考研考博-考博英语-黑龙江大学考前自测提分卷87(含答案详解）

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她考研考博-考博英语-黑龙江大学考前自测提分卷（含答案详解）一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题Charles Reznikoof (1894-1976) worked relentlessly, never leaving New York but for a brief stay in Hollywood, of all places. He was admired by Pound and Kenneth Burke, and often published his own works; in the Depression era, he managed a treadle printing press in his basement. He wrote three sorts of poems: exceptionally short imagistic lyrics; longer pieces crafted and cobbled from other sources, often from the Judaic tradition; and book-length poems wrought from the testimony both of Holocaust trials and from the courtrooms of tum-of-the-century America. Two of these full-length volumes were indeed titles “Testimony”, as was an earlier prose work; it was a word that kept him close company. When asked late in life to define his poetry, it was not the word he chose.“Objectivist”, he wrote, naming his long standing group, and mimicking poetic style with a single prose sentence: “images clear but the meaning not stated but suggested by the objective details and the music of the verse; words pithy and plain; without the artifice of regular meters; themes, chiefly Jewish, American, urban.” If the sentence sounds hard-won, this is perhaps because it was. Four decades earlier, he wrote in a letter to friends, “There is a learned article about my verse in Poetry this month, from which I learn that I am an objectivist.” The learned fellow was Louis Zukofsky, brilliant eminence of the objectivists, “with whom I disagree as to both form and content of verse, but to whom I am obliged for placing some of my things here and there.” So read Reznikoofs conclusion in 1931, with its fillip of polite resentment.Movements and schools are arbitrary and immaterial things by which poetic history is told. This must have rankled Reznikoof, who spent his writing life tracing the material and the necessary.Born a child of immigrants in Brooklyn in 1894, he was in journalism school at 16, took a law degree at 21. Though he was little interested in legal practice, the ideas would be near the heart of his writing. Ideal poetic language, he wrote, “is restricted almost to the testimony of a witness in a court of law.” If this suggests a congenital optimism about the law, it made for astonishingly care-filled poetry. Reznikoof is unsurpassed in conveying the sense that world is worth getting right. Not the glorious or the damaged world, but the world that is everything that is the case. Reznikoofs faith in the facts of the case takes on an intensity no less social than spiritual, no greater when surveying the Old Testament than New York. This collection gathers all his poems (but for those already book-length) by the technique of compressing onto single pages as many as five or six at a time. This can lessen the force; each is a sort of American haiku, though no more impressionistic than a hand-operated printing press. One such, numbered 69 in the volume “Jerusalem the Golden” runs in its length: “Among the heaps of brick and plaster lies a girder, still itself among the rubbish.” This exemplary couplet is sometimes taken to represent Reznikoofs poetry itself, immutable and certain amid the transitory.1.By saying “it was a word that kept him close company” (Line 8, Paragraph 1) the author implies（ ）.2.Reznikoffs attitude to the fact that he was grouped as objectivist is（ ）.3.The word “rankled” (Line 2, Paragraph 3) probably means（ ）.4.We can learn from the 4th paragraph that（ ）.5.By citing the poem in the last paragraph, the author intends to（b）.