they respond differently to stress. Some people handle both better than others do. Individual differences are not as important as learning how to manage the stress we feel. The goal in stress management is self-control, particularly in the face of stressful events.Controlling physical symptoms of stress requires relaxation. Sit in a comfortable position in a quiet place where there are no distractions. Close your eyes and pay no attention to the outside world. Concentrate only on your breathing. Slowly inhale and exhale. Now, with each exhaled breath say “relax” gently and passively. Make it a relaxing experience. If you use this method to help you in conflict situations over a period of time, the word “relax” will become associated with a sense of physical calm; saying it in a stressful situation will help induce a sense of peace.Controlling your thoughts is the second major element in stress management. Managing stress successfully requires flexibility in thinking. That is, you must consider alternative views. Your current view is causing the stress! You must also keep from attaching exaggerated importance to events.Everything seems life-threatening in a moment of panic; things dim in importance when viewed in retrospect.1. The main point of this reading is that _.2. Controlling your thoughts always involves _.3. Human response to stress is _.4. The authors primary purpose in writing the selection is to _.5. Which of the following statements included in the selection most directly supports the writers view that stress is controllable?问题1选项A.Stress is an imbalance of internal and external demandsB.Controlling physical reactions and thoughts is an effective means of managing stressC.Relaxation is the key to successful stress managementD.Stress management requires a problem-solving approach问题2选项A.considering the situation in alternative viewpointsB.visualizing yourself managing the stressfulC.relaxation techniques to eliminate physical symptomsD.a sense of being overwhelmed by the situation问题3选项A.universalB.variable according to sexC.unchangingD.individual问题4选项A.explain the relationship between stress and conflictB.instruct the reader how to control stressC.describe relaxation techniquesD.persuade the reader to reduce stress through breathing问题5选项A.Things dim in importance when viewed in retrospect.B.Stress is an imbalance between demands.C.People respond differently to conflict, just as they respond differently to stress.D.Managing stress successfully requires flexibility in thinking.【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:D第4题:B第5题:D【解析】1.观点态度题。文章第一二段对压力这个话题进行引入后，第三段最后一句The goal in stress management is self-control（压力管理的目标是自我控制）交代下文主要内容，第四段讲述Controlling physical symptoms of stress requires relaxation.（可以控制压力的身体症状需要放松。），第五段讲述Controlling your thoughts is the second major element in stress management.（控制思想是压力管理的第二个主要因素），第六段对文章进行结尾，文章用了一半多的篇幅讲述如何管理压力，综上可知，本文的主要观点是B选项“控制身体的反应和思想是管理压力的有效方法”。A选项“压力是内在和外在需求的不平衡”：仅在第一段提到作为引入，没有贯穿全文，故错误。C选项“放松是成功管理压力的关键”：仅仅是主要观点的一个方面，故错误。D选项“压力管理需要一种解决问题的方法”：文章没有提到在解决问题的层面缓解压力，故错误。因此B选项正确。2.事实细节题。根据第五段第三句That is, you must consider alternative views.（也就是说，你必须考虑不同的观点。），可知控制思想需要考虑不同观点，所以A选项“用不同的观点来考虑情况”正确。B选项“想象自己管理压力”文章没有提到，故错误。C选项“消除身体症状的放松技巧”：属于身体范畴，不是思想范畴，故错误。D选项“被形势压倒的感觉”：根据第五段最后一句You must also keep from attaching exaggerated importance to events.（你也必须避免夸大事件的重要性），表明要避免被形势压倒的感觉，故错误。因此A选项正确。3.事实细节题。根据第三段第一句People respond differently to conflict just as they respond differently to stress.（人们对冲突的反应和对压力的反应是不同的。），可知人们对压力的反应因人而异，所以D选项“个人的”正确，A选项“普遍的”错误。B选项“根据性别变化”：文章没有提到男女在面对压力的不同。C选项“不变的”：文章主要内容讲如何调节压力，可知对压力的反应可以改变，故错误。因此D选项正确。4.作者意图题。根据第一段stress is a state of imbalance（压力是一种失衡的状态）讲述压力是什么，通过Often, it precedes and occurs concurrently with conflict.（它通常伴随冲突出现，并出现在冲突之前。）