考研考博-考博英语-广西大学考前自测提分卷81(含答案详解）

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她考研考博-考博英语-广西大学考前自测提分卷（含答案详解）一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题I was trying to read the directions（ ）and absurd.问题1选项A.which was confusedB.which were confusingC.that was confusedD.they were confusing【答案】B【解析】句意:我正尝试阅读这令人困惑而且荒谬的说明。语法题。考查定语从句。先行词是名词复数directions，因此，which was confused 和 that was confused 错误。而 D 项 they were con Rising 不是定语从句，不符合句法结构，因此答案选B。2.单选题When（ ）and visit our exhibition next month?When（ ），I will let you know.问题1选项A.will he come; he will comeB.will he come; he comesC.does he come; he will comeD.does lie come; he comes【答案】B【解析】句意:下月，他什么吋候来看我们的展出？他什么吋候来，我会告诉你吋间。语法题。考查时态。第一句是特殊疑问句，而且根据句中的时间状语是“next month”：就确定了这句话应该使用一般将来吋，然而，第二句是由when引导的吋间状语从句，在吋间状语从句中只能用一般现在吋表示一般将来时。3.单选题One of the serious problems facing us is（ ）of how to get more water for man to use.问题1选项A.thatB.itC.whichD.what【答案】A【解析】句意:我们面临的一个严重问题是如何获得更多的水供人类使用。语法题。考查从句。空格后面是is的表语，因此后面部分只能是名词性结构或者从句。这里用that指代前面的problem，故选A。4.单选题You cannot imagine how（ ）I feel with my duties sometimes.问题1选项A.overflowedB.overthrownC.overwhelmedD.overturned【答案】C【解析】句意:你无法想象有时我对自己的职责感到多么不安。考查动词辨析。overflow使溢出，使泛滥；overthrow 推翻，打倒，废除；overwhelm 制服，压倒，使不知所措；overturn 倾覆，废除。因此C项符合句意，在此处表示“使不安”。5.单选题These goods are（ ）for export, though a few of them may be sold on the home market.问题1选项A.essentiallyB.completelyC.necessarilyD.remarkably【答案】A【解析】句意:尽管其中一些产品可以在国内销售，但是这些产品基本上是出口销售。考查副词辨析。Essentially本质上；根本上；基本上；completely完全地；necessarily必要地；remarkably明显地。因此A符合句意。6.单选题William Penn, the Founder of Pennsylvania,（ ）defended the right of every citizen to freedom of choice in religion.问题1选项A.peculiarlyB.indifferentlyC.vigorouslyD.inevitably【答案】C【解析】句意:宾夕法尼亚州的创始人，William Penn先生积极维护每一个公民自由选择宗教的权利。考查副词辨析。peculiarly 异常地；古怪地；indifferently 漠不关心地；冷淡地；vigorously 精神旺盛地，活泼地；大力地；inevitably 不可避免地；自然而然地；必然地。因此C符合句意。7.单选题On average, American kids ages 3 to 13 spent 29 hours a week in school, eight hours more than they did in 1981. They also did more household work and participated in more of such organized activities as soccer and ballet. Involvement in sports, in particular, rose almost 50% from 1981 to 1997: boys now spend an average of four hours a week playing sports; girls log half that time. All in all, however, childrens leisure time dropped from 40% of the day in 1981 to 25%.Children are affected by the same time crunch (危机)that affects their parents, says Sandra Hofferth, who headed the recent study of childrens timetable. A chief reason, she says, is that more mothers are working outside the home. (Nevertheless, children in both double-income and male breadwinner households spent comparable amounts of time interacting with their parents, 19 hours and 22 hours respectively. In contrast, children spent only 9 hours with their single mothers.)All work and no play could make for some very messed-up kids. Play is the most powerful way a child explores the world and learns about himself, says T. Berry Brazelton, professor at Harvard Medical School. Unstructured play encourages independent thinking and allows the young to negotiate their relationships with their peers, but kids ages 3 to 12 spent only 12 hours a week engaged in it.The children sampled spent a quarter of their rapidly decreasing free time watching television. But that, believe it or not, was one of the findings parents might regard as good news. If theyre spending less time in front of the TV set, however, kids arent replacing it with reading. Despite efforts to get kids more interested in books, the children spent just over an hour a week reading. Lets face it, whos got the time?1. By mentioning the same time crunch (Line 1, Para. 2) Sandra Hofferth means（ ）.2. According to the author, the reason given by Sandra Hofferth for the time crunch is（ ）.3. According to the author a child develops better if（ ）.4. The author is concerned about the fact that American kids（ ）.5. We can infer from the passage that（ ）.