问题1选项A.Charles Reznikoff always wrote works about testimonyB.Charles Reznikoof was always involved in the testimony affairsC.Charles Reznikoof liked to write testimonyD.Charles Reznikoof is busy lawyer问题2选项A.approvalB.indifferenceC.oppositionD.suspicion Normal 0 7.8 磅 0 2 false false false EN-US ZH-CN X-NONE问题3选项A.interestedB.angeredC.pleasedD.consoled问题4选项A.Reznuikoff liked to learn lawB.Reznikoff was more interested in spiritual world than in social worldC.it is astonishing that Reznikoff wrote care-filled poetryD.Reznikoff was greatly influenced by his legal experience in his poetry writing问题5选项A.show that the force is lessened in this wayB.show that the poem is not impressionisticC.show that the poem is immutableD.show that the poem is compressed【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:B第4题:D第5题:D【解析】1.推理判断题。由第一段“Two of these full-length volumes were indeed titles Testimony, as was an earlier prose work; it was a word that kept him close company. 其中两卷书的标题是证词，就像早期的散文作品一样；这是一个和他形影不离的词。”可知查尔斯喜欢写一些和证词相关的作品。故A项正确。2.推理判断题。由第二段“There is a learned article about my verse in Poetry this month, from which I learn that I am an objectivist.” The learned fellow was Louis Zukofsky, brilliant eminence of the objectivists, “with whom I disagree as to both form and content of verse, but to whom I am obliged for placing some of my things here and there.” So read Reznikoofs conclusion in 1931, with its fillip of polite resentment. 这个月的诗里有一篇关于我的诗的学习文章，从中我了解到我是一个客观主义者。这位学者就是路易祖科夫斯基，他是一位杰出的客观主义者，我对于诗歌的形式和内容都不同意他的观点，但是我不得不把我的一些东西放在这里和那里。雷兹尼考夫1931年的结论是这样的，其中不乏礼貌的不满。”可知查尔斯对于路易斯称其为客观主义者持不赞成的态度。故C项正确。3.词义题。由第三段“Movements and schools are arbitrary and immaterial things by which poetic history is told. This must have rankled Reznikoof, who spent his writing life tracing the material and the necessary.运动和学派是讲述诗歌历史的随意、非物质的东西。这肯定会查尔斯，因为他的写作生涯主要是描述物质和必然的东西。”根据前后句关系可判断两者存在矛盾，即运动和学派讲述的东西会让查尔斯很生气。故B项正确。4.推理判断题。由第四段“Though he was little interested in legal practice, the ideas would be near the heart of his writing. 虽然他对法律实践不感兴趣，但这些想法将是他写作的核心。”可知法律在查尔斯的诗歌创作中起到了很大的作用，故D项“查尔斯的诗歌创作深受法律经验的影响”正确。5.推理判断题。由最后一段“This collection gathers all his poems (but for those already book-length) by the technique of compressing onto single pages as many as five or six at a time. This can lessen the force; each is a sort of American haiku, though no more impressionistic than a hand-operated printing press. 这本诗集收集了他所有的诗歌（但对于那些已经有书本长度的诗歌来说），采用了一次压缩五六页的技术。这可以削弱力量；虽然不比手动印刷机更具有深刻印象，每一句都是一种美国俳句。”后面引用了一首诗作为被压缩之后的诗歌的例子。故D项“显示这首诗被压缩了”正确。2.单选题Barbara Strozzi was a singer and composer of madrigals arias and cantatas published in Venice between 1644 and 1664. Her use of these vocal forms places her directly within the cantata tradition of the mid-seventeenth century, along with such mayor figure as Rossi, Carissimi, and Cesti. With the notable exception of Francesca Caccioi (1587-1640), she is the only known woman among the many aria and cantata composers of seventeenth-century Italy, and is, presumably, among the very few women of the period to have pursued a career as a composer and to have achieved some measure of public recognition.This historical distinction attracted attention to her works early in the present century, even when the music of most of her male contemporaries, and, indeed, most women composers of any era, remained relatively ignored. But appreciation of her style was limited by prevailing convention to an isolation of its supposedly feminine qualities: “great spontaneity, exquisite grace, marvelously fine taste.” Such an appreciation now appears irrelevant as well as polemical in its incompleteness because we are in a better position-with regard to both historical knowledge and social awareness-to attempt a more precise evaluation for a somewhat anomalous (unusual) figure like Barbara Strozzi.Born in 1619 in Venice, she