讲述为什么产生压力，根据第二段Relieving some of the intensity of the immediate emotional response will allow us to become more logical and tolerant in resolving the conflict.（减轻一些强烈的即时情绪反应将使我们在解决冲突时变得更有逻辑性和宽容）讲为什么要管理压力，在第三到第五段讲怎样管理压力，综上分析，可知作者的主要目的是让读者认识压力和学习管理压力，所以B选项“指导读者如何控制压力”正确。A选项“解释压力和冲突之间的关系”：属于为什么产生压力，不全面，故错误。C选项“描述放松技巧”和D选项“说服读者通过呼吸来减轻压力”：属于怎样管理压力，不全面，故错误。因此B选项正确。5.推理判断题。A选项“回想起来，事情就不那么重要了”：事情重要与否和压力能否控制不是一回事，不能相提并论，故错误。B选项“压力是需求之间的不平衡”：这里点出为什么会有压力，却没有表示需求和控制压力的关系，故错误。C选项“人们对冲突的反应不同，就像他们对压力的反应不同一样”：只是点出压力因人而异，没有提到能否控制，故错误。D选项“成功地管理压力需要思维上的灵活性”：这里点出了成功地管理压力，表示压力可以通过管理而得到控制，因此D选项正确。13. 单选题Allow children the space to voice their opinions_they are different from your own.问题1选项A.untilB.even ifC.unlessD.as though【答案】B【解析】考查词义辨析。A项“直到”；B项“尽管”；C项“除非”；D项“似乎”；句意：允许孩子有发言的空间，尽管他们的意见和你自己的有所不同。因此选B。14. 单选题She cannot find her dictionary now. I think that she_ it in the classroom.问题1选项A.has to leaveB.must have leftC.leftD.will leave【答案】C【解析】考查过去时态。根据句意：她现在找不到字典了。我想她把它 Normal 0 7.8 磅 0 2 false false false EN-US ZH-CN X-NONE _教室里了。应用过去时，故只有C符合。15. 翻译题1. To produce the same amount of electricity, China consumes four times as much energy as the world average. Since the outset of this century, increasing productivity while conserving energy has been one of the utmost concerns of the Chinese government.2. In the world of tomorrow, managers cannot be technologically illiterate regardless of their functional tasks within the firm. They dont have to be scientists or engineers inventing new technologies, but they have to be managers who understand when to bet and when not to bet on new technologies.3. If managers dont understand what is going on and technology effectively becomes a black box, they will fail to make the changes. They will be losers, not winners.4. Even if you know the answer to a childs question, resist the impulse to respond quickly. leaving no opening for discussion. That reinforces the misconception that science is merely a set of facts stored in the heads of adults.5. Science is about explaining. Science is not just facts but the meaning that people give to theby weaving information into a story about how nature probably operates.【答案】1.为了产生等量的电流，中国的能源消耗是世界平均水平的四倍。从本世纪的开端起，提高生产率同时节约能源，这已经成为中国政府最关心的事情之一。2.在将来的世界里，不管管理者在公司有什么职位任务，他们都不能是技术文盲。他们没必要是发明新技术的科学家或工程师，但是，管理者必须清楚对新技术何时押注。3.如果管理者不清楚怎么回事以及技术能有效地成为“黑匣子”，那么，他们就不会做出改变。这样，他们将成为失败者而不是胜者。4.即使你知道孩子问题的答案，也不要冲动地快速做出回应，要给讨论余留空间。这强化了科学仅是一套储存在成人脑海的事实这一误解。5.科学关乎于解释。科学不仅包含事实，而且包含人们通过将信息编织成个关于自然如何运作的故事而给予它的意义。16. 单选题As modern science moves faster, two forces are _ on professor: one is the time needed to keep on with the profession; the other is the time needed to teach.问题1选项A.exertedB.expiredC.exiledD.exempted【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项exerted“外露的”；B选项expired“过期的；失效的”；C选项exiled“被流放的；流亡的”；D选项exempted“被免除的”。句意：随着现代科学的快速发展，有两种力量_教授身上：一是继续从事这一职业所需的时间；另一个是教学所需的时间。根据语境，这里指教授受两个方面的因素的影响，这两个方面同时显现出来，A选项exerted“外露的”符合题意。因此A选项正确。17. 翻译题The carrot- and -stick theory of motivation (like Newtonian physical theory) works reasonably well under certain circumstances. 1. The means for satisfying mans physiological and (within limits), his safety needs can be provided or withheld by management. Employment itself is such a means and so are wages, working conditions and benefits. By these means the individual can be controlled so long as he is struggling for subsistence.But the carrot-and-stick theory does not work at all once man has reached an adequate subsistence level and is motivated primarily by higher needs. Management cannot provide a man with self-respect or with the respect of his fellows, or with the satisfaction of needs for self- fulillment. 2. It can create such conditions that he is encouraged and enabled to seek such satisfactions for himself, or it can thwart him by failing to create those conditions.But this creation of conditions is not “c