问题1选项A.children have little time to play with their parentsB.children are not taken good care of by their working parentsC.both parents and children suffer from lack of leisure timeD.both parents and children have trouble managing their time问题2选项A.quite convincingB.partially trueC.rather confusingD.totally groundless问题3选项A.he has plenty of time reading and studyingB.he is left to play with his peers in his own wayC.he has more time participating in school activitiesD.he is free to interact with his working parents问题4选项A.are engaged in more and more structured activitiesB.are increasingly neglected by their working mothersC.are spending more and more time watching TVD.are involved less and less in household work问题5选项A.extracurricular activities promote childrens intelligenceB.most children will turn to reading with TV sets switched offC.efforts to get kids interested in reading have been fruitfulD.most parents believe reading to be beneficial to children【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:B第4题:A第5题:D【解析】1.判断推理题。题干意为: Sandra Hofferth所说的“the same time crunch”是什么意思？根据题干定位至第二段第一句: Children are affected by the same time crunch （危机）that affects their parents (时间危机影响孩子，同样也影响父母)。该句上段主 题是：孩子们的休闲时间从40%降到了 25%。该句的后文主题是：更多母亲在外工作，即与孩子相处的休闲时间也减少了。因此，两者都面临的时间危机就是C项“父母和孩子都缺乏休闲时间”。2.判断推理题。题干意为: 在作者看来，关于时间危机，Sandra Hofferth所给的原因。根据题干关键词Sandra Hofferth定位至第二段: more mothers are working outside the home (更多的母亲在外工作)。后面括号内应该是作者的看法: Nevertheless，children in both double-income and male bread winner households spent comparable amounts of time interacting with their parents, 19 hours and 22 hours respectively. In contrast, children spent only 9 hours with their single mothers (然而，孩子与父母相处的时间分别是：双亲同时工作的为19小时，父亲一人工作的为22小时，而单身母亲家庭只有9小时)。因此可知，作者不完全支持Sandra Hofferth 的说法。一方面，单身母亲和双亲工作的家庭，与孩子相处的时间少于父亲一人工作的家庭，即，作者大体同意Sandra Hofferth的说法。另一方面，作者认为需要根据不同家庭结构来分析此问题。因此，作者认为Sandra Hofferth所给的原因是“部分正确”3.判断推理题。题干意为:在作者看来，一个孩子在什么情况下会更好地成长？第三段指出了作者认为的玩耍对孩子成长的好处: Unstructured play encourages independent thinking and allows the young to negotiate their relationships with their peers.(自由玩耍能鼓励独立思考，让孩子们与他们的同伴协商他们的关系)。因此B项“如果让他和同伴们自由玩耍”正确。4.判断推理题。题干意为:作者所关心的事实是美国孩子。A:参加有组织的活动越来越多。第三段最后一句指出: but kids ages 3 to 12 spent only 12 hours a week engaged in it (但是，312岁的孩子一周只花了 12小时自由玩耍)。由此可见作者认为孩子自由玩耍的时间越来越少。所以A项所述作者会比较关心。B:上班母亲越来越忽视孩子。第二段谈及母亲上班有影响到孩子的休闲时间，但并不能推测出B项所述，因此排除B项。C:用来看电视的时间越来越多。第四段的确指出:The children sampled spent a quarter of their rapidly decreasing free time watching television (调查的孩子的休闲时间迅速减少，但是他们花其中四分之一的时间来看电视)，但并不能推测出C项所述，因此排除C项。D:做的家务劳动越来越少。第一段指出: They also did more household work (做的家务劳动越来越少)，由此可知，D项所述错误。因此本题选A。5.判断推理题。题干意为:从文章中，我们能推断出什么?A:课外活动促进儿童智力发展。文章并未有所体现。B:如果关掉电视机，多数孩子会去读书。最后一段指出: If theyre spending less time in front of the TV set, however, kids arent replacing it with reading (然而，如果他们花更少的时间看电视，孩子们不会以阅读来取代看电视)。因此B项错误。C:培养孩子们的读书兴趣的努力已经颇有成效。文章最后指出: Despite efforts to get kids more interested in books, the children spent just over an hour a week reading (尽管人们付出努力来培养孩子的读书兴趣，但孩子们一周仅有一个多小时用来读书)。因此C项错误。本题用排除法，可得出答案为D选项“大多数父母认为阅读对孩子有益”。8.单选题A new technique（ ），the yields as a whole increased by 20 percent.问题1选项A.working outB.had been worked outC.having been worked outD.having worked out【答案】C【解析】句意:因为新技术已经解决，所以，整体的产量增长了 20%。语法题。考查非谓语动词。逗号后半句结构已经完整，因此前半句应用非谓语动词。此外，a new technique和work out之间是被动关系，因此，此处应 该是过去分词做状语。