grew up in the home of Giulio Strozzi, a renowned poet and leading figure among Venetian intellectuals. Barbaras presence in Giulios household guaranteed her an early and full exposure to Venetian musical and literary society. Indeed, she was able to enter a world that was, apparently, closed to other members of her sex. Similarly, Francesca Caccini, the most prominent and successful Italian woman composer of the period, was the daughter of profession musicians and therefore exposed to music from infancy. This parallel suggests that such an environment may have been essential for the development of a female composer.1.According to the passage, Barbara Strozzis music attracted attention early in the twentieth century because of（ ）.2.The authors use of the word “supposedly” (line4, Para. 2)implies which of the following?3.The author of the passage bases her assertion that Strozzi is one of the very few seventeenth-century Italian women composers on which of the following assumptions?4.The author of the passage implies that which of the following was most essential to the success of both Francesca Caccini and Barbara Strozzi?5.It can be inferred from the passage that all of the following made Barbara Strozzi “a somewhat anomalous figure” EXCEPT（ ）.问题1选项A.its uniquely private characterB.its influence on Francesca CacciniC.the scarcity of seventeenth-century women composersD.the unconventionality of its forms问题2选项A.The author doubts the historical authenticity of the quotation that follows.B.The author doubts the accuracy of the facts she is reporting.C.The author disagrees with the judgment she is discussing.D.The author does not believe that Strozzi9s music has the qualities cited in the quotation.问题3选项A.Public recognition is an indispensable part of a career as a composer.B.Strozzi and Caccini were influenced by the same composers.C.The music of any woman composer whom her seventeenth-century contemporaries regarded as noteworthy would be known to modem scholars.D.The cantata tradition of themed-seventeenth century includes composers scholars and performers of madrigals and arias as well as cantatas.问题4选项A.Their presence in Venice at a time when vocal music nourished.B.Their early firsthand exposure to music and musicians.C.The lack of competition from other composers.D.The popularity of madrigals and cantatas in seventeenth-century Italy.问题5选项A.she was a woman composer during the seventeenth centuryB.she did not write dramatic works for voiceC.she did not perform operatic worksD.she wrote moving vocal works【答案】第1题:D第2题:C第3题:D第4题:B第5题:A【解析】1.细节事实题。文章第二段提到这一历史上的与众不同在本世纪初吸引了人们对她作品的关注，而这时大多数和她同时代的男性作曲家，甚至任何时代的女性作曲家的作品，仍然相对被忽视（This historical distinction attracted attention to her works early in the present century, even when the music of most of her male contemporaries, and, indeed, most women composers of any era, remained relatively ignored），由此可知她的作品之所以吸引别人的关注是因为她作品的与众不同，选项D符合题意。2.推理判断题。文章第二段提到对她风格的欣赏受到了主流传统的限制，局限于对其女性化特质的孤立：自发性、精致的优雅、绝妙的品味（But appreciation of her style was limited by prevailing convention to an isolation of its supposedly feminine qualities: “great spontaneity, exquisite grace, marvelously fine taste”），由此可知作者并不赞成这种观点，因此选项C符合题意。3.推理判断题。文章第一段最后一句话提到她是十七世纪意大利众多咏叹调和大合唱作曲家中唯一知名的女性，而且她是那个时期为数不多的从事作曲家事业并获得一定程度的公众认可的女性之一（she is the only known woman among the many aria and cantata composers of seventeenth-century Italy, and is, presumably, among the very few women of the period to have pursued a career as a composer and to have achieved some measure of public recognition），因此选项D符合题意。4.推理判断题。