it的用法及句型总结

It的用法一、Tell the functions for “it” in each sentence:1、-Whats the weather together? -It is fine.2. It is hard to communicate with him.3. I find it hard to communicate with him.4. It is Li that who cleaned the classroom.5. It is a book.二、It 用法归纳1， 指代it （1）.用作人称代词：指代物、整个句子（2）用作非人称代词2， 形式it：（1）作形式主语 （2）作形式宾语3， 强调it4， 特殊句型5.在答语中指代this/that：1).- Whose book is that? -Its mine.三、特别注意： it,one和that作替代词的用法及区别 1.it代替前面提到的同一事物,该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词。 (特指，指代单数，指代物，同名同物)Can I borrow your pen?Sorry， Im using it.2.one代替前面提到的同类事物中的一个。该事物只能是可数名词,前面可以有冠词,也可以被this、that或形容词修饰,其后也可以有定语。 （泛指，指代可数名词，指代人或物，同名异物）I have a bike. Do you have one?Eg: (1).I bought a dictionary three years ago and I am still using_ now.(2) I bought a dictionary three years ago but I am going to buy a new _soon.(3).that代替前面提到的同类事物中特指的一个。该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词,必须要有后置定语,但不可以有前置修饰语。（特指，指代单数或不可数，指代物，后面有定语） The coffee produced in Brazil is more famous than _in Mexico.代词特指/泛指人/物名词特例it特指物单数可数名词同名同物；指代整个句子that特指物单数可数名词/不可数名词后面有定语；指代上文one泛指人、物单数可数名词同名异物四：形式主语、宾语、强调句及其他1、形式主语 ItIt is important to give the money back to him on time. 不定式It is no use arguing with such a person. 动名词It is said that he was the No.1 in the competition. 主语从句it作句子的形式主语, 后面被指代的主语包括：不定式动名词主语从句It替代作主语的动名词 Itsnogood/usedoing Its(well)worthdoing 例Itsnousecryingoverspiltmilk. 形式主语中的虚拟语气1. It is important ( necessary， strange， natural.) that . It is important that we (should) have enough rice. 2. Itssurprisingthat(should)竟然 例Itssurpringthatyoushouldapologizetoherwithout any reason. 3. It is suggested ( ordered /demanded/insisted/commanded. ) that . that后的从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省；常译为“据建议；有命令） 4. It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off.5. It is a pity ( a shame . ) that . that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。 例如；It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. 6、It is adj ( for sb. ) to do sth. important， necessary， natural ， impossible ， unusual ， rare ， normal ， easy ， hard ， difficult ， dangerous ， pleasant ， likely,right,wrong,clear,obvious,certain,suitable,proper,useful, 等、7. It is adj ( of sb. ) to do sth. good （好心的）， nice（有教养的）， polite， kind ， brave ， careless， honest ，modest ， considerate,naughty ， wise ， clever ， thoughtful,careful,crazy， bad ， lazy ， rude ， cruel ， foolish ， silly ， stupid ，.等。 这个句型可以改写为：sb. is adj to do sth. 。 It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so.2、形式宾语itI think it important to give the money back to him on time. I find it no use arguing with such a person.I knew it when he left without saying a word.it 作形式宾语时，句子的真正宾语是：不定式动名词宾语从句固定句型：1、oweittosb.that把归功于 2、see to it that:务必./负责. 3、I like (enjoy, hate，dislike) it when.: 我喜欢/讨厌.4、I would appreciate it if： 如果.我将不胜感激5、keepitinmindthat把记在心里6、I like (enjoy, hate) it when.7、I would appreciate it if3、强调句itItis/was+被强调部分+that(who)用来强调谓语动词以外的任何句子成分。当被强调部分是人时也可以用who。4、其他含有it的句式It is time ( about time ，high time ) that . 例如：It is the first ( second . ) time that .It is the first time I have been here. = This is the first time I have been hereIt is . since .。 since 引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。“做某事已经多久了”例如：It is ( has been ) 5 years since his father died. Itissince+延续性动词的过去式“不做某事已经多久了”例。Its10yearssince hehad breakfastIt is . when .。 when 引导时间状语从句，主句中的 it 指时间，表语由具体的时间充当，常译为当的时候，是 例如：It was 5 oclock when he came here. It be . before . when从句中常是将来一般时或过去时两种时态主句中的 it 指时间，表语多是long， not long ， 3 days ， 2 weeks 等表示时间段的词或短语，常译为后。 例如：It was 3 days before he went to Beijing. It will be not long before he finishes his job.