因此C项正确。9.单选题They decided to（ ）their different interests and unite in pursuit of a common goal.问题1选项A.substituteB.crossC.submergeD.surrender【答案】D【解析】句意:他们决定放弃各自不同的利益，联合追求共同目标。考查动词辨析。substitute 取代；cross 横渡，交叉;submerge 浸没，湮没；surrender 投降，放弃。因此D项符合句意。10.单选题A Southern California brewery has successfully tested a beer using treated sewage water. Stone Brewing, a large craft brewing operation headquartered in Escondido, presented its Full Circle Pale Ale to curious customers at an event lately in San Diego.The new ale is made using recycled, treated sewage water and is part of San Diegos plan, pure Water San Diego，to get a third of its water from recycled sources by 2021. And the verdict for the brew, which some have dubbed toilet tap，seemed to be quite positive, SF Gate reported.San Diego mayor Kevin Faulconer told the Times that the brew was fantastic and added: Theres no better way to highlight the purity of this water. Other patrons said the brew was outstanding and delicious. Stone Brewings Senior Manager of Brewing and Innovation, Steve Gonzalez, created the beer and said that he was doubtful at first. But all doubts were dispelled when he tried his brew.He told ABC 10: Among the pale ales that Ive made, its probably in the top three. The beer was made with three malts and three hops and has caramel and tropical fruit notes. The recycled water only needed some salts before brewing. The brewery is used to using different water sources which in turn have different properties-following Californias extreme drought conditions.Stone Brewing hopes to make the Full Circle Pale Ale available soon.1. Stone Brewing is successful in making a（ ）.2. The public respond to the beer is（ ）.3. Steve Gonzalez（ ）.4. “Pure Water San Diego” is to（ ）.5. Stone Brewing is（ ）.问题1选项A.recycled water beerB.sewage water beerC.toilet water beerD.tap water beer问题2选项A.doubtfulB.passiveC.positiveD.curious问题3选项A.made three beers with three malts and three hops.B.said the brew was outstanding and delicious.C.presented the brew to curious customers in San Diego.D.made the brew though doubtful at first.问题4选项A.treat all water by 2021B.recycle a third of water by 2021C.purify it water by 2021D.make a third of water by 2021问题5选项A.good at using different water sources.B.positive in using different water sources.C.recycling different water sources.D.used to using different water sources.【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:D第4题:B第5题:D【解析】1.细节事实题。第一段指出:A Southern California brewery has successfully tested a beer using treated sewage water (南加州的一家啤酒厂用处理过的污水成功地测试了一种啤酒)，第二段还指出: The new ale is made using recycled, treated sewage water (这种新的麦芽酒是用经过循环处理的污水制成的)。因此，A项“循环水啤酒”正确。2.细节事实题。第二段指出: And the verdict for the brew, which some have dubbed toilet tap，seemed to be quite positive (一些人称之为“马桶到水龙头”的啤酒反响似乎还不错)，因此C项“积极的，肯定的”正确。3.细节事实题。第三段指出: Stone Brewings Senior Manager of Brewing and Innovation, Steve Gonzalez, created the beer and said that he was doubtful at first. But all doubts were dispelled when he tried his brew (斯通酿酒公司负责酿造和创新的高级经理史蒂夫冈萨雷斯（Steve Gonzalez）创造了这款啤酒，并表示他一开始很怀疑。但当他试着冲泡时，所有的疑虑都消除了)。因此D项“一开始对这款啤酒心存怀疑”正确。4.细节事实题。根据题干关键词“Pure Water San Diego”定位至第二段: The new ale is made using recycled, treated sewage water and is part of San Diegos plan, pure Water San Diego, to get a third of its water from recycled sources by 2021 (这款新啤酒用的是处理过的回收污水，是圣地亚哥市“净水圣地亚哥”计划的一部分，目标是在2021年前实现三分之一的用水为回收水)。因此，B项 “到2021 年，回收三分之一的水”正确。5.细节事实题。第四段指出: The brewery is used to using different water sources which in turn have different properties-following Californias extreme drought conditions (加州极度缺水，因此酿酒厂常使用不同的水源，而这些水质也相应地有区别)。因此选D项“常使用不同水源”。