文章最后一段提到芭芭拉很早就接触了威尼斯音乐和文学社会（Barbaras presence in Giulios household guaranteed her an early and full exposure to Venetian musical and literary society），接着提到了成功的意大利女性作曲家卡西尼从婴儿时期就接触音乐（Similarly, Francesca Caccini, the most prominent and successful Italian woman composer of the period, was the daughter of profession musicians and therefore exposed to music from infancy），因此选项B符合题意。5.推理判断题。四个选项中，除了选项A“她是17世纪女作曲家”不是她不寻常的原因外，其他三项都是。3.单选题His family tried to_ into the white and Hispanic communities.问题1选项A.meltB.assimilateC.involveD.weaver【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. melt融化 B. assimilate 吸收；使同化C. involve包含；牵涉 D. weaver织布工；编织工【考查点】固定搭配。【解题思路】assimilate into表示（使）逐渐混合于（某一更大的群体）。句中white and Hispanic communities指的是白人和西班牙裔社区，是一个大群体。B选项符合句意。【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。【句意】他的家人试图融入白人和西班牙裔社区。4.单选题It is through learning that the individual _ many habitual ways of reacting to situations.问题1选项A.retainsB.gainsC.achievesD.acquires【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. retains 保持 B. gains 获得C. achieves 达到；实现 D. acquires 获得；取得【考察点】近义词辨析。【解题思路】B、C、D三个选项都有“获得，实现”的意思。of reacting to situations（对情况的反应）做habitual ways（习惯方式）的后置定语。句意为获得对各种情况做出反应的许多习惯方式。acquire指经过努力逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等。这里与habitual ways（习惯方式）相符合。因此D选项正确。【干扰项排除】A选项retain在这里不符合句子逻辑；B选项gain指获得，赢得，经过努力或奋斗获得某种利益；C选项得到，获得，多指成就、目标、幸福的取得。以上选项均不能和habitual ways搭配。【句意】正是通过学习，个人获得了对各种情况做出反应的许多习惯方式。5.单选题Since the early nineties, the trend in most businesses has been toward on-demand always-available products and services that suit the customers （ ）rather than the companys.问题1选项A.benefitB.availabilityC.suitabilityD.convenience【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。benefit“好处”；availability“可用性，有效性”；suitability“合适性”；convenience“方便，便利”。句意：自上世纪90年代初以来，大多数企业的趋势一致是按需提供随时可用的产品和服务，以满足客户的方便，而不是公司的方便。产品和服务对于客户来说是提供了便利，故D项符合题意。6.单选题The exam would finish at 11:30, we still have 10 minutes _ before we hand in our paper.问题1选项A.in handB.in caseC.in the name ofD.in the way【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. in hand 在手头；在进行中 B. in case万一；假使C. in the name of 以的名义 D. in the way 妨碍；挡道【考查点】词组辨析。【解题思路】根据句意，前半句表示考试将在十一点半结束，空格前表示我们还有十分钟，空格后为交卷前，引申含义为我们还有十分钟交卷，即卷子在手中还有十分钟。因此选A。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。【句意】考试将在11点半结束，在交卷之前我们还有10分钟。7.单选题Every possible means（ ）tried, but there is no result.问题1选项A.have beenB.has beenC.will beD.were【答案】B【解析】考查语法。主语为“every possible means”为单数，故谓语动词用单数。而且means与try之间为被动关系，故B项正确。句意：所有可行的办法都尝试了，但仍然没有用。8.单选题Although these states and their people are_, they share the common goal of economic development.问题1选项A.controversialB.involvedC.diverseD.visible【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. controversial有争议的；有争论的 B. involved有关的；卷入的；复杂的C. diverse不同的；多样化的 D. visible明显的；看得见的；现有的【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】根据“共同目标（common goal）”可知：这些地区经济发展的目标相同。空格处的从句用although连接，表示尽管。这句话的意思为尽管这些地区和人所以空格处应该填一个与后面“相同”的反义词表示转折。综上所述，C选项diverse“不同的；多样化的”可引申为此句所需的逻辑“不同的”以满足上述条件。【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。【句意】尽管这些国家及其人民各不相同，但他们都有共同的经济发展目标。9.单选题Obviously, there is a(n) _ that management only wants to cut costs.问题1选项A.concentrationB.ambiguityC.perceptionD.facility【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. concentration 专心；集合 B. ambiguity 含糊；不明确C. perception 认识能力；知觉；看法 D. facility 设施；设备【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】根据句子结构可知空格后that management only wants to cut costs（管理层只想削减成本）为同位语从句，解释说明空格的内容，“管理层只想削减成本”这是一种看法。C. perception“看法”符合语境。【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项均不符合语境。【句意】有一种看法认为，管理层只想削减成本。10.单选题Try the product out in the comfort of your own home with absolutely no（ ）to buy.问题1选项A.commitmentB.engagementC.persuasionD.preservation【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。commitment“承诺，许诺”；engagement“订婚，婚约，约会”；persuasion“劝说，说服”；preservation“保存，保留”。句意：可以在自己家里随意试用本产品且根本不用承诺买该产品。A